the (catholic) counter reformation p. 435-436 write only what is in black!
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The (Catholic) Counter Reformation
p. 435-436
Write only what is in black!
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I. How the Catholic Church defended itself (against the Protestant Reformation):
1. Creation of the Jesuit Order by Igantius Loyola
• Catholic missionaries
• Spread Catholic message to Africa, Asia and the Americas.
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•Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556)
•Born in Spain
•Founder of the Jesuit order
•Was a knight before he became a priest
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Boston CollegeGeorgetownMarquetteHoly CrossCreightonXavierSt. Joseph’sGonzaga
Jesuit Universities:
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Strake Jesuit High School
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2. The Holy Inquisition
• Church court designed to judge and convict heretics (those who have different opinions than the Catholic Church)
• Guilty were imprisoned, exiled and executed
• Stopped spread of Protestantism in Italy and Spain
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Galileo died under house arrest…
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…because he believed the sun was the center of the universe.
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The Church believed Earth was the center of the universe.
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Bruno was burned at the stake
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3. The Council of Trent (Meeting of Church officials)
• Outcome:• Church, not individual, would interpret
the Bible (stayed the same)• Outlawed nepotism, simony and the
selling of indulgences (changed)• Clergy had to renounce worldly
pleasures/riches/luxury (changed)• Condemned Protestant doctrine
(teaching) (stayed the same)• Index- list of books forbidden to
Catholics (many burned)
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II. Results of the Reformation
1. Religion no longer united Europe2. The Catholic Church’s power declined; pluralism (more than one church present)3. Encouragement of education
4. Separation of church and state accepted5. Individual monarchs and nation-states
(countries) grow in power.