the constitution 1/19/2012. clearly communicated learning objectives upon completion of this course,...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Constitution
1/19/2012
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Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives
• Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:– understand and interpret the United States
Constitution and apply it to present policy dilemmas.
– understand why our national government works and why the American system of government is unique.
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Opportunities to Discuss Course Content
• Today 12-2 (In a meeting from 11-12)
• Monday 10-12
Free Constitutions for anyone who stops by
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Readings
• The Constitution
• Federalist 10
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EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE CONVENTION
The Failure of the Articles
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The Country is Crumbling
• No economic stability
• No order
• People and States were unwilling to relinquish their freedom for order
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A strong government needed to rescue the "American empire from
disunion, anarchy and misery”.
A Hamilton
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The Annapolis Convention
• what if you have a party and no one comes?
• Adjourns without any accomplishments
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The Rebellion
Danny Schayes Daniel Shayes
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THE U.S. CONSTITUTIONA Second Try at A Social Contract
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Why a Convention?
“for the sole and express purpose of revising the
Articles of Confederation”
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Dream Teams
1992 1787
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The Problems
• How to Maintain order and to pay for it
• The concentration of power and representation
• Economics and Foreign Policy
• Slavery
• Powers of the States
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The Solution: Maintaining Order
• The power to Tax
• The power to Raise an Army
• The Creation of an Executive
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The Solution: Representation
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The Solution: Republicanism
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The Solution: Checks and Balances
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The Solution: Logrolling
Slavery• A Strong Slavery Policy
• Representation
• Slave Trade and Taxing of Slaves
Economic Regulation• A Strong Commerce Policy
• War Debts
• Currency
• Trade within states and between the U.S. and other Nations
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The Solution: Federalism
• The states gave up some of their freedoms in exchange for order.
• A division of power between the government and regional units (states).
• Powers of Federal Government are enumerated.
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WAS THE DOCUMENT TOO POWERFUL?
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Things that Scared the States
• The supremacy clause (Article VI). The U.S. law is the supreme law of the land.
• Specific Limits on what the states can and cannot do (Article I, Section 10)
• The Necessary and Proper clause (Article I, Section 8)
• The creation of an executive, with the power to oversee a potentially enormous bureaucracy.
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General Complaints
• The Articles needed minor adjustments
• The states are giving up a lot
• The executive
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The Document Lacked a Bill of Rights
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THE BATTLE FOR RATIFICATION
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The Rules
• The Constitution states that "ratification of the CONVENTIONS of nine States shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution".
• The Constitution was sent to the states, and immediately two opposing camps evolved
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The Federalists
• Who Were They
• What was their goal
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The Anti-Federalists
• Who Were they
• Why were they disadvantaged?
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The Federalist Papers
• A media campaign of 85 editorials
• Published in New York Newspapers
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The Federalist 10
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The Compromise
• The Federalists promised that a Bill of Rights would be added to the Constitution.
• The main purpose of these amendments was to specify the list of protections for individual rights.
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The Bill of Rights Addresses• Freedoms
– Amendment 1 – Amendment 2 – Amendment 9 – Amendment 10
• Equality – Amendment 4 – Amendment 5 – Amendment 6 – Amendment 7 – Amendment 8
• Order – Amendment 3