the charter of the united nations

THE CHARTER OF THE THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS

Unit 26Unit 26

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HistoryHistory Origins of the CharterOrigins of the Charter Charter of the UNCharter of the UN Purposes of the UNPurposes of the UN Principles of the UNPrinciples of the UN Structure of the UNStructure of the UN

First International OrganizationsFirst International Organizations

1865 The International 1865 The International Telecommunication UnionTelecommunication Union

1874 International Telegraph 1874 International Telegraph Union; Universal Postal UnionUnion; Universal Postal Union

First International Peace First International Peace ConferenceConference

1899 1st International Peace 1899 1st International Peace Conference (The Hague): Conference (The Hague):

1) the Convention for the Pacific 1) the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes Settlement of International Disputes and and

2) the Permanent Court of Arbitration 2) the Permanent Court of Arbitration (1902) (1902)

The League of NationsThe League of Nations

Established in 1919 under the Treaty of VersaillesEstablished in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles ““to promote international cooperation and to to promote international cooperation and to

achieve peace and security”achieve peace and security” 1919 The International Labour Organisation 1919 The International Labour Organisation

created as an affiliated agency of the Leaguecreated as an affiliated agency of the League The League of Nations ceased its activities after The League of Nations ceased its activities after

failing to prevent the Second World Warfailing to prevent the Second World War Dissolved in 1946; transferral of functions and Dissolved in 1946; transferral of functions and

property to the UNproperty to the UN

United Nations: NameUnited Nations: Name

The term UN was coined by Franklin The term UN was coined by Franklin D. Roosevelt; D. Roosevelt;

first used in the “Declaration by first used in the “Declaration by United Nations” of 1 Jan. 1942 when United Nations” of 1 Jan. 1942 when representatives of 26 nations representatives of 26 nations pledged their governments to pledged their governments to continue fighting together against continue fighting together against the Axis Powersthe Axis Powers

Origins of the UN CharterOrigins of the UN Charter

1941 The Atlantic Charter1941 The Atlantic Charter 1942 Declaration by United Nations1942 Declaration by United Nations 1943 The Moscow Conference1943 The Moscow Conference 1944 Dumbarton Oaks Proposals1944 Dumbarton Oaks Proposals 1944 Yalta conference1944 Yalta conference

The Atlantic Charter The Atlantic Charter (14 Aug.1941)(14 Aug.1941)

Principles laid down by President Principles laid down by President Rosevelt and Prime Minister ChurchillRosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill

The Charter did not contemplate the The Charter did not contemplate the establishment of an organization of establishment of an organization of States to replace the LeagueStates to replace the League

The need of creating a collective The need of creating a collective security system and establishing security system and establishing strong economic and social strong economic and social cooperation between the Statescooperation between the States

Declaration by United Nations Declaration by United Nations (1942)(1942)

Roosevelt, Churchill, LitvinovRoosevelt, Churchill, Litvinov (USSR),(USSR),T. V. SoongT. V. Soong ( (ChinaChina)) signed a signed a short document which later came to short document which later came to be known as the United Nations be known as the United Nations Declaration Declaration

representatives of representatives of 2222 other nations other nations added their signatures. added their signatures.


The original 26 signatories: US, UK, The original 26 signatories: US, UK, USSR, China, Australia, Belgium, USSR, China, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, Union of South Africa, YugoslaviaUnion of South Africa, Yugoslavia


This important document pledged This important document pledged the signatory governments to the the signatory governments to the maximum war effort and bound them maximum war effort and bound them against making a separate peace.against making a separate peace.

The Moscow Conference (1943)The Moscow Conference (1943)

The Declaration of the Four Nations (U.S., The Declaration of the Four Nations (U.S., Soviet Union, UK, China) recognized:Soviet Union, UK, China) recognized:

“ “the necessity of establishing ...a general the necessity of establishing ...a general international organization, based on the international organization, based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all principle of the sovereign equality of all peace-loving States and open to peace-loving States and open to membership by all such States, large and membership by all such States, large and small, for the maintenance of international small, for the maintenance of international peace and security” peace and security”

Dumbarton Oaks Proposals Dumbarton Oaks Proposals (October 7, 1944)(October 7, 1944)

Representatives of the same 4 Representatives of the same 4 Governments met to lay down the Governments met to lay down the foundations of the future world foundations of the future world organizationorganization

PurposesPurposes of the Organization: to maintain of the Organization: to maintain international peace and security, develop international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, promote friendly relations among nations, promote cooperation in economic and social cooperation in economic and social mattersmatters

Basic organsBasic organs: the Assembly, the Council, : the Assembly, the Council, the Secretariat, headed by the Secretary the Secretariat, headed by the Secretary General, and the Court of JusticeGeneral, and the Court of Justice

Dumbarton Oaks Proposals Dumbarton Oaks Proposals (October 7, 1944)(October 7, 1944)

Another important featureAnother important feature::member member states were to place armed forces at states were to place armed forces at the disposal of the Security Council the disposal of the Security Council in its task of preventing war and in its task of preventing war and suppressing acts of aggression. suppressing acts of aggression.

The absence of such forceThe absence of such force - -a fatal a fatal weakness in the League of Nations weakness in the League of Nations machinery for preserving peace.machinery for preserving peace.

Dumbarton OaksDumbarton Oaks

Yalta conference (11 Feb. 1945)Yalta conference (11 Feb. 1945)

Churchill, Churchill, Roosevelt and Roosevelt and StalinStalin

Yalta conference(11 Feb. 1945)Yalta conference(11 Feb. 1945)

““We are resolvedWe are resolved upon the earliest upon the earliest possible establishment with our Allies possible establishment with our Allies of a general international of a general international organization to maintain peace and organization to maintain peace and security… security…

Yalta conference(11 Feb. 1945)Yalta conference(11 Feb. 1945)

““We have agreed that a Conference We have agreed that a Conference of United Nations should be called to of United Nations should be called to meet at San Francisco in the United meet at San Francisco in the United States on the 25th April, 1945, to States on the 25th April, 1945, to prepare the charter of such an prepare the charter of such an organization, along the lines organization, along the lines proposed in the formal conversations proposed in the formal conversations of Dumbarton Oaks.”of Dumbarton Oaks.”

The San Francisco Conference The San Francisco Conference (April 25 – June 26, 1945)(April 25 – June 26, 1945)

Representatives of 50 states met to Representatives of 50 states met to draw up the UN Charter based on draw up the UN Charter based on Dumbarton Oaks proposals by the Dumbarton Oaks proposals by the Great Powers (China, the Soviet Great Powers (China, the Soviet Union, the UK, the US)Union, the UK, the US)

The Charter – unanimously approved The Charter – unanimously approved and signed by all the participating and signed by all the participating States, original members of the UN States, original members of the UN

The San Francisco Conference The San Francisco Conference (April 25 – June 26, 1945)(April 25 – June 26, 1945)

United Nations CharterUnited Nations Charter

"The Charter of the United Nations which you "The Charter of the United Nations which you have just signedhave just signed is a solid structure upon which is a solid structure upon which we can build a better world. History will honor you we can build a better world. History will honor you for it. Between the victory in Europe and the final for it. Between the victory in Europe and the final victory, in this most destructive of all wars, you victory, in this most destructive of all wars, you have won a victory against war itself. . . . With have won a victory against war itself. . . . With this Charter the world can begin to look forward this Charter the world can begin to look forward to the time when all worthy human beings may to the time when all worthy human beings may be permitted to live decently as free people." be permitted to live decently as free people." (President Truman)(President Truman)

United Nations CharterUnited Nations Charter

"If we fail to use it,we shall betray all "If we fail to use it,we shall betray all those who have died so that we those who have died so that we might meet here in freedom and might meet here in freedom and safety to create it. If we seek to use safety to create it. If we seek to use it selfishly - for the advantage of any it selfishly - for the advantage of any one nation or any small group of one nation or any small group of nations — we shall be equally guilty nations — we shall be equally guilty of that betrayal. "of that betrayal. "

United Nations CharterUnited Nations Charter(www.un.org/aboutun/charter)(www.un.org/aboutun/charter)

Constituting instrument of the Constituting instrument of the OrganizationOrganization

Rights and obligations of member Rights and obligations of member statesstates

UN organs and proceduresUN organs and procedures

PreamblePreamble WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS

DETERMINED to save succeeding generations DETERMINED to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,standards of life in larger freedom,

PreamblePreamble AND FOR THESE ENDS to practice AND FOR THESE ENDS to practice

tolerance and live together in peace with tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of the economic and social advancement of all peoples,of all peoples,

PreamblePreamble

““HAVE RESOLVED TO COMBINE OUR HAVE RESOLVED TO COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS. EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS. Accordingly, our respective Governments, Accordingly, our respective Governments, through representatives assembled in the through representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, who have exhibited city of San Francisco, who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United organization to be known as the United Nations.”Nations.”

Purposes of the UNPurposes of the UN To maintain international peace and securityTo maintain international peace and security To develop friendly relations among nations To develop friendly relations among nations

based on respect for the principle of equal rights based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoplesand self-determination of peoples

To help nations work together to improve the To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for humanhuman rights and rights and fundamental fundamental freedoms; freedoms;

To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common endsnations in attaining these common ends

UN PrinciplesUN Principles

It is based on the sovereign equality It is based on the sovereign equality of all membersof all members

All members are to fulfil in good faith All members are to fulfil in good faith their Charter obligationstheir Charter obligations

They are to settle their international They are to settle their international disputes by peaceful means and disputes by peaceful means and without endangering international without endangering international peace, security and justicepeace, security and justice

UN PrinciplesUN Principles

Members are to refrain from the threat or Members are to refrain from the threat or use of force against any other stateuse of force against any other state

They are to give the UN every assistance They are to give the UN every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with in any action it takes in accordance with the Charterthe Charter

Nothing in the Charter is to authorize the Nothing in the Charter is to authorize the UN to intervene in matters which are UN to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any stateof any state

MembershipMembership

Open to all peace-loving nations which Open to all peace-loving nations which accept the obligations of the Charteraccept the obligations of the Charter

The General Assembly admits new The General Assembly admits new member states on the recommendation of member states on the recommendation of the Security Councilthe Security Council

The Charter provides for the suspension or The Charter provides for the suspension or expulsion of a member for violation of the expulsion of a member for violation of the principles of the Charter (no such action principles of the Charter (no such action has ever been taken)has ever been taken)

Official languagesOfficial languages

ArabicArabic ChineseChinese EnglishEnglish FrenchFrench RussianRussian SpanishSpanish

Structure of the OrganizationStructure of the Organization

The General AssemblyThe General Assembly The Security CouncilThe Security Council The Economic and Social CouncilThe Economic and Social Council The Trusteeship CouncilThe Trusteeship Council The International Court of JusticeThe International Court of Justice The SecretariatThe Secretariat

General AssemblyGeneral Assembly(www.un.org/ga)(www.un.org/ga)

Representatives of all member states Representatives of all member states (193), each of which has one vote(193), each of which has one vote

Decisions on important issues, e.g. Decisions on important issues, e.g. peace and security, admission of new peace and security, admission of new members, budgetary matters require members, budgetary matters require a two thirds majoritya two thirds majority

Security CouncilSecurity Council

Maintenance of international peace Maintenance of international peace of securityof security

15 members: 5 permanent (China, 15 members: 5 permanent (China, France, the Russian Federation, the France, the Russian Federation, the UK, the US); 10 members elected by UK, the US); 10 members elected by the General Assembly for two-year the General Assembly for two-year termsterms

Security CouncilSecurity Council

Decisions on procedural and Decisions on procedural and substantive matters require 9 votessubstantive matters require 9 votes

Permanent members: power of vetoPermanent members: power of veto All members of the UN have are All members of the UN have are

obliged to accept the decisions of the obliged to accept the decisions of the Security CouncilSecurity Council

Economic and Social CouncilEconomic and Social Council(www.un.org/esa/coordination/ecosoc(www.un.org/esa/coordination/ecosoc))

Coordinates the economic, social and Coordinates the economic, social and related work of the UN and the related work of the UN and the specialized agencies and institutions specialized agencies and institutions

54 members, who serve for three-54 members, who serve for three-year termsyear terms

International Court of JusticeInternational Court of Justice(www.icj-cij.org)(www.icj-cij.org)

The principal judicial organ of the UNThe principal judicial organ of the UN Settles legal disputes between statesSettles legal disputes between states Gives advisory opinions to the UNGives advisory opinions to the UN Open to all member states; not open Open to all member states; not open

to private persons and entities or to private persons and entities or international organizationsinternational organizations

Jurisdiction of the ICJJurisdiction of the ICJ

Decides disputes by applying:Decides disputes by applying: International conventions establishing International conventions establishing

rules recognized by the contesting states;rules recognized by the contesting states; International custom as evidence of a International custom as evidence of a

general practice accepted as law;general practice accepted as law; The general principles of law recognized The general principles of law recognized

by nationsby nations Judicial decisions and the teachings of the Judicial decisions and the teachings of the

most qualified scholars of the various most qualified scholars of the various nationsnations

Membership of ICJMembership of ICJ

15 judges elected by the General 15 judges elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council, Assembly and the Security Council, voting independentlyvoting independently

Chosen on the basis of their Chosen on the basis of their qualifications; care is taken that qualifications; care is taken that principal legal systems of the world principal legal systems of the world are representedare represented

Membership of ICJMembership of ICJ

No two judges can be from the same No two judges can be from the same countrycountry

Serve 9-year term and may be re-Serve 9-year term and may be re-electedelected

They cannot engage in any other They cannot engage in any other occupation during their term of officeoccupation during their term of office

SecretariatSecretariat(www.un.org/documents/st)(www.un.org/documents/st)

Secretary General – appointed by the Secretary General – appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council for a five-year, of the Security Council for a five-year, renewable termrenewable term

Administering peacekeeping operations, Administering peacekeeping operations, mediating international disputes, mediating international disputes, surveying economic and social trends, surveying economic and social trends, preparing studies on human rights and preparing studies on human rights and sustainable developmentsustainable development

SecretariatSecretariat

Informs the world’s media about the work Informs the world’s media about the work of the UN, organizes international of the UN, organizes international conferences, translates documents into conferences, translates documents into the official languagesthe official languages

Staff of 7,500 drawn from 170 countriesStaff of 7,500 drawn from 170 countries Headquarters: New York; main centres of Headquarters: New York; main centres of

activities: Geneva (disarmament, human activities: Geneva (disarmament, human rights), Vienna (crime prevention, rights), Vienna (crime prevention, international trade law, peaceful uses of international trade law, peaceful uses of outer space), Nairobi (environment, outer space), Nairobi (environment, human settlements)human settlements)

Secretary-GeneralSecretary-General(www.un.org/News/ossg/sg)(www.un.org/News/ossg/sg)

Symbol of UN ideals and a Symbol of UN ideals and a spokesman for the interests of the spokesman for the interests of the world’s peoplesworld’s peoples

Chief administrative officer of the UNChief administrative officer of the UN Brings to the attention of the Brings to the attention of the

Security Council any matter which Security Council any matter which may threaten the maintenance of may threaten the maintenance of international peace and securityinternational peace and security

Secretary GeneralSecretary General

Consultations with world leaders, Consultations with world leaders, government officials, representatives government officials, representatives of civil society groups, the private of civil society groups, the private sector and otherssector and others

Annual report on the work of the Annual report on the work of the OrganizationOrganization

The UN family of organizationsThe UN family of organizations

UN secretariatUN secretariat UN funds and programmes (e.g. UN funds and programmes (e.g.

UNICEF)UNICEF) Specialized agencies (e.g. UNESCO, Specialized agencies (e.g. UNESCO,

WHO)WHO) Related organizations (e.g. WTO)Related organizations (e.g. WTO)

International tribunalsInternational tribunals

International Criminal Tribunal for International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)

International Criminal Tribunal for International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)Rwanda (ICTR)

International Criminal Tribunal for the Former International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)Yugoslavia (ICTY)(www.un.org/icty)(www.un.org/icty)

Created by the Security Council in Created by the Security Council in 19941994

Mandate to prosecute persons Mandate to prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law international humanitarian law committed since 1991committed since 1991

16 permanent judges, 27 ad litem 16 permanent judges, 27 ad litem judges, staff of 1,238 from 84 judges, staff of 1,238 from 84 countriescountries

Fill in the missing words:Fill in the missing words:

Observance, rule, development, Observance, rule, development, recognition, conscience, foundation, recognition, conscience, foundation, realization, freedom, standards, realization, freedom, standards, promotionpromotion

Observance, rule, development, recognition, conscience, Observance, rule, development, recognition, conscience, foundation, realization, freedom, standards, promotionfoundation, realization, freedom, standards, promotion

WhereasWhereas _____of the inherent dignity _____of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human rights of all members of the human family is the family is the __________ of freedom, justice of freedom, justice and peace in the world,and peace in the world,

WhereasWhereas disregard and contempt of disregard and contempt of human rights have resulted in human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged barbarous acts which have outraged the the ______ of mankind, and the advent of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings of a world in which human beings shall enjoy shall enjoy ______ of speech and belief of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,aspiration of the common people,



WhereasWhereas it is essential, if man is not it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the __ rights should be protected by the __ of law,of law,

WhereasWhereas it is essential to promote it is essential to promote the ____the ____ of friendly relations between of friendly relations between nations,nations,


WhereasWhereas the peoples of the United the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote and have determined to promote social progress and better social progress and better ______of life of life in larger freedom,in larger freedom,


WhereasWhereas Member States have pledged Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the ___with the United Nations, the ___ of of universal respect for and ___ of human universal respect for and ___ of human rights and fundamental freedoms, rights and fundamental freedoms,

WhereasWhereas a common understanding of a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full ___ of this greatest importance for the full ___ of this pledge,pledge,

Universal Declaration of Human Universal Declaration of Human Rights: PreambleRights: Preamble

WhereasWhereas recognition recognition of the of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the the human family is the foundationfoundation of freedom, justice and peace in the of freedom, justice and peace in the world,world,

PreamblePreamble

WhereasWhereas disregard and contempt of disregard and contempt of human rights have resulted in human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged barbarous acts which have outraged the the conscienceconscience of mankind, and the of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy beings shall enjoy freedomfreedom of of speech and belief and freedom from speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the as the highest aspiration of the common people,common people,

PreamblePreamble

WhereasWhereas it is essential, if man is not it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rights should be protected by the rulerule of law, of law,

WhereasWhereas it is essential to promote it is essential to promote the the development development of friendly of friendly relations between nations,relations between nations,

PreamblePreamble

WhereasWhereas the peoples of the United the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote and have determined to promote social progress and better social progress and better standardsstandards of life in larger freedom, of life in larger freedom,

PreamblePreamble

WhereasWhereas Member States have pledged Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the with the United Nations, the promotion promotion of of universal respect for and universal respect for and observanceobservance of of human rights and fundamental freedoms, human rights and fundamental freedoms,

WhereasWhereas a common understanding of a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full greatest importance for the full realizationrealization of this pledge, of this pledge,

PreamblePreamble

Now, therefore,Now, therefore, The General AssemblyThe General Assembly Proclaims this Universal Declaration Proclaims this Universal Declaration

of Human Rights as a common of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations…..peoples and all nations…..

The International Court of JusticeThe International Court of Justice

ICJ is the principal judicial body of the ICJ is the principal judicial body of the UN. Its seat is in The Hague. It began UN. Its seat is in The Hague. It began work in 1946, when it replaced the work in 1946, when it replaced the Permanent Court of International Permanent Court of International Justice which had functioned in The Justice which had functioned in The Hague since 1922.Hague since 1922.

The International Court of JusticeThe International Court of Justice

Below is some information about the Below is some information about the court and its activities. Match the court and its activities. Match the information to the following information to the following headings. You will need to use some headings. You will need to use some headings more than once:headings more than once:

ExerciseExercise

Functions of the CourtFunctions of the Court CompositionComposition The Parties in Cases between StatesThe Parties in Cases between States Jurisdiction in Cases between StatesJurisdiction in Cases between States Procedure in Cases between SttesProcedure in Cases between Sttes Sources of Applicable lawSources of Applicable law Advisory OpinionsAdvisory Opinions

ExerciseExercise

ICJICJ HeadingsHeadings

One of the roles of the One of the roles of the Court is to settle in Court is to settle in accordance with accordance with international law the international law the legal disputes submitted legal disputes submitted by Statesby States

The advisory procedure The advisory procedure of the Court is open of the Court is open solely to international solely to international organizationsorganizations

ExerciseExercise


The Court decides in The Court decides in accordance with accordance with international treaties international treaties and conventions in and conventions in force, international force, international custom, the general custom, the general principles of law and, principles of law and, as subsidiary means, as subsidiary means, judicial decisions and judicial decisions and the teachings of the teachings of juristsjurists

ExerciseExercise


The Members of the The Members of the Court do not represent Court do not represent their governments but their governments but are independent are independent magistratesmagistrates

The court is competent The court is competent to entertain a dispute to entertain a dispute only if the States only if the States concerned have concerned have accepted its jurisdictionaccepted its jurisdiction

ExerciseExercise


The other role is to The other role is to give advisory give advisory opinions on legal opinions on legal questions referred to questions referred to it by duly authorized it by duly authorized international organs international organs and agenciesand agencies

Only States may Only States may apply to and appear apply to and appear before the Courtbefore the Court

ExerciseExercise

ECJECJ HeadingsHeadingsThe Court is composed of The Court is composed of 15 judges elected to 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office nine-year terms of office by the UN General by the UN General Assembly and Security Assembly and Security ConcilConcil

After the oral After the oral proceedings, the Court proceedings, the Court deliberates in camera deliberates in camera and then delivers its and then delivers its judgement at a public judgement at a public sittingsitting

ExerciseExercise

ECJECJ HeadingsHeadings

If one of the States If one of the States involved fails to involved fails to comply with it, the comply with it, the other party may have other party may have recourse to the recourse to the Security Council of Security Council of the UN the UN

QuizQuiz

At which of the following conferences was the United Nations Charter adopted?

a) The Yalta Conferenceb) The San Francisco Conference c) The Dumbarton Oaks Conference

QuizQuizWhich Secretary General died during his mandate?

a)Trygve Lieb) U Thant c) Dag Hammarskjöld

QuizQuizWhat was the first United Nations Peacekeeping Force?

1) United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) 2) United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) 3) United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)

QuizQuiz

In 1980 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the eradication of which of the following diseases?

a) Smallpoxb) Tuberculosis c) Malaria

QuizQuiz

Which of these three UN agencies was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize twice?

a) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) b) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)c) United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

the charter of the united nations

Documents

international cooperation

ununited nations

leaguethe league of

united nations1943

united nationsunit

separate peace

organization of states

social cooperation