the botanical magazine, vol. 3 _ or, flo - william curtis
TRANSCRIPT
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Project Gutenberg's The Botanical
agazine, Vol. 3, by William Curtis
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Title: The Botanical Magazine, Vol. 3Or, Flower-Garden Displayed
uthor: William Curtis
Release Date: February 3, 2006 [EBook#17672]
Language: English
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*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG
EBOOK THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, VOL. 3 **
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THE
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;
OR,
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FLOWER-GARDEN
DISPLAYED:
IN WHICH
The most Ornamental Foreign Plants,
cultivated in the Open Ground, the
Green-House, and the Stove, areaccurately represented in their natural
Colours.
TO WHICH ARE ADDED,
Their Names, Class, Order, Generic and
Specific Characters, according to the
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celebrated Linnus; their Places of
Growth, and Times of Flowering:
TOGETHER WITH
THE MOST APPROVED
METHODS OF CULTURE.
A WORK
Intended for the Use of such Ladies,
Gentlemen, and Gardeners, as wish to
become scientifically acquainted withthe Plants they cultivate.
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By WILLIAM
CURTIS,
Author of the Flora Londinensis.
VOL. III
"The spleen is seldom
felt where Flora reigns;
The low'ring eye, the
petulance, the frown,And sullen sadness,
that o'ershade, distort,
And mar the face of
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beauty, when no cause
For such immeasurable
woe appears;
These Flora banishes,
and gives the fair
Sweet smiles and
bloom, less transientthan her own."
COWPER.
LONDON:
Printed by Couchman and Fry,
Throgmorton-Street,For W. CURTIS, at his Botanic-Garden
Lambeth-Marsh;
And Sold by the principal Booksellers
in Great-Britain and Ireland.
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M DCC XC.
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CONTENTS
[73]Monsonia
speciosa.
[74]Antirrhinum triste.[75]Potentilla
grandiflora.
[76]Epilobiumangustissimum.
[77]Centaurea
montana.
[78]Narcissus odorus.
[79]Lotus Jacobus.
[80]Spigelia
Marilandica.
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[81]Colutea
Arborescens.
[82]Lachenalia
Tricolor.
[83]Hibiscus Syriacus.
[84]Tussilago Alpina.
[85]Spartium Jungeum.
[86]Gladiolus
Communis.
[87]HyoscyamusAureus.
[88]Narcissus
Bulbocodium.
[89]Viola Pedata.
[90]Gorteria Rigens.
[91]Iris Susiana.
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[92]Saxifraga
Sarmentosa.[93]Sempervivum
Monanthes.[94]Sisyrinchium
Irioides.
[95]Geranium Radula.
[96]Lantana Aculeata.
[97]Fuchsia Coccinea.
[98]Tropolum Minus.
[99]Antirrhinum
Purpureum.
[100]Lathyrus
Tingitanus.[101]Alyssum
Halimifolium.
[102]Campanula
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Speculum.[103]Pelargonium
Acetosum.
[104]LysimachiaBulbifera.
[105]Tradescantia
Virginica.
[106]Iberis Umbellata.
[107]Cassia
Chamcrista.
[108]AnthyllisTetraphylla.
INDEX.Latin Names.
INDEX.EnglishNames.
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[73]
Monsonia speciosa. Large-flower'd
Monsonia.
Class and Order.
Polyadelphia Dodecandria.
Generic Character.
Cal. 5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala.
Stam. 15. connata in 5 filamenta.
Stylus 5-fidus. Caps. 5-cocca.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
M O N S O N I Aspeciosa foliis
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quinatis: foliolis bipinnatis,Lin.
Syst. Vegetab. p. 697.
MONSONIA grandiflora.Burm.prodr. 23.
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The genus of which this charming plan
s the most distinguished species, ha
been named in honour ofLady Ann
onson. The whole family are nativeof the Cape, and in their habit an
fructification bear great affinity to th
Geranium. The present species wa
ntroduced into this country in 1774, b
Mr. Masson.
We received this elegant plant just as i
was coming into flower, from Mr
Colvill, Nurseryman, King's-Road
Chelsea, who was so obliging as t
nform me that he had succeeded best ipropagating it by planting cuttings of th
root in pots of mould, and plunging the
n a tan-pit, watering them as occasio
may require; in due time buds appear o
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he tops of the cuttings left out of th
ground.
t rarely or never ripens its seed with us
Should be treated as a hardy greenhous
plant; may be sheltered even under
frame, in the winter.
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[74]
Antirrhinum triste. Melancholy or black
flower'd Toad-Flax.
Class and Order.
Didynamia Angiopspermia.
Generic Character.
Cal. 5-phyllus. Cor. basis
deorsum prominens, nectarifera.
Caps. 2. locularis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
ANTIRRHINUM triste foliis
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linearibus sparsis inferioribus
oppositis nectariis subulatis,
floribus sub-sessilibus.Lin. Syst.
Vegetab. p. 555.
LINARIA tristis hispanica.Dill.
Elth. 201. t. 164. f. 199.
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Receives its name oftriste from th
sombre appearance of its flowers; bu
his must be understood when placed a
some little distance, for, on a near viewhe principal colour of the blossoms is
fine rich brown, inclined to purple.
s a native of Spain, and of course greenhouse plant with us, but it must no
be too tenderly treated, as it loses muc
of its beauty when drawn up, it shoul
herefore be kept out of doors when th
season will admit, as it only require
shelter from severe frost, and that
common hot-bed frame will in generasufficiently afford it.
t flowers during most of the summe
months; as it rarely or never ripens it
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[75]
Potentilla grandiflora. Large-flower'd
Potentilla.
Class and Order.
Icosandria Polygynia.
Generic Character.
Cal. 10-fidus.Petala 5. Sem.
subrotunda, nuda, receptaculo
parvo exsucco affixa.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
POTENTILLAgrandiflora foliis
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Culture is well known to produce grea
alterations in the appearance of mos
plants, but particularly in those whic
grow spontaneously on dry mountainousituations, and this is strikingl
exemplified in the present instance, thi
species ofPotentilla, becoming in ever
respect much larger, as well as muc
smoother than in its natural state. Vid
Vaill. above quoted.
t is a hardy herbaceous plant, a nativ
of Switzerland, Siberia, and other part
of Europe, and flowers in July.
Linnus considers it as an annua
Miller, as a biennial; we suspect it to be
ndeed have little doubt of its being
perennial; having propagated it b
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parting its roots, but it may be raise
more successfully from seed.
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Though theEpilobium here figured ha
not been many years introduced into thi
country, it is a plant which has long bee
well known, and described.
Linnus makes it a variety only of th
pilobium angustifolium; Haller,
distinct species, and in our opinion, mosustly.
Those who have cultivated th
pilobium angustifolium have cause tknow that it increases prodigiously b
ts creeping roots. The present plant, s
far as we have been able to determin
from cultivating it several years, in ou
Garden, Lambeth-Marsh, has not shew
he least disposition to increase in th
same way, nor have any seedlings arise
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from the seeds which it ha
spontaneously scattered: we have
ndeed, found it a plant rather difficult t
propagate, yet it is highly probable thaat a greater distance from London, and i
a more favourable soil, its roots, thoug
not of the creeping kind, may admit of
greater increase, and its seeds be mor
prolific.
t is a native of the Alps of Switzerland
from whence it is frequently dislodged
and carried into the plains by th
mpetuosity of torrents.
t flowers with us in July and August
and being a hardy perennial, and perhap
he most elegant species of the genus
appears to us highly deserving a place i
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he gardens of the curious.
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[77]
Centaurea montana. Greater Blue-bottle
Class and Order.
Syngenesia Polygamia Frustranea.
Generic Character.
Receptaculum setosum. Pappus
simplex. Coroll radii
infundibuliformes, longiores,
irregulares.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
CENTAUREA montana calycibus
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t has been suggested by some of ou
readers, that too many common plants
ike the present, are figured in this work
We wish it to be understood, that theprofessed design of the Botanica
Magazine is to exhibit representations o
such. We are desirous of putting it in the
power of all who cultivate or amus
hemselves with plants, to becom
scientifically acquainted with them, a
far as our labours extend; and we deet of more consequence, that they shoul
be able to ascertain such as are to b
found in every garden, than such as the
may never have an opportunity of seeingOn viewing the representations o
objects of this sort, a desire of seeing th
original is naturally excited, and th
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We shall be thought, perhaps, too partia
o this tribe of plants, this being the fift
species now figured; but it should b
remembered, that as the spring does noafford that variety of flowers which th
summer does, we are more limited i
our choice; the flowers of this delightfu
season have also greater claims to ou
notice, they present themselves wit
double charms.
This species, which, as its name implies
possesses more fragrance than many o
he others, is a native of the South o
Europe, flowers in the open border iApril, is a hardy-perennial, thriving i
almost any soil or situation, but succeed
best in a loamy soil and easter
exposure. Varies with double flowers, i
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foliolis linearibus.Lin. Syst. Veg.
601.
LOTUS angustifolia, flore luteopurpurascente, inful S. Jacobi.
Comm. hort. 2. p. 165. t. 83.
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cuttings, seldom are fruitful."Miller'
Gard. Dict.
t continues to flower during the wholof the summer; as it is very apt to die of
without any apparent cause, care shoul
be taken to have a succession of plant
from seeds, if possible.
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[80]
Spigelia Marilandica. Maryland
Spigelia, or Worm-Grass.
Class and Order.
Pentandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Corolla infundibuliformis.
Capsula didyma. 2-locularis,
polysperma.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
SPIGELIAMarilandica caule
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tetragono, foliis omnibus
oppositis.Lin. Syst. Veg. p. 197.
Mant. 2. p. 338.
LONICERAMarilandica, Spec.
Pl. ed. 3. p. 249.
PERICLYMENI virginiani florecoccineo planta marilandica
spicata erecta foliis conjugatis.D.
Sherard Raii Suppl. p. 32.
Catesb. Carol. 11. t. 78.
ANTHELMIA Indian pink.Dr.
Lining. Essays Physical and
Literary, Vol. 1. and Vol. 3.
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This plant, not less celebrated for it
superior efficacy in destroyin
worms[A], than admired for its beauty, i
a native of the warmer parts of NortAmerica; the older Botanists, and eve
Linnus, at one time considered it as
honeysuckle, but he has now made new genus of it, which he has named i
honour of Spigelius, a Botanist o
considerable note, author of theIfagog
n yem herbar. published atLeyden i1633.
"This plant is not easily propagated i
England, for the roots make but slowncrease, so that the plant is not ver
common in the English Gardens a
present; for although it is so hardy as t
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endure the cold of our ordinary winter
n the open air, yet as it does not ripen
seeds, the only way of propagating it i
by parting of the roots; and as these dnot make much increase by offsets, s
he plants are scarce; it delights in
moist soil, and must not be ofte
ransplanted."Miller's Dict.
The scarcity of this plant, even now, is
proof of the justness of Mr. Miller'
observation; it is in fact a very shy plant
and scarcely to be kept in this countr
but by frequent importation.
t flowers in June and July.
Vid. Lewis's Mater. Medica.
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[81]
Colutea Arborescens. Tree Colutea, or
Bladder Senna.
Class and Order.
Diadelphia Decandria.
Generic Character.
Calyx 5-fidus.Legumen inflatum,
basi superiore dehiscens.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
COLUTEA arborescens arborea
foliolis obcordatis.Lin. Syst.
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The Bladder Senna, a native of the Sout
of France and Italy, produces
profusion of bloom from June to August
when its inflated pods please from thsingularity of their appearance; on thes
accounts, it is one of the most commo
flowering shrubs cultivated in garden
and plantations.
"It is propagated by sowing its seeds an
ime in the spring in a bed of commo
earth; and when the plants are come up
hey must be kept clear from weeds, an
he Michaelmas following they shoul
be transplanted either into nursery-rowsor in the places where they are designe
o remain; for if they are let grow in th
seed-bed too long, they are very subjec
o have tap roots, which render the
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To Mr. Lee, of the Vineyard
Hammersmith, the first, and as w
understand, the only Nurseryman as ye
n possession of this plant, which has buately been introduced into this countr
from the Cape, we are indebted for th
present specimen.
Mr. Jacquin, jun. who has figured an
described it in theActa Helvetica, give
t the name ofLachenalia, in honour o
Warnerus de la Chenal, a very eminen
Swiss Botanist, and the particular frien
of the late illustrious Haller. Our reader
should be informed, that it had beforbeen called by two other differen
names, viz.Hyacinthus orchiodes, an
hormium aloides, under the latter o
which it now stands in the 14th editio
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of the Systema Vegetabilium , as well a
hat ofLachenalia.
ts trivial name oftricolor it receivefrom the three colours observable in th
flowers; but it must be noticed, that it i
only at the middle period of it
flowering, that these three colours arhighly distinguishable; as it advances
he brilliant orange of the top flower
dies away; the spots on the leaves also
which when the plant is young, give
he appearance of an orchis, as
advances into bloom become less an
ess conspicuous.
Like most of the Cape plants, th
achenalia requires to be sheltered i
he winter; during that season it mus
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herefore be kept in a greenhouse, or hot
bed frame, well secured.
t flowers in the spring, but its blowinmay be accelerated by the warmth of th
stove, for it bears forcing well enough.
t is increased by offsets from the bulbs.
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[83]
Hibiscus Syriacus. Syrian Hibiscus;
commonly called Altha Frutex.
Class and Order.
Monadelphia Polyandria.
Generic Character.
Calyx duplex, exterior
polyphyllus. Capsula 5-locularis,
polysperma.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
H I B I S C U Ssyriacus foliis
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cuneiformi ovatis superne incise-
serratis, caule arboreo.Lin. Syst.
Veg. p. 630.
ALCEA arborescens syriaca.
Bauh. Pin. p. 316.
ALTHA frutex flore albo velpurpureo.Park. Par. p. 369.
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TheHibiscus syriacus, known generall
by the name ofAltha frutex, is a nativ
of Syria, and forms one of the chie
ornaments of our gardens in autumn; wview it, however, with less delight, as i
s a sure indication of approachin
winter.
There are many varieties of it mentione
by authors, as thepurple, red-flowered
white-flowered, variegated red and
white flowered, and thestriped
lowered, to which may be added
another variety, lately introduced, wit
double flowers: it varies also in itfoliage, which is sometimes marked wit
white, sometimes with yellow.
As from the lateness of its flowering
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arad.
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[84]
Tussilago Alpina. Alpine Coltsfoot.
Class and Order.
Syngenesia Polygamia.
Generic Character.
Receptaculum nudum.Pappus
simplex. Cal. squam quales,
discum quantes,
submembranace.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
T U S S I L A G O alpina scapo
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[85]
Spartium Jungeum. Spanish Broom.
Class and Order.
Diadelphia Decandria.
Generic Character.
Stigma longitudinale, supra
v i l l o s u m .Filamenta germini
a d h r e n t i a . Calyx deorsum
productus.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
S P A R T I U M junceum ramis
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oppositis teretibus apice floriferis,
foliis lanceolatis.Lin. Syst.
Vegetab. p. 643.
SPARTIUM arborescens,
feminibus lenti similibus.Bauh.
Pin. 396.
Spanish Broom.Park. Parad. p.
442. t. 443. fig. 4.
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Grows naturally in France, Spain, Italy
and Turkey; bears our climate extremel
well; is a common shrub in our nurserie
and plantations, which it much enlivenby its yellow blossoms: flowers fro
June to August, or longer in coo
seasons.
s raised by seeds, which generall
come up plentifully under the shrubs.
Miller mentions a variety of it, which, anferior to the common sort, does no
appear to be worth cultivating.
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[86]
Gladiolus Communis. Common Corn-
Flag.
Class and Order.
Triandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Corolla sexpartita, ringens.
Stamina adscendentia.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
GLADIOLUS communis foliis
ensiformibus, floribus distantibus.
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Grows wild in the corn fields of most o
he warmer parts of Europe, varies wit
white and flesh-coloured blossoms
ncreases so fast, both by offsets anseeds, as to become troublesome to th
cultivator; hence, having bee
supplanted by the Greater Corn-Flag, th
yzantinus of Miller, whose blossom
are larger, and more shewy, it is not so
generally found in gardens as formerly.
t flowers in June.
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[87]
Hyoscyamus Aureus. Golden-Flower'd
Henbane.
Class and Order.
Pentandria Digynia.
Generic Character.
Corolla infundibuliformis, obtusa.
Stamina inclinata. Capsula
operculata 2-locularis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
HYOSCYAMUS aureus foliis
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petiolatis dentatis acutis floribus
pedunculatis, fructibus pendulis.
Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 220.
HYOSCYAMUS creticus luteus
major.Bauh. Pin. 169.
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A native of Crete, and other parts of th
East.
"Flowers most part of the summer, buseldom ripens seeds in England; wil
continue for several years, if kept in pot
and sheltered in winter, for it will no
ive in the open air during that season; iplaced under a common hot-bed frame
where it may enjoy as much free air a
possible in mild weather, it will thriv
better than when more tenderly treated.
"It may be easily propagated by cuttings
which if planted in a shady border an
covered with hand-glasses, in any of th
summer months, they will take root in
month or six weeks, and may b
afterwards planted in pots and treate
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Grows spontaneously in Portuga
flowers in the open border about th
middle of May, is an old inhabitant o
our gardens, but, like the triandrus, inow become scarce, at least in th
nurseries about London; in some garden
n Hampshire we have seen it grow
abundantly: Miller calls it theHoop
etticoat Narcissus, the nectary, as h
observes, being formed like the ladie
hoop petticoats.
t certainly is one of the neatest and mos
elegant of the genus, is propagated b
offsets, and should be planted in a loamsoil, with an Eastern exposure.
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[89]
Viola Pedata. Cut-Leav'd Violet.
Class and Order.
Syngenesia Monogamia.
Generic Character.
Calyx 5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala,
irregularis, postice cornuta.
Capsula supera, 3-valvis; 1-
locularis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
V IO L Apedata acaulis, foliis
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pedatis septempartitis.Lin. Syst.
Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 802. Spec.
Pl. p. 1323.Gronov. Fl. Virg. ed.
2. p. 135.
VIOLA tricolorcaule nudo, foliis
tenuius dissectis.Banist. Virg.
VIOLA inodora flore
purpurascente specioso, foliis ad
modum digitorum incisis. Clayt. n.
254.
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This species of Violet, a native o
Virginia, is very rarely met with in ou
gardens; the figure we have given, wa
drawn from a plant which flowered thispring in the garden of Thomas Sykes
Esq. at Hackney, who possesses a ver
fine collection of plants, and o
American ones in particular.
t is more remarkable for the singularit
of its foliage than the beauty of it
blossoms; the former exhibit a very goo
example of thefolium pedatum o
Linnus, whence its name.
Miller, who calls it multifida from
former edition of Linnus' s Specie
lantarum, says, that the flowers are no
succeeded by seeds here, hence it ca
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only be propagated by parting its roots.
The best mode of treating it, will be t
place the roots in a pot of loam and boearth mixed, and plunge the pot into
north border, where it must be sheltered
n the winter, or taken up and kept in
common hot-bed frame.
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[90]
Gorteria Rigens. Rigid-Leav'd Gorteria
Class and Order.
Syngenesia Polygamia Frustranea.
Generic Character.
Receptaculum nudum.Pappus
lanatus. Coroll radii ligulat.
Calyx imbricatus, squamis
spinosis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
G O R T E R I A rigens foliis
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lanceolatis pinnatifidis, caule
depresso, scapis unifloris.Lin.
Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. 783.
Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 1284.
ARCTOTIS ramis decumbentibus,
foliis lineari-lanceolatis rigidis,
subtus argenteis.Mill. Dict. etIcon. t. 49.
ARCTOTHECA foliis rigidis
leniter dissectis. Vaill. act. 1728.n. 9.
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The Gorteria, of which there are severa
species, and most of them, like th
present, natives of the Cape, has bee
named in honour of David de Gorterauthor of theFlora Zutphanica an
ngrica; the trivial name ofrigens i
given to this species from the rigidity o
ts leaves, a term which it is sometime
apt to exchange for the more commo
botanic name ofringens; an instance o
such mistake occurs in the 6th edition oMiller's Gard. Dict.
The greenhouse, to which it properl
belongs, can scarcely boast a morshewy plant; its blossoms, whe
expanded by the heat of the sun, and it i
only when the sun shines on them tha
hey are fully expanded, exhibit a
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unrivalled brilliancy of appearance.
t flowers in June, but rarely brings it
seeds to perfection in this country, whics of the less consequence, as the plant i
readily enough increased by cuttings.
t requires the common treatment of greenhouse plant.
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[91]
Iris Susiana. Chalcedonian Iris.
Class and Order.
Triandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Cor. 6-petala, inqualis, petalis
alternis geniculato-patentibus.
Stigmata petaliformia, cucullato-
bilabiata.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
I R I S Susiana barbata foliis
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ensiformibus glabris, scapo
unifloro, petalis rotundatis.Lin.
Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. p. 88.
IRIS Susiana flore maximo et albo
nigricante.Bauh. Pin. 31.
The great Turkey Flower-de-luce.Park. Parad. 179.
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This species, by far the most magnificen
of the Iris tribe, is a native of Persia
from a chief city of which it takes th
name of Surfing; Linnus informs ushat it was imported into Holland fro
Constantinople in 1573.
Though an inhabitant of a much warmeclimate than our own, it thrives readil
n the open borders of our gardens; and
n certain favourable situations, flower
freely about the latter end of May o
beginning of June. It succeeds best in
oamy soil and sunny exposure, with
pure air moisture, which favours thgrowth of most of the genus, is injuriou
and sometimes even fatal to this species
As it rarely ripens its seeds with us, it i
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generally propagated by parting its root
n autumn. These are also usuall
mported from Holland, and may be ha
of the importers of bulbs at a reasonablrate.
Being liable to be destroyed by season
unusually severe, it will be prudent tplace a few roots of it in pots, either i
he greenhouse or in a hot-bed fram
during the winter.
t bears forcing well.
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[92]
Saxifraga Sarmentosa. Strawberry
Saxifrage.
Class and Order.
Decandria Digynia.
Generic Character.
Calyx 5-partitus. Cor. 5-petala.
Caps. 2-rostris, 1-locularis,
polysperma.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
SAXIFRAGAsarmentosa foliis
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radicalibus subrotundis cordatis
crenatis, sarmentis axillaribus
radicantibus, corolla irregulari,
racemo composito.Lin. Syst. Veg.ed. 14. p. 412.Suppl. p. 240.
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This species of Saxifrage differing s
widely from the others, both in its hab
and fructification, as to create a doubt i
he minds of some, whether it ought noo be considered as a distinct genus, is
native of China, and one of the man
plants which have been introduced int
our gardens since the time of Miller.
ts round variegated leaves, an
strawberry-like runners, the uncommo
magnitude of the two lowermost pendan
petals, joined to the very conspicuou
glandular nectary in the centre of th
flower, half surrounding the germenrender this species strikingly distinct.
t is properly a greenhouse plant; in mil
winters indeed it will bear the open air
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especially if placed at the foot of a wall
or among rock-work; but, in suc
situations, it is frequently killed i
severe seasons.
t flowers in May and June, but does no
produce its blossoms so freely as som
others.
o difficulty attends the propagation o
t, for it increases so fast by its runners
as to be even troublesome.
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[93]
Sempervivum Monanthes. Dwarf
Houseleek.
Class and Order.
Dodecandria Dodecagynia.
Generic Character.
Calyx 12-partitus.Petala 12.
Capsul 12. polysperm.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
S E M P E R V I V U M monanthes
foliis teretibus clavatis confertis,
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pedunculis nudis subunifloris,
nectariis obcordatis.Aiton. Hort.
Kew.
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t appears from theHortus Kewensis, th
publication of which is daily expected
hat the plant here figured was firs
brought to this country from the Canarslands, by Mr. Francis Masson, in th
ear 1777.
t is highly deserving the notice of thBotanist, not only as being by far th
east species of the genus, but on accoun
of its Nectaria; these, though no
mentioned by Linnus in his character o
he genus, have been described by othe
authors, particularly Jacquin and Haller
and though not present in most, and bufaintly visible in a few species o
Sempervivum, in this plant form
principal part of the fructification; the
are usually seven in number, but var
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from six to eight.
n the specimens we have examined, an
which perhaps have been rendereuxuriant by culture, the number o
stamina has been from twelve to sixteen
of styles, from six to eight; of flowers o
he same stalk, from one to eight.
t flowers during most of the summe
months, succeeds very well with th
common treatment of a greenhouse plann the summer, but does best in a dry
stove in the winter.
s readily increased by parting its roots.
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[94]
Sisyrinchium Irioides. Iris-Leav'd
Sisyrinchium.
Class and Order.
Gynandria Triandria.
Generic Character.
M o n o g y n a . Spatha diphylla.
Petala 6 plana. Capsula tri-
locularis, infera.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
SISYRINCHIUM iridioides foliis
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ensiformibus; petalis oblongo-
obcordatis, venosis; germinibus
pyriformibus, subhirsutis.
SISYRINCHIUMBermudiana.
Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 820. var. 2.
Spec. Pl. p. 1353.
BERMUDIANA iridis folio,
radice fibrosa.Dill. Elth. 48. t.
41. f. 48.
SISYRINCHIUMBermudiana
foliis gladiolatis amplexicaulibus,
pedunculis brevioribus.Miller's
Dict. ed. 6. 4to.
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On comparing the present plant with th
ermudiana graminea flore minore
c[oe]ruleo of Dillenius, both of which
have growing, and now in pots beforme, the difference appears so striking
hat I am induced with him and Miller t
consider them as distinct species
especially as, on a close examination
here appear characters sufficient t
ustify me in the opinion, whic
characters are not altered by culture.
t is a native of the Bermudian Islands
and flowers in the open border fro
May to the end of July; it is nouncommon to keep it in the greenhouse
for which, from its size &c. it is ver
well adapted; but it is not necessary t
reat it tenderly, as it will bear a greate
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degree of cold than many plants usuall
considered as hardy.
t may be propagated most readily bseeds, or by parting its roots in th
autumn; should be planted on a borde
with an eastern aspect; soil the same a
for bulbs.
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[95]
Geranium Radula. Rasp-Leav'd
Geranium.
Class and Order.
Monadelphia Decandria.
Generic Character.
Monogyna. Stigmata 5.Fructus
rostratus, 5-coccus.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
G E R A N I U M revolutum
pedunculis subbifloris, foliis
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multifidis linearibus scabris ad
oras revolutis, caule arboreo.
Jacq. ic. 133. collect. 1. p. 84.
GERANIUMRadula. Cavanill.
Diss. 4. p. 262. t. 101. f. 1.
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This is one of the numerous tribe o
Geraniums introduced from the Cap
since the time of Miller: it takes th
name ofRadula, which is the Latin terfor a rasp or file, from the rough rasp
ike surface of the leaves.
There are two varieties of it, a majoand a minor, which keep prett
constantly to their characters; and as thi
species is readily raised from seeds,
affords also many seminal varieties.
As a Botanist, desirous of seeing plant
distinct in their characters, we coul
almost wish it were impossible to rais
heseforeign Geraniums from seeds
for, without pretending to an
extraordinary discernment, we ma
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venture to prophecy, that in a few years
from the multiplication of semina
varieties, springing from seeds casually
or perhaps purposely impregnated withe pollen of different sorts, such a crop
will be produced as will baffle all ou
attempts to reduce to species, or eve
regular varieties.
Such as are partial to this tribe, will n
doubt wish to have this species in thei
collection; the blossoms are pretty, and
he foliage is singular, but it remains bu
a short time in flower.
t is readily propagated by cuttings.
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[96]
Lantana Aculeata. Prickly Lantana.
Class and Order.
Didynamia Angiospermia.
Generic Character.
Calyx 4-dentatus obsolete. Stigma
uncinato-refractum.Drupa nucleo
2-loculari.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
L A N T A N A aculeata foliis
oppositis, caule aculeato ramoso
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spicis hemisphricis.Lin. Syst.
Veg. ed. 14. p. 566.
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usually placed in the dry stove, to which
as it is seldom without flowers,
mparts great brilliancy.
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[97]
Fuchsia Coccinea. Scarlet Fuchsia.
Class and Order.
Octandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Calyx 1-phyllus, coloratus,
corollifer, maximus.Petala 4,
parva,Bacca infera, 4-locularis,
polysperma.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
F U C H S I A coccinea foliis
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particularly deserving of notice; the
somewhat resemble a small roll of th
richest purple-coloured ribband.
Though this plant will not succeed wel
n the winter, nor be easily propagated
unless in a stove, it will flower ver
well during the summer months, in good greenhouse or hot-bed frame, an
hough at present from its novelty
bears a high price, yet as it is readil
propagated, both by layers, cuttings, an
seeds, it will soon be within th
purchase of every lover of plants.
M r . Lee, of Hammersmith, w
understand first had this plant for sale.
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[98]
Tropolum Minus. or Indian-Cress.
Class and Order.
Octandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Cal. 1-phyllus, calcaratus.Petala 5
nqualia.Bacca tres, sicc.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
T R O P O L U M minus foliis
peltatis repandis, petalis
acuminato-setaceis.Lin. Syst.
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Vegetab. p. 357.
Indian-Cresses, or yellow Larke's-
heeles.Park. Parad. p. 280.
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As thePassiflora crulea, from it
superior beauty and hardiness, has in
great degree supplanted the incarnata
so has the Tropolum majus the minuswe have been informed indeed that
was entirely lost to our gardens til
ately, when it was reintroduced by Dr
J. E. Smith, who by distributing it to hi
friends, and the Nurserymen nea
London, has again rendered it tolerabl
plentiful.
Like the majus it is an annual, though b
artificial heat it may be kept in a po
hrough the winter, as usually is thvariety of it with double flowers; but a
t will grow readily in the open air, i
warm sheltered situations, it should b
raised on a hot-bed, like other tende
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[101]
Alyssum Halimifolium. Sweet Alyssum
Class and Order.
Tetradynamia Siliculosa.
Generic Character.
Filamenta qudam introrsum
denticulo notata. Silicula
emarginata.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
ALYSSUM halimifolium caulibus
suffruticosis, diffusis, foliis
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seed in one pot, as it spreads wide, but
may easily be reduced at any period o
ts growth, as it does not creep at th
root.
The specific description in theHortu
ewensis above referred to, admirabl
characterizes the plant, but surely at thexpence of its generic character.
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[103]
Pelargonium Acetosum. Sorrel Crane's-
Bill.
Class and Order.
Monadelphia Heptandria.
Generic Character.
Calyx 5-partitus: lacinia suprema
definente in tubulum capillarem,
nectariferum, secus pedunculumdecur ren tem. Cor. 5-petala,
irregularis.Filam. 10. in qualia:
quorum 3 (raro 5) castrata.
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Fructus, 5-coccus, rostratus:
rostra spiralia, introrsum barbata.
L'Herit. Geran.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
P E L A R G O N I U M acetosum
umbellis paucifloris, foliisobovatis crenatis glabris carnosis,
petalis linearibus.L'Herit.
Monogr de Geran. n. 97.
GERANIUM acetosum calycibus
monophyllis, foliis glabris
obovatis carnosis crenatis, caule
fruticoso laxo.Linn. Syst.Vegetab. ed. 14.Murr. p. 613. Sp.
Pl. p. 947.
GERANIUM Africanum
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frutescens, folio crasso et glauco
acetos sapore. Comm. prl. 51.
t. 1.
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Mons. L'Heritier, the celebrated Frenc
Botanist, who in the number, elegance
and accuracy of his engravings, appear
ambitious of excelling all hicontemporaries, in a work now
executing on the family ofGeranium
has thought it necessary to divide tha
numerous genus into three, viz.Erodium
elargonium, and Geranium.
T h eErodium includes those whic
Linnus (who noticing the grea
difference in their appearance, had mad
hree divisions of them) describes wit
five fertile stamina, and calls MyrrhinahePelargonium those with seven fertil
stamina, hisAfricana; the Geranium
hose with ten fertile stamina, hi
atrachia.
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[104]
Lysimachia Bulbifera. Bulb-Bearing
Loosestrife.
Class and Order.
Pentandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Corolla rotata. Capsula globosa,
mucronata, 10-valvis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
LYSIMACHIAstricta racemis
terminalibus, petalis lanceolatis
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Some Botanists, whose abilities w
revere, are of opinion that the trivia
names of plants, which are or should b
a kind of abridgment of the specificharacter, ought very rarely or never to
be changed: we are not for altering the
capriciously on every trivial occasion
but in such a case as the present, wher
he science is manifestly advanced b
he alteration, it would surely have bee
criminal to have preferred a namebarely expressive, to one whic
mmediately identifies the plant.
T heLysimachia bulbifera is a hardperennial, grows spontaneously in bogg
or swampy ground, and hence requires
moist soil. It flowers in August.
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[105]
Tradescantia Virginica. Virginian
Tradescantia, or Spiderwort.
Class and Order.
Hexandria Monogynia.
Generic Character.
Calyx triphyllus.Petala 3.
Filamenta villis articulatis.
Capsula 3-locularis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
T R A D E S C A N T I A Virginica
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erecta lvis, floribus congestis.
Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr.
p. 314.Sp. Pl. 411.
ALLIUM five moly Virginianum.
Bauh. Pin. 506.
PHALANGIUM EphemerumVirginianum Joannis Tradescant.
The soon-fading Spiderwort of
Virginia, or Tradescant hisSpiderwort.Park. Parad. 152. 5.
t. 151. f. 4.
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hings, both to me and others."
Tournefort afterwards gave it the nam
o fEphemerum, expressive of the shorduration of its flowers, which Linnu
changed to Tradescantia.
Though a native of Virginia, it bears thseverity of our climate uninjured, an
being a beautiful, as well as hard
perennial, is found in almost ever
garden.
Though each blossom lasts but a day, i
has such a profusion in store, that it i
seldom found without flowers throughe whole of the summer. There are two
varieties of it, the one with white th
other with pale purple flowers. The mos
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inferioribus serratis; superioribus
integerrimis.Linn. Syst. Veg. ed.
14. Murr. p. 589. Sp. Pl. p. 906.
THLASPI umbellatum creticum,
iberidis folio.Bauh. Pin. 106.
DRABA S. Arabis S. ThlaspiCandi.Dod. pempt. 713.
THLASPI creticum umbellatum
flore albo et purpureo. Candy-Tufts, white and purple.Park.
Parad. p. 390.
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A native of the West-Indies, and o
Virginia according to Linnus; no
common in our gardens, thoug
cultivated as long ago as 1699, by thDuchess of Beaufort; (vid. Hort. Kew.
unnoticed by Miller.
This species, superior in beauty to manof the genus, is an annual, an
consequently raised only from seeds
hese must be sown in the spring, on
hot-bed, and when large enough t
ransplant, placed separately in pots o
ight loamy earth, then replunged into
moderate hot-bed to bring them forwardand in the month of June removed into
warm border, where, if the season prov
favourable, they will flower very wel
owards August; but, as such seldom
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ripen their seeds, it will be proper t
keep a few plants in the stove o
greenhouse for that purpose, otherwis
he species may be lost.
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Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr.
p. 25.Hort. Kew. vol. 3. p. 25.
LOTUS pentaphyllos vesicaria.Bauh. Pin. 332.
TRIFOLIUM halicacabum. Cam.
Hort. 171. t. 47.
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No108
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An annual; the spontaneous growth o
Spain, Italy, and Sicily, flowers in the
open border in July, and ripens its seeds
n September.
Long since cultivated in our gardens, bu
more as a rare, or curious, than
beautiful plant.
ts seeds are to be sown in April, on
bed of light earth, where they are t
remain; no other care is necessary thahinning them, and keeping them clear o
weeds.
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73 Monsonia large-flower'd.
88Narcissus hoop-petticoat.
100 Pea Tangier.
75 Potentilla large-flower'd,
92 Saxifrage Strawberry.
94 Sisyrinchium Iris-leav'd.
80Spigelia, or Worm-grass
Maryland.
74 Toad-flax black-flower'd.
99 Toad-flax purple.
105 Tradescantia Virginian.
94 Tropolum, or Indian cress,small.
89 Violet cut-leav'd.76 Willow-herb narrowest-leav'd.
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