the constitutional era (1781-1789) what is a republic? a representative democracy
TRANSCRIPT
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The Constitutional Era
(1781-1789)
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•What is a republic?•A representative democracy
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•What is the basic principle of republican government?
•The people elect representatives who make the laws.
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•What was the first attempt at workable government in the United States?
•The Articles of Confederation
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•What was wrong with the government under the Articles of Confederation?
•It was too weak!
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•What does a constitution provide?
•The basic framework of a government.
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• Name 5 factors that made the national government under the Articles weak?
• 1) only a legislative branch; 2) Congress had no power to tax; 3) no national currency; 4) each state had 1 vote in the Confederation Congress; 5) no executive and no judicial branch
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•What does the legislative branch of a government do?
•Makes the laws
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•What does the judicial branch of a government do?
•Interprets or explains the meaning of the laws
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•What does the executive branch do?
•Enforces the laws
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•What is a compromise?•An agreement in which
both sides get part of what they want, but neither side gets all of what it wants.
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•Where did the Constitutional Convention meet?
•Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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What was the Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise?
• A plan providing for a two-house Congress in which the people would be represented in a House of Representatives and the states in the Senate. In other words, the House of Rep. would be based on population, while each state would have 2 U.S. senators.
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What was the Virginia Plan?
• A framework proposed by the Virginia delegation to the Constitutional Convention under which the national government would have a legislature consisting of two houses. Representation in both houses would be based on population. Big states would have more representatives.
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What was the New Jersey Plan?
• A framework proposed by the New Jersey delegation to the Constitutional Convention under which the national government would have a legislature consisting of one house. Under the New Jersey Plan each state had one vote. This plan benefited small states.
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Which one became part of the Constitution: the Va.
Plan, the N.J. Plan, or the Great Compromise?
•The Great Compromise
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What was the Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise?
• A plan providing for a two-house Congress in which the people would be represented in a House of Representatives and the states in the Senate. In other words, the House of Rep. would be based on population, while each state would have 2 U.S. senators.
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What is federalism?
•The division of power in the United States between the national government and the state governments.
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Who served as chairman of the Constitutional
Convention?
•George Washington
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Who is considered the “Father of the Constitution”?
•James Madison
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When federal law and state law conflict,
which law is supreme?
•Federal Law
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Who leads the executive branch of the federal
government?
•The President
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Who leads the judicial branch of the federal
government?
•The Supreme Court
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What is the name of the legislative branch of the
federal government?
•Congress
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What are the two houses of Congress?
• The House of Representatives
• The United States Senate
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How is a state’s membership in the
Senate decided?
•Two senators from each state
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How is a state’s membership in the House of Rep. Decided?
• By Population; States with large populations have more representatives than states with small populations.
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What was the three-fifths compromise?
• A compromise between the northern and southern states
• Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person in figuring the slave states’ population for representation in the House of Representatives
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What is separation of powers?
•The division of power among different branches of government.
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What is the checks and balances system?
• A system of government by which each branch of government can check or stop the actions of the other branches
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•How many states had to ratify or approve the Constitution before it could take effect?
•9
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Who were the Federalists during the Constitutional era?
•People who supported the Constitution.
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Who were the Anti-Federalists during the
Constitutional era?
•People who opposed the Constitution
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What does interstate commerce mean?
•Trade between states
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What is the Bill of Rights?
•The first ten amendments to the Constitution
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What was the basic idea of the Virginia
Declaration of Rights?
•That government should not violate basic human rights.
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Who wrote the Virginia Declaration of
Rights?
•George Mason
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Who wrote the Virginia Statute of
Religious Freedom?
•Thomas Jefferson
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• What two documents did Madison consult when he was working on the Bill of Rights?
• The Virginia Declaration of Rights and the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom
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What did the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom do?
•Outlawed the established church in Virginia
•Supported the idea of freedom of religion
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What rights does the First Amendment guarantee?
• Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, freedom of assembly, and the right of petition
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What church was the established church in
colonial Virginia?
•The Anglican church or Church of England
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What does the term ratify mean?
•Approve
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To what did the phrase “ratification of the
Constitution” refer?• 9 of the states approving
the Constitution so that it would take effect
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What First Amendment freedom allows people to
gather at public meetings?
•Freedom of Assembly
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What First Amendment freedom allows Americans to
make written requests to make changes in the
government?
•Freedom of Petition
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On what document was the Bill of Rights
based?
•The Virginia Declaration of Rights
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What is a constitutional amendment?
•An addition to the Constitution
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During the state ratifying conventions, what did the Anti-Federalists force the Federalists to promise to
adopt?
•A Bill of Rights