the border environment – from the outside in helmoed rőmer heitman
TRANSCRIPT
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The Border Environment – From the Outside InHelmoed Rőmer Heitman
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National and regional borders have two purposes: Protection and Control.
• Protection, to keep undesirable people and activities out. – Absolute protection is impossible, so the role of the national borders
is to serve as an obstacle to those people.
• Control, to monitor the flow of people and goods, to build a picture for planning purposes.– This also provides a filter to guard against unintended, potentially
harmful infringements.
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This may be an international border, but it is hardly an obstacle
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An Obstacle is only an obstacle if it is covered by observation and fire…..
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Smuggling has been good business for a long time….
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Those who cannot get through borders…go under them…..
From Egypt into Gaza…
…or from Mexico into the United States
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or over them…
Drug cartels and terrorists have used ultra-light aircraft, flying at night using a hand-held GPS….
…and some innovative Mexicans have turned to history to find a new delivery mechanism
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The World Narcotics Trade
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Counter-Narcotics Operations – Not Much Different to COIN
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‘Air Cocaine’
Mostly using small aircraft - sometimes a little overloaded, like this one that failed to take off in Costa Rica.
Larger aircraft are used to fly the product to Africa; mainly old airliners.
Some are used just on one-way trips; like this Boeing 727 in Mali.
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‘Go Fast’ Boats in the Caribbean – from rather basic to very modern
Hunted by helicopters...
…dumping cargo before being boarded
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The Next Stage – submersibles and towed ‘torpedoes’.
‘Torpedoes’ are towed submerged by fishing boats
Submersibles come in many shapes and sizes…
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And beyond, to the true submarine
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Illegal logging is major business in Africa, Asia and South America…
An illegal industry on a scale that is hard to believe passes unnoticed by authorities – Madagascar, Indonesia, Cameroon.
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…and the environmental damage is equally major.
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Illegal mining is another lucrative business – and just as damaging to the environment…
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Illegal mining is so lucrative that diamonds, gold and are flown out…in the DRC even Casserite ore
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Terrorism – increasingly transnational; and making common cause with crime
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And terrorists come in all shapes and sizes…
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Thank You
Questions?
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