the classic dictionary of civics and economics
DESCRIPTION
The Classic Dictionary of Civics and Economics. Created by: Kristen. Goal 1. Foundations of the United States Political System. Egalitarianism Civic virtue Religious pluralism Oligarchy Factions Religious dissent Totalitarianism Salutary neglect. Land Ordinance of 1785 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Classic Dictionary of Civics and Economics
Created by: Kristen
![Page 2: The Classic Dictionary of Civics and Economics](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/56814e59550346895dbbf4bc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Goal 1
• Egalitarianism• Civic virtue• Religious pluralism• Oligarchy• Factions• Religious dissent• Totalitarianism• Salutary neglect
• Land Ordinance of 1785
• Writs of Assistance• Eminent domain• Establishment cause• Theocracy• Free Exercise Clause• Navigation Acts
Foundations of the United States Political System
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Civic virtue-
Making society better for the good of it instead of doing it for one's gain
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Egalitarianism-
The idea in which everyone had natural rights and they are all created equal
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Eminent domain-
Private property is allowed to be used for public use by the government
Private Property!
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Establishment cause-
Congress isn’t allowed to establish a religion
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Factions-
People who share a common belief
Belief
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Free Exercise Clause-
Religion isn’t allowed to be banned by Congress
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Land Ordinance of 1785-Gave permission to Congress to sell
land to settlers and make money, it also divided land into townships
= Sold!
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Navigation Acts-England was the only country
that the colonies were allowed to sell certain goods to
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Oligarchy-
A small group of people who are given the power of the government
Power…Government…Power…Government
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Religious dissent-
Disagreement in a way that deals with religion
Yes religion
in Pledge!
No religion
in Pledge!
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Religious pluralism-
Many different religions
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Salutary neglect-
Britain let the colonies to rule themselves
13
Colo-nies
BritainIron fist
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Theocracy-
A government based on religion
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Totalitarianism-
Individuals are less important than the state
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Writs of Assistance-
Allowed the British soldiers to search whenever and whatever they wanted
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Goal 2
• Reprieves• Writ of Habeas
Corpus• Bills of attainder• Hazelwood v.
Kuhlmeier• Excise taxes• Elastic/ “necessary
and proper” clause• Regents of UC v.
Bakke
• Marbury v. Madison• Titles of Nobility• Tariffs• Expenditures• Executive
agreements• Immunity• McCoullough v.
Maryland• Gibbons v. Ogden
Government of the United States of America
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Bills of attainder-
Acts that condemns someone of a crime without a trial
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Elastic/ “necessary and proper” clause-Gives Congress the power to make
any law that is “necessary” and “proper” to carry out the responsibility of the Constitution
Law- illegal to smoke on school
campuses
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Excise taxes-
Taxes that are put on certain products (i.e. cigarettes)
1
1
11
1
11
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Executive agreements-
Agreements that don’t have to have the approval of the Senate
Yes
Senate
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Expenditures-The things that the United States
government have to pay for
Nat’l security
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Gibbons v. Ogden-
It strengthened the powers of the federal government
Federal government
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Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier-
Schools had right to censor activities financed by school
School Newspaper
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Kfjdjfkdjf jdkfjdkfjd
Fdfjkdkdjd kfjdkfjdk
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Marbury v. Madison-
It granted the Supreme Court judicial review
Court case 1st!
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McCoullough v. Maryland-
This case reinforced the supremacy clause and implied powers of Congress
United States Constitution
Powers of Congress- adfjf rueiw fdkdjf fic nncd dkde jdfi
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Immunity-
While attending sessions of Congress, members of Congress can’t be arrested
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Regents of UC v. Bakke-
The court ruled that the quota system can’t be used
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Reprieves-
makes a sentence decision delayed
Sentence Calendar
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Tariffs-
The taxes on imported items from foreign countries
Made
in
China
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Titles of Nobility-
Congress can’t name anyone ruler of any state
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Writ of Habeas Corpus-
Congress isn’t allowed to get rid of the defendant’s right to go before a judge unless it is a case of rebellion, to ensure public safety, or case of invasion
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Goal 3
• Referendum• Impact fees• Political corruption• Tax assessment• Cooperative
Extension Service• Ordinances• Limited government
• Charter schools• General Assembly• Council-manager
plan• Redistricting• Statutes• Local act• Court facilities
State and Local Governments Under the North Carolina Constitution
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Charter schools-
An alternative to public schools, they are funded by a sponsor group
Sponsor
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Cooperative Extension Service-
A service that helps improve lives through education and research (provided by state’s land-grant universities)
Education
Bad lifeGood life
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Council-manager plan-
The mayor is not directly involved in the council, the council hires a manager
Manager
Council
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Court facilities-
Holds trials for criminal and civil cases
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General Assembly-The equivalent to Congress on the
state level
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Impact fees-
The finances used to build or expand government buildings
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Limited government-
Public officials have to follow the laws of the state too
Law- dksjdk dsdfjdkfjdsdkf dkffjdklf kfj djffdjfdk
Public official
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Local act-
Voters of a city, town, or community vote on a proposal (like a bill), if approved it becomes a law)
Voting booth
Proposal- dfmdkfkdf fd df dfjk kjlfkd dkfj
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Ordinances-
Laws only a certain city has to follow
Laws-
Jfkdjfdjfkdjf
Dfdkjfkdk
dkfjdkjkdjfkdk
City
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Political corruption-
Political leaders who are involved in illegal activity, such as bribery or graft
Political leader
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Redistricting-
When congressional voting districts are redrawn (done after consensus)
+Consensus =
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Referendum-
The public vote on a preposition after 2/3 of the General Assembly said yes
Voting boothYes!
Yes!
No!
Preposition
Before
After
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Statutes-
State laws
+Laws
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Tax assessment-
Evaluates the value of a piece of property to impose taxes on it
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Goal 4
• Arbitration• Coalitions• Impartial jury• Initiative• Libel• Mediation• Patronage
• Penal code• Plurality vote• Precedent• Propositions• Radical• Reactionary• Sequestered• Voir dire
Active Citizenship
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Arbitration-
Agreement to use the third party’s decision legally binding
3rd
Decision
Legal Binding
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Coalitions-
Bringing different groups together to get success politically
=
1 + 1 Success!
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Impartial jury-
Group of unbiased people who decides if the accused is guilty or not guilty
Guilty!
Guilty!
Guilty!
Guilty! Guilty
!
Not guilty! Not
guilty!
Not guilty!
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Initiative-
Signing a petition to force the passing of a certain issue
Blah, Blah, Blah,
Blah, Blah
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Libel-
A published lie that is meant to hurt opponent's public image
NewYork
Times
Obama
hasvote-
edto
raisetaxes…
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Mediation-
Using a third party to help settle an argument
3rdTell him
I’m right!
No, tell him I’m right!
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Patronage-
The act to gain support by promising a particular position
Psst! Hey! If you support me, I’ll make
you my assistant!
Ok, deal!
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Penal code-
State’s definition for a criminal act and penalties
North CarolinaBook of Laws and Penalties
Penalty for criminal act- fdkDlfj ask jj the dJudge djf o’fjd
Djfkf djd
Criminal act- fdj Dfdj djfk dff d j
Kdkfjkd djffkdklfHfd f add dKdk djk df
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Plurality vote-
A party just needs to win more than the others, not the majority
Republican Democrat
Winner!
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Precinct-
Area where voter is assigned to vote
Voting booth Voting booth
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Propositions-
Citizens voting whether or not they should support changes in the law
Voting boothShould we support these changes?
Yes
No
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Radical-
Hold extreme opinions
Extreme Opinions
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Reactionary-
Groups who react to radical changes
Law- Buses don’t have to stop at
railroad crossings
Law- Buses doHave to stop at
railroad crossings
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Sequestered-
Isolated from society while serving on a jury
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Voir dire-
When attorneys from each side to state their side and ask questions
Please state your
side…
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Goal 5
• Adversarial system• Arraignment• Consensus building• Indictment• Issue of law
• Issue of fact• Local initiative• Torts• Writ of certiorari• Probable cause
Conflict in the United States’ Political and Judicial Systems
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Adversarial system-
Each side has an attorney in order to settle court cases
Defense Prosecutor
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Arraignment-
When the charges against the accused are read to them
Mr. Golan, you are charged with…
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Consensus building-
The process of coming to a consensus
1st- Debate between two sides
2nd- Negotiation
3rd- Compromise
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Indictment-
The charge of a committed felony
Felony: Murder
Charge: Must serve 7 years in jail, and must have at least 400 hours of community service. This will also go on their permanent record.
Grand Jury
Here you go!
Thanks!
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Issue of fact-
States that some facts of a case were not considered
Fact:Fact: Fact:Fact:
Nah! I don’t need
‘em…
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Issue of law-
States that trial procedures were not followed properly or the defendant’s rights were violated, so the case should be overturned
Procedures for trial:•Blah, blah, blah•Bleh, Bleh•Bleh, blah•blah, blah, bleh
Those procedures
didn’t happen!
Case over
turned! (BAM!)
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Local initiative-
When the people of a community sign a petition to force voting on a local issue
Peti-tion
KF
FG
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Probable cause-
Enough evidence to show a person has committed a crime
Evidence
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Torts-
Civil casesHe
wrecked my car!
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Writ of certiorari-
The power that is given to higher courts that allows them to request court decisions of lower courts be referred for review to the higher courts
We want to see your court decisions!
Power