the byzantine empire
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The Byzantine Empire. Review: Fall of Rome. Roman emperor, Diocletian (284 AD) divided the Roman Empire into east and west. Review: Fall of Rome. Constantine (312 AD) rejoined east & west; moved capital from Rome to Byzantium, renaming the city Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Review:Fall of Rome Roman emperor, Diocletian (284 AD)
divided the Roman Empire into east and west
Review:Fall of Rome Constantine (312 AD) rejoined east & west;
moved capital from Rome to Byzantium, renaming the city Constantinople
The Byzantine Empire western half suffered from invasion last Roman emperor ousted in 476 B.C. eastern empire became known as Byzantine
Empire
Emperor Justinian 527 Justinian (Byzantine
nobleman) took control of eastern empire
fought to regain control of Rome & Italian peninsula
called himself new Caesar & ruled like emperors of Rome
head of both church & state
exercised absolute power
Roman influence in Byzantine Culture Learning:
Byzantium valued Greco-Roman classical learning
Students learned Greek & Latin grammar, philosophy, read classic literature written by Greeks & Romans
Some Roman laws remained
Christianity - official religion
Rise of Constantinople
Justinian started public building projects:14-mile wall around citychurches (Hagia Sophia)courts, schools, &
hospitals
Markets offered trade goods from Africa, Asia, & Europe
Empress Theodora Justinian’s wife & advisor
(most powerful woman in Byzantium)
Met w/ foreign envoys, wrote to foreign leaders, passed laws, & built churches
Passed laws to protect women & grant them benefits
Justinian’s Code Some of Roman law continued in Justinian’s new
system of law. Legal system est. in Justinian’s Code served as
law in the Byzantine Empire for 900 years.
Justinian’s Code consisted of four works:1. The Code - contained 5,000 Roman laws2. The Digest - quoted & summarized opinions of
Rome’s greatest legal thinkers3. The Institutes - told law students how to use the laws4. The Novellae (New Laws) - presented all new
legislation
Justinian’s Code Practice Interpreting Justinian’s Code WS
Writing Prompt: What was the advantage of combining established Roman law with the new system of law in the Justinian Code?(Answer this question before you leave)
Impact on Russia Byzantium traded w/
Slavic peoples to north
Russian culture was created as Greek Byzantines interacted w/ Slavs
Slavic peoples - culturally similar but politically different communities
Impact on Russia: Trade
880 -city of Kiev settled on Dnieper River
People living in Kiev could sail to Constantinople to trade.
Location of Constantinople
Dnieper River
Impact on Russia: Politics & ReligionReligion:
957 - princess Olga from Kiev converted to Christianity
989 - grandson, Vladimir, converted entire population of Kiev to Eastern Christianity
Vladimir imported teachers from Byzantium to teach about new religion
Politics: Ivan III came to power in
Moscow – declared he would make Russia “third Rome” & took title “czar” (Russian for “Caesar”)
The Great Schism Christianity developed different religious
beliefs in eastern & western empires In 1054, the Pope (West) & Patriarch (East)
excommunicated each other (outcast from church)
Eastern (Greek) Church = Greek Orthodox Western (Latin) Church = Roman Catholic
Great Schism: Key Religious Differences
Greek Orthodox(East)
Roman Catholic(West)
Emperor claims authority over Patriarch & bishops
Patriarch & bishops share power & administer church as a group
Priests allowed to marry Divorce permitted in
certain cases
Pope claims authority over all bishops, kings & emperors
Priests may not marry Divorce not permitted