The Civil War1861-1865

Was the Civil War worth its costs?

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Period:_________________________________________________________________________

Due:______________________________________________________________________________

• I can identify the contribution of key individuals like Lincoln, Davis, Lee, and Grant.

• I can list the advantages of the Union and the Confederacy, and explain why the war lasted so long.

• I know the major battles of the Civil War and their impact. • I can summarize how the Civil War affected all people of the United States.

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Civil War Study Guide Identify these people:

John Brown, Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglas, General Sherman, Robert E. Lee, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Stonewall Jackson, Dred Scott, Ambrose Burnside, George Meade, Joseph Hooker, Ulysses S. Grant, William Tecumseh Sherman, George Picket, McClellan

Key battles/events – for each battle list specific details, any interesting facts, and who won:

Gettysburg, Bull Run, Richmond (when McClellan attacks 1st time), Antietam, Fort Sumter, Vicksburg, Second attack on Richmond (fall of Richmond), Monitor vs. Merrimack, Atlanta, Appomattox Court House, Sherman’s march to the sea

Answer the following questions:

1. What was the North’s strategy for winning the war?

2. What was the South’s Strategy for winning the war?

3. Why did a lot of fighting of the civil war happen in Virginia?

4. What were the North’s advantages?

5. What were the South’s advantages?

6. Why was the battle of Gettysburg significant?

7. What was Sherman’s march to the sea?

8. What was the final battle of the war and who were the commanding generals on each side?

9. What was the first state to secede?

10. What was the compromise of 1850 and why did northern not like it?

11. What is popular sovereignty?

12. What was Bleeding Kansas?

13. What was the significance of the book Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

14. Who were the earliest known abolitionists in America? (what religious group)

15. What was the Underground Railroad?

16. What was the final event that lead to the southern states seceding from the Union?

17. Why was the union Army defeated when it tried to capture Richmond the first time?

18. Who did the Emancipation Proclamation Free?

19. What was Picket’s Charge?

20. What is the significance of Appomattox Courthouse?

21. From when to when was the Civil War?

I would highly recommend reading over your map and the packet that goes with it. Use your notes for info on these key battles and don’t forget that your book has answers too! The test will be mostly multiple choice and matching.

!Advantages

Strategies

Characteristics/Nicknames/Colors

Battle wins

North South

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North South

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North South

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!Leaders of the War

North vs South

Order of State Secession:

North South

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North South

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North SouthPresident:

Capitol:

Flag:

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President:

Capitol:

Flag:

! 1.Label the 11 seceding states that made up the Confederacy and color them Red

2.Label the Union States (not including the Border States) and color them Blue

3.Label the four Border States. Color them Green

4.Locate and Label on the map the Capitals of the Union and Confederacy with a star and their name.

5.Locate and label on the map these five major battles/events: Battle of Bull Run, Battle of Antietam, Battle of Gettysburg, Sherman’s March, Appomattox Courthouse.

Battles of the Civil War

Fort Sumter

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First Battle of Bull Run/ Manassas

Monitor vs Merrimack

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Shiloh

7 days battles (1

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Antietam

Fredericksburg

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Chancellorsville

Gettysburg

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Vicksburg

Chattanooga

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Sherman’s march to the sea (Atlanta)

Petersburg/Richmond

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Surrender at Appomattox court House

!The Gettysburg Address !

—“Why does Gettysburg hold such a hallowed place in American history and culture?” !

The Good Death

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania (Cemetery for the Union Dead at the battle of Gettysburg)

November 19, 1863

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

Follow the instructions and answer the questions.

1. Underline the part that we will memorize.

!2. Highlight the following in different colors:

Words repeated more than twice Words associated with time Words associated with life and death !

Define the following: (use the internet)

3. Dedicate

!4. Consecrate

!5. Score

!Answer these questions:

6. When was the Gettysburg Address given?

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7. Where was it given?

!8. Who gave the Gettysburg Address?

!9. What is the meaning behind the Gettysburg Address?

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10. Why do you think the Gettysburg address became such a famous speech?

What was considered the good death before the Civil War?

!!!How did soldiers try and keep this idea of receiving a good death in their last moments?

!!!!What is your idea of a good death?

!!!Sometimes we wait until death’s door to say how we truly feel. Take a minute to think about the Civil War and how people had to live as if each day may be their last. They sometimes wrote letters to loved ones expressing their true feelings just in case they did not survive the battle. If you wrote a letter like this what would it say? Who would you write it to. Write a final letter in the space below. (write it as yourself right now… not as if you were in the Civil War.)

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!Photography of the Civil War: Matthew Brady

1. Who invented the daguerreotype?

2. How long was the exposure time to take a Daguerreotype?

3. What were Daguerreotypes stored in? why?

!4. In what war were the first daguerreotypes taken?

5. What was so great about the collodion processes?

!6. What were Ambrotypes were pictures taken on?

7. Why did Ambrotypes become more popular than Daguerreotypes?

!8. How long was the exposure time for an Ambrotype?

9. What was a stereo card and why was it so popular?

!10. Around how many photographs did Matthew Brady take throughout the civil war?

11. Describe the process of taking a picture in this time period.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Analyze this primary source: New York Times on Oct. 20, 1862 about Brady's New York exhibit just a month after the bloody Battle of Antietam.

“The living that throng Broadway care little perhaps for the Dead at Antietam, but we fancy they would jostle less carelessly down the great thoroughfare, saunter less at their ease, were a few dripping bodies, fresh from the field, laid along the pavement….As it is, the dead of the battle-field come up to us very rarely, even in dreams. We see the list in the morning paper at breakfast, but dismiss its recollection with the coffee….There is nothing very terrible to us, however, in the list, though our sensations might be different if the newspaper carrier left the names on the battle-field and the bodies at our doors instead…. Mr. Brady has done something to bring home to us the terrible reality and earnestness of war. If he has not brought bodies and laid them in our door-yards and along the streets, he has done something very like it.”

What is the author saying about the affects of photography and the public’s view of the war? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Why do you think that the public today is not affected by images of dead bodies in today’s world like they were in the time period of Matthew Brady?

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The Assassination of Lincoln Make a storyboard of the events leading up to and following Lincoln’s Assassination. Each picture must be colored and have a caption describing the events in the picture. !!

1. 2. 3.

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Reading Log Chapter 16: “The Civil War 1861-1865” Section :1 “The Two Sides” pages 460-465 Classifying information: List the strengths and weaknesses of the Union and the Confederacy.

Analyze: Considering which side had the most advantages, why do you believe the war lasted so long? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Section 2: “Early Years of the War” pages 466-472Why was Union general McClellan not effective as a military commander? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why was control of the Mississippi River important? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section 3: “A Call for Freedom” pages 473-477 Reviewing facts: Summarize President Lincoln’s reasons for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Compare how the South and North viewed having African Americans as soldiers in their army. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section 4: “Life During the Civil War” pages 478-484 Analyze: On page 479, look at the painting and picture. In what ways might photographs have affected Americans’ view of the war in a way that paintings did not? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Close reading: Name at least three ways women helped with the war effort.

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10. 11. 12.

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Union Confederacy

Strengths

Weaknesses

• !Section 5: “The Way to Victory” pages 485-493 Personal Application: Read “An American Story” on page 485. After reading this passage and putting yourself in the shoes of this soldier, why would you continue to fight?_______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why do you think Lincoln supported General Grant when some critics called him “the Butcher”? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What forced Lee to surrender to Grant? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Civil War WebQuest/Socratic Seminar !Rules:

1. You don’t need to raise your hand to talk. You should focus on the speaker and wait your turn. 2. You should respond to each other, using each other’s names. 3. You should agree or disagree in a courteous, and thoughtful manner. 4. Look at the speaker while they’re talking. 5. Speak voluntarily at least four times. (once per talking point) 6. Make clear, accurate statements while also referring to what you’ve read.

Some Questions to Think About While Researching:

1. What caused the Civil War? 2. Who were the most important figures during the war and why? 3. Which battles were most important and why? 4. Was/is there confusion about what the war was about and how? 5. How did the war end? 6. What were some consequences or effects of the war?

Close Reading Requirements: (Read over the information from the WebQuest)

1. Complete the WebQuest and review notes. You can’t learn deeply from text without writing about what you’re reading. Complete the WebQuest in your packet. Highlight and underline the most important points in your notes, and why they are important, what they remind you of, how they connect, and what questions they raise in your mind. !

2. Number lines and paragraphs, and Highlight/Underline important parts that you plan to speak about in class.When you’re reading closely, you will constantly have to refer back to certain parts from your notes, either in discussion or during an assessment. Be organized about your notes, so you can read and understand them when you go back to them, and so you can write some more about them after you go back to them to wrestle again with the same points, their importance, connections, and what they reveal. The more often you send this information back through your brain, and the more you assemble and disassemble it in your mind and in your writing, the more you will learn.

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!Introduction:Welcome to the Civil War Webquest. By completing this webquest, you will have viewed many wonderful cites on the Civil War that will teach you many things. Make sure that you don’t miss out on the fun and enjoy learning about Civil War. To complete the webquest, go through each of the questions and click on the pictures that go with the questions. This will take you to a website that will allow you to read and answer the question. Once you find the answer, close out the website and go back to the list of questions. If you leave the website open, this may cause your computer to run slower. So, have fun and lets learn about the Civil War!!!

Civil War Webquest

Question One

1. What was the main cause of the Civil War? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What invention helped to contribute to the start of the Civil War and how did it help contribute to the start of the Civil War? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Another cause of the Civil War was state rights and how this was interpreted by both the North and the South. What does state rights mean and how did this topic in the constitution cause a conflict between the North and the South.

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4. Another key contributor to the Civil War was the different economic styles in both the North and the South. What were the different economic styles of both the North and the South during the Civil War period and why do you think they could not coexist? (this answer is not on a website you need to expand your thinking about what types of lifestyles the two sides lived.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Before the Civil War, there were many attempts to try and make both sides coexist with one another. In order to do this there were a series of compromises made to help settle disputes. What were the Missouri Compromise of 1820 (1 and 2) and the Compromise of 1850 and what did each try to establish? (Missouri Compromise (1 and 2) is part one and Compromise of 1850 is part 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act and what did it try to accomplish? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What was the Dred Scott Decision and how do you think the North and South reacted to this decision? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What did John Brown do and why do you think it put fear in the Southern States? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Who was the President during the time of the Civil War and what does he say he is trying to do by going to war with the South? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(A little FYI, Lincoln was the first successful candidate from the Republican Party to hold office.)

10. Instead of listening to Lincoln’s warning, the southern states succeed the Union and become their own nation. What is the name of this nation and what does the first three paragraphs tell you about the war?

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11. The South started to attack the North at a fort; this was the first battle of the Civil War. When and where was this battle? Also, how many casualties were there and how did they die? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Both sides, wanting to end the war quickly, began to march straight for each others capital city (Union = Washington, Confederate = Richmond). On their ways they meet in Virginia near the Manassas and proceeded to have the first land battle of the War. What was this battle called and how did the famous General Jackson receive the name Stonewall? What did this battle prove?

_________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ !13. After being attacked enough at Richmond, Confederate General Robert E. Lee decided that he had enough and began to attack the Union (North) on their own soil. His first encounter was at Antietam in Maryland where he proceeded to have the bloodiest single day of war ever. The number of soldiers lost at this battle compares to other battles how and what do you think this showed the South about the North being that it was the first time they had ever attacked the North on their own land? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Lincoln used the Battle at Antietam to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. What is the Emancipation Proclamation and what did it still leave into question according to the Southern States? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. The North’s economic and military power was beginning to sway the war in their favor. The Confederates faced shortages of food and weapons when they began to fight the Battle of Gettysburg. What was this battle considered; how long did the battle last; how many Americans were involved; what caused General Lee to loose the battle when he had the Union Army on the ropes? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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After the Battle of Gettysburg, Union General Ulysses S. Grant captured the Confederates last major defense in the Mississippi causing the Confederates Army to be separated. Gen. Lee finally surrendered his army to Gen. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia and then a week later the Confederate Army surrendered at the Battle of Bentoville. This was the last major battle of the Civil War. In conclusion to your Civil War Webquest, you need to write a couple paragraphs explaining the following things: how do you think the United States would be different if the South would have won; do you think the Civil War was inevitable or do you think it could have been prevented; and finally what do you now know about the Civil War that you didn’t before. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Websites for Questions

Question 1. http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/why.html

Question 2. http://ehistory.osu.edu/world/articles/ArticleView.cfm?AID=31

Question 3. http://www.civilwarhome.com/statesrights.htm

Question 4. None

Question 5.

Part 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri_Compromise Part 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850

Question 6. http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm

Question 7. http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/dred.htm

Question 8. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1550.html

Question 9. http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/al16.html

Question 10 http://www.civilwarhome.com/csa.htm

Question 11 http://www.civilwarhome.com/ftsumter.htm

Question 12 http://library.thinkquest.org/3055/netscape/battles/bullrun.html

Question 13 http://www.nps.gov/archive/anti/battle.htm

Question 14 http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation

Question 15 http://www.historyplace.com/civilwar/battle.htm