"the data that did not arrive for the date. talkin' the nonresponse blues" karsten...
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"The Data that did not arrive for the Date. Talkin' the Nonresponse Blues"
Karsten Boye RasmussenDepartment of Marketing and Management, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Heiko ThimmSchool of Engineering, Pforzheim University, Pforzheim, Germany
Did not answer
Did not answer
Number of pregnancies
Male Female
Did not answer
0-n Error OK
over n Error Probable error
Did not answer - skip pattern
Number of pregnancies
MaleShould not answer
FemaleShould answer
Did not answer Irrelevant No answer
0-n Error OK
over n Error Probable error
Did not answer
Number of pregnancies
MaleShould not answer
FemaleShould answer
Did not answer Irrelevant No answer
0-n Error OK
over n Error Probable error
Did not answer
• The missing data
Missing Data
•
Nonresponse
•
Nonresponse
•
Nonresponse
•
logos
eBusco.net survey • Production SME companies in South Denmark & North Germany• Response rate 12.6%• 64 and 66 respectively• 130 of the selected 1033 companies
!
Response rates in other SME surveys
• Wales Jones, 2003 26%
UK Daniel, 2002a 10.4% "deseletion"
UK Daniel, 2002b 4.5%
Singapore Thong, 1999 13.8%40.6%
mortalityof firms
Australia Goode, 2000 42%
Potential effect of nonresponse• 64 of 130 companies have an English web-site• Thats 50%• How about the 903 nonrespondents?
• A extreme: They all have English web-site => 94%• B extreme: None have English web-site => 6%
• So the correct answer would be: • 50% +/- 44%
The Blues
• Woody Guthrie
The Blues
• Talkin' World War III Blues
Potential effect of nonresponse• 64 of 130 companies have an English web-site• Thats 50%• How about the 903 nonrespondents?
• A extreme: They all have English web-site => 94%• B extreme: None have English web-site => 6%
• So the correct answer would be: • 50% +/- 44%
Confidence intervals for nonresponse
Comparison with known value
"archival analysis" as the quest for "the third variable" in causalitywe have not found the variable causing nonresponseyet
Data Source
Extrapolation of the nonrespondents
• The respondents• And the late respondents• Assuming nonresponse = late
• Question: How difficult is it to join two points with a straight line?
Time
Data Sourcephone calls
• Passive showingnot plannedsociallyacceptablebut did not find the time
ActiveExpressing planned behavior
Country Total
Nick- D DK name
Does not have the questionnaire (a new is sent)
43 45 88 9.31 10.20
The proper person does not have the questionnaire (a new is sent)
11 33 44 2.38 7.48
Will download the questionnaire 1 5 6 0.22 1.13
Questionnaire has already been returned (but not received)
1 6 7 0.22 1.36
Will locate the questionnaire, look into the matter, a message is given
21 5 26 171 Polite 4.55 1.13
Have no interest in this area 34 74 108 7.36 16.78
Never answers that, don't give this kind of information
47 7 54 162 Uninterested 10.17 1.59
Don't have the time 61 58 119 119 13.20 13.15 Busy
Phone number does not exist 20 2 22 4.33 0.45
Not reachable 35 28 63 85 7.58 6.35
Not included in the phone campaign 188 178 366 366 40.69 40.36
Total 462 441 903 903
PassiveBusy
No answer
ActiveUinterested
PassivePolite
phone calls
• Passive nonresponsewill nothavenonresponsebias
Active nonresonsewill havenonresponse bias
Rogelberg and Stanton (2007, p. 201)
Country Total
Nick- D DK name
Does not have the questionnaire (a new is sent)
43 45 88 9.31 10.20
The proper person does not have the questionnaire (a new is sent)
11 33 44 2.38 7.48
Will download the questionnaire 1 5 6 0.22 1.13
Questionnaire has already been returned (but not received)
1 6 7 0.22 1.36
Will locate the questionnaire, look into the matter, a message is given
21 5 26 171 Polite 4.55 1.13
Have no interest in this area 34 74 108 7.36 16.78
Never answers that, don't give this kind of information
47 7 54 162 Uninterested 10.17 1.59
Don't have the time 61 58 119 119 13.20 13.15 Busy
Phone number does not exist 20 2 22 4.33 0.45
Not reachable 35 28 63 85 7.58 6.35
Not included in the phone campaign 188 178 366 366 40.69 40.36
Total 462 441 903 903
PassiveBusy
No answer
ActiveUinterested
PassivePolite
Thundershields soldiers?• Are nonrespondents ..
• Karlsten - Marstrand • became a nobleman 1716• and got his name• former Peter Wessel
Contact and participation
Survey No contact Contact with
Business agency Total
Nonresponse 41388.3%
2875.7% 441
Participation in survey 5511.3%
924.3% 64
Total 468 37 505
Data Source
Conclusion
• Significant difference!
• Nonrespondents are different!
thankstalkin'
• Karsten Boye Rasmussen• associate professor • [email protected]• Institute of Marketing and Management• University of Southern Denmark• Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark• +45 6550 2115 fax: +45 6593 1766 ?
Talkin' World War III blues
Well, now time passed and now it seemsEverybody's having them dreams.Everybody sees themselves walkin' around with no one else.Half of the people can be part right all of the time,Some of the people can be all right part of the time.But all the people can't be all right all the timeI think Abraham Lincoln said that."I'll let you be in my dreams if I can be in yours,"I said that.