the changing paradigm in forensic science by dr david klatzow
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Changing Paradigm
in
Forensic
Science
by Dr David Klatzow
![Page 2: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Justicia (aka “Lady Justice”)
Janós Blaschke, The Goddess Themis, 1786
![Page 3: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Is this what we have become?
![Page 4: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
““The surest way The surest way to corrupt a youth to corrupt a youth is to instruct him to is to instruct him to holdholdin higher ESTEEMin higher ESTEEMthose who think alikethose who think alikethan those who think than those who think differently.”differently.”
Friederich Nietzche
![Page 5: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
See Davie v Edinburgh Magistrates, 1953SC 34 of 40 quoted in Phipson on Evidence13th Edition at 574
What is an Expert?
![Page 6: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Also Maritime & General Insurance Company v Sky Unit Engineering1989 (1) SA 867
What is an Expert?
![Page 7: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Mayfield Print
www.forejustice.org
![Page 8: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Agent Massey:
“I’ll preach fingerprints till I die. They are infallible.”
Chicago Tribune, 17 Oct 2004
![Page 9: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bombing Out in Birmingham
![Page 10: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Birmingham 6 and the Maguires
•Frank Skuze
•The Griess Test
•Police Confessions?
![Page 11: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bullet Identification
•Bullet Lead ID
•Striations
Up to 25% of matching striationscan be by chance alone
![Page 12: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bullet Identification
![Page 13: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Bullet Identification
![Page 14: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bullet Identification
![Page 15: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Strengthening Forensic Science
![Page 16: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Forensic Science is vulnerable to contextual andconfirmational bias
I Dror et al Forensic Science International, 2006, 156: 74,77
![Page 17: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Forensic Science is hindered by:
•Multiple levels of educational requirements\
•Different professional cultures within the field
•Reliance on apprentice-type training and a guild-like structure of each discipline
Strengthening Forensic Science, pg 87
![Page 18: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Research by Dror et al has shown that:
…experienced fingerprint examiners do not necessarily agree with their own past conclusions when the examination is presented later in a different context.
![Page 19: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Shoe Prints and Tyre Tracks…
…are largely subjective.
![Page 20: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
National Academies Report Ballistic Imaging:
…observed that validity of fundamental assumptions of uniqueness and reproducibility has not yet been fully demonstrated.
![Page 21: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Hair
•Gaudette : 1 in 4 500
•Local less features : 1 in 4 500
![Page 22: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
FiresMany of the rules of thumb used to indicateaccelerant are simply not true.
![Page 23: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Statistics:
MJ Saks & JJ Koehler
![Page 24: The Changing Paradigm in Forensic Science by Dr David Klatzow](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062222/56649ee55503460f94bf4150/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What’s To Be Done?1. Forensic science should not function
in a police and prosecutorial environment
2. State and defence experts should meet to draft a joint expert minute prior to a trial
3. Slugging it out in court should be a thing of the past
4. There is a need for proper academic training of forensic scientists
5. A research culture needs to be fostered.