The CellPart 3

Stores water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates

Plants often have a single large vacuole filled with liquid – the pressure provided by this gives plants strength to support leaves, flowers, etc.

Some single cell organisms have vacuoles

Some animal cells have vacuoles

Organelles - Vacuoles

Vacuoles would be the storage area (warehouse) of the factory

Paramecium have a contractile vacuole which can contract and pump water out of the cell to maintain a controlled internal environment (homeostasis)

Organelles - Vacuoles

Convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are easier for cells to use.

Has an outer membrane and an inner membrane as an enclosure

The inner membrane is folded up inside the mitochondria

Organelles - Mitochondria

In humans, nearly all of our mitochondria come from the cytoplasm from our mother’s egg cell

The mitochondria is like the power plant that supplies the factory with electricity

Organelles - Mitochondria

Found in plants and a few other organisms Capture energy from sunlight and convert it

into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis

Surrounded by 2 membranes (like mitochondria)

Contains chlorophyll – a green pigment Chloroplasts are like solar power plants in a

factory

Organelles - Chloroplasts

Acts as the support structure and transportation system of the cell

The cytoskeleton is like the steel beams and concrete columns that hold up the factory building.

Organelles – Cytoskeleton

Made up of protein filaments Microfilaments – threadlike structures

made of a protein called actin. Provide a tough, flexible framework that supports the cell. (Amoebas assemble & disassemble microfilaments as a source of movement.)

Microtubules – hollow structures made up of proteins called tubulins. They help maintain cell shape and help to separate chromosomes in cell division.

Organelles - Cytoskeleton

In animal cells (not plant cells) centrioles are structures in the nucleus made of tubulin that help organize cell division

Microtubules also help build cilia and flagella which help with cell movement

In cilia, specifically, the microtubules are arranged in a 9+2 pattern

Organelles - Cytoskeleton