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  • THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be
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THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1

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Page 1: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

THE CLAUSE

The building block of sentences.

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Page 2: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

What is a clause?

• A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.

• It may or may not be a complete sentence.

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Page 3: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Examples of Clauses

• whenever I eat cheese

• the students danced at the prom

• because Virginia is my home

• do not leave home without it

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Page 4: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Why are they clauses?

All groups of words have both subjects and verbs.

•whenever I eat cheese Subject verb

•the students danced at the prom subject verb

•because Virginia is my home subject verb

•(you) do not leave home without it subject verb phrase

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Page 5: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Remember!

Not all clauses are complete sentences!

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Page 6: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

A clause is not a phrase.

A clause has a subject and verb relationship.

After the morning announcements are over

A phrase does not have a subject and verb relationship.

After the morning

announcements

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Page 7: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Two Kinds of Clauses

• Dependent • Independent

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Page 8: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Dependent Clause (DC)

• group of related words• has a subject• has a verb• is NOT a complete sentence• begins with a relative

pronoun or subordinating conjunction

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Page 9: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Also known as…

Dependent Clause = Subordinate Clause

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Page 10: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Subordinating Conjunctions

after beforeunless

although how untilas if whenas if in order that

wheneveras long as since whereas soon as so that whereveras though than whetherbecause even though while

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Page 11: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Examples of Dependent Clauseswith Subordinating Conjunctions

• After we go to school sub. Conj. Subject verb

• Because Jane likes to read sub. Conj. Subject verb

• If my friend needs help sub. Conj. Subject verb

• As though Mr. Smith is crazy sub. Conj. Subject verb

• As soon as I finish my homework sub. Conj. Subject verb

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Page 12: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Relative Pronouns

thatwhichwho

whomwhoever

whomeverwhichever

whose

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Page 13: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Dependent Clauses that begin with Relative Pronouns

• whichever can go the fastest rel. pron. & subject verb phrase

• which includes many pages rel. pron. & subject verb

• who will understand the problem re. pron. & subject verb phrase

• that test was the easiest rel. pron. subject verb

(Note: the relative pronoun serves as the subject)

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Page 14: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Beware: Sentence Fragments

Because I like all kinds of music.

This is a sentence fragment because it does not express a complete thought; it’s just a DC.

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DCs are never sentences! If you do not finish the sentence, then the DC is a sentence fragment.

Because I like all kinds of music, my Ipod is filled with everything from country to hip hop music.

This is a complete sentence.

Page 15: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Independent Clause (IC)

• group of related words

• has a subject• has a verb• can stand alone as

its own sentence

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Page 16: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Also known as…

Independent Clauses = Main Clauses

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Page 17: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Examples of Independent Clauses

• Sara and John climbed the mountain subject verb

• I lied subject verb

• a cockroach will live nine days without subject verb phrase

its head• coyotes communicate with 11 different subjects verb

sounds

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Page 18: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Simple Sentence

Independent clauses left alone as sentences are called simple sentences.

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Page 19: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Simple SentencesSimple

sentences , or ICs, can be short or long.

A simple sentence may have phrases but just one clause.

• Melt!• Ice melts.• The ice melts quickly.• The ice on the river melts

quickly under the warm March sun.

• Lying exposed without its blanket of snow, the ice on the river melts quickly under the warm March sun.

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Page 20: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Review

Clause

Dependent Independent

Has a subjectHas a verb

Can be a sentence

Has a subject Has a verb

Cannot be a sentence

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Page 21: THE CLAUSE The building block of sentences. 1. What is a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb. It may or may not be

Practice – DC or IC?1. if I pass all of my SOLs2. my parents gave me an Ipod for

passing my SOLs3. because I received an Ipod for

passing my SOLs4. all students must pass their SOLs to

get their diplomas5. whoever didn’t pass the SOLs

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