The Cold WarState Standards 9.1, 9.3, 9.5, 9.6, and 9.9

Yalta ConferenceMeeting at end of

WWIIBig Three

Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill

Discuss Germany’s defeat and occupation

US begins to worry about Communist Russia

Start of the Cold War

Cold WarUS vs. the Soviet

Union1945-1991“Cold”

No direct warfare between US and Soviet Union

Funded and supported conflicts between other countries

Democracy vs. Communism The US and Soviet Union

were polar opposites!

Cold War.End of World War II

Most European countries in ruin

Russian Communists look to expand in these countries

US looks to stop expansion

Sides DevelopNATO

Created in response to fear that the Soviet Union would attack

12 members join US, France, Britain,

Warsaw PactCreated in response

to NATO Agreement among

Communist countries

Promoting DemocracyMost EASTERN

European countries fall to the Soviet UnionEstonia, Latvia, and

Lithuania annexed by Soviet Union

Poland, Romania, Bulgaria Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Albania become Soviet satellites

US fears further Soviet expansion and must stop it

Promoting Democracy.Iron Curtain

Churchill warns that an iron curtain has extended across the continent

Symbolic of the political division between Western and Eastern Europe Was referring to the

spread of Communism

Promoting Democracy..Truman Doctrine

Policy of CONTAINMENT Contain Communism

and not let it spread any farther

Provide anything they need to countries who are threatened by Communism

Promoting Democracy…Mar$hall Plan

Plan to provide fund$ to We$tern European countrie$

The$e fund$ were to be u$ed to buy $upplie$ to rebuild their economie$ Throw money at

Communi$m to $top it$ $pread

Allowed We$tern Europe to rebuild it$elf and helped $top the $pread of Communi$m

Arms RaceAtomic Weapons

Atomic Bomb leads to a struggle between the two world superpowers

Arms Race Who can build the

most atomic bombsMAD

Mutually Assured Destruction

BrinkmanshipUS uses threat of Nuclear war to try and stop

the spread of CommunismBeing on the brink of war was very frightening

for most peopleLed to drills in schools for duck and cover to

avoid nuclear attacks

McCarthyismHunting down

suspected Communist in America

Joseph McCarthyLeader of the Crusade

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)Accused individuals of

being a Communist Politicians and Movie

Stars Many Blacklisted

Post WWII GermanyPost World War II

Germany divided into four zones by the Allies

Each of the Allies controls one zone Britain, France, US,

RussiaBerlin

Was in the Soviet Union’s zone and was divided also into four sections

Post WWII Germany.Berlin Blockade and

AirliftBlockadeIsolation of an area,

often by force France, US, and

Britain join their zones together Soviet Union views

this as a threatBlockades all

roads into Berlin

Post WWII Germany..Response

US and Britain supply Berlin with food and other supplies by air Showed the Soviet

Union that the US would not give up on Berlin

US wins this episode of the Cold War

Post WWII Germany…Berlin Wall

People were fleeing Communist controlled East Germany

To stop people leaving the Communist build a wall to divide Berlin Berlin Wall

Physical barrier that isolated West Berlin from the rest of Germany

Came to symbolize the restraints of Communism

Berlin Wall 20th Anniversary

Korean WarMao Zedong

Leads a Communist take over in China

Domino TheoryIf one country

becomes Communist then more countries will follow

Two Wars to stop the dominos1. Korean War2. Vietnam War

Korean War.Korea

Korea split into two along the 38th Parallel Communist North and

Democratic SouthNorth invades South

US backs South Korea Soviet Union and

China back North Korea

Korean War..Mobile Warfare

Douglas MacArthur leads the US

Pushes the Communist all back to China Wants to use the atomic

bomb against China Would cause full scale

Nuclear War Relieved of his

command by President Truman

Korean War…Trench Warfare

China pushes the US back to the 38th Parallel

Ends in a stalemate with neither side gaining territory

Peace treaty was never signed to end the war

CubaFidel Castro

Overthrows the government of Cuba in 1959

Castro turns to Communism in Cuba First Soviet backed

country close to America

Scares America!

Bay of PigsInvasion

US sponsors an invasion of Cuba by Cubans

Failed and was an embarrassment for President John F. Kennedy

Ticks Castro off!

Cuban Missile CrisisSoviets try to install

missiles on CubaMissiles in Cuba could

reach the US quickerUS responds with a

naval blockade of Cuba

Soviets back down and don’t bring missiles to Cuba

Closest the Cold War came to actual conflict