the bokes creek watershed
DESCRIPTION
The Bokes Creek Watershed. Jamie Polzin, Catherine Eitel, and Archana Narain. Hypothesis #1. Increase in siltation decreases IBI levels. My Graphs. IBI, ICI, and Substrate in Relation to Siltation. Conclusion to my hypothesis. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Bokes Creek Watershed
Jamie Polzin, Catherine Eitel, and Archana Narain
![Page 2: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Hypothesis #1
• Increase in siltation decreases IBI
levels.
![Page 3: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
My Graphs
IBI levels in relation to siltation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 4 7
10
13
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19
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25
28
31
34
Av_IBI
Residue total non-filterable
![Page 4: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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100
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200
250
1 4 7
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Av_IBI
Av_IcI
Av_SUBSTRATE
Residue total non-filterable
IBI, ICI, and Substrate in Relation to Siltation
![Page 5: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Substrate in Relation to Siltation
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 340
24
68
1012
1416
18
Residue total non-filterable
Av_SUBSTRATE
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Conclusion to my hypothesis
My findings have supported my hypothesis. If silitation levels in the stream increase, IBI levels
will decrease. I have shown that silitation is a major factor in decreasing IBI.
![Page 7: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hypothesis #2My hypothesis is that the farming in
Scioto Bokes is increasing the nutrient enrichment in the stream.
![Page 8: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Vocabulary to Know• Eutrophication-Extra nutrients added to the
stream, causing the overgrowth of plants.
• Surface Runoff-Rainfall that drains into a water system
• Tillage-Cultivation of land or soil
![Page 9: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Nutrient Enrichment is the worst
cause of impairment
Graphs, Charts, and Data
![Page 10: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Graphs, Charts, and Data
Land Use in Each Sub Watershed
0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%
Sub Watersheds
Per
cen
t o
f L
and
Use
d
Agriculture
Urban
Forest
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Commercial/Industrial/Transportation
Deciduous Forest
Wetlands
Evergreen Forest
High Intensity Residential
Low Intensity Residential
Mixed Forest
Open Water
Pasture
Quarries/Strip Mines/Gravel Pits
Row Crops
Transitional
Urban Areas
Woody Wetlands
Land Use In Riparian Zone
![Page 12: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Agriculture vs. Total Nutrients
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Subwatershed and Percent of Area
Nu
trie
nt
Mea
sure
s
Ammonia Total
Total Nitrogen
Graphs, Charts, and Data
![Page 13: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Graphs, Charts, and DataPercent of Agriculture vs. Other Nutrients
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0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
SubWatersheds and Percent of Agriculture
Am
ount
of
Nut
rien
ts
NitrateNitrogen
UnIodizedAmmonia
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Conclusion to my hypothesis
I have concluded that agriculture is a major cause of excess nutrient enrichment in Scioto Bokes. I
have supported this by showing that there is more nutrient enrichment in areas with more agriculture, and in areas where there is less nutrient enrichment, there is less agriculture.
![Page 15: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hypothesis #3
My Hypothesis is that an increase in agriculture leads to a decrease in
QHEI (Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index).
![Page 16: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
QHEI
• Vegetation - to block the runoff and sediment.
• Cover - to keep the temperature cool and more oxygen flowing
• Substrate - to give the insects a home and help keep them safe. It also gives fish a safe place to lay eggs.
![Page 17: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
QHEI vs. Agriculture
• Relationship of QHEI and percent of agricultural land. • As percent of agricultural increases, QHEI value lowers.• As agriculture approaches the stream, value drops and
river can be contaminated.
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Av. QHEI vs. Agriculture
0102030405060708090
10050
010-
8750
030-
8150
060-
7950
070-
9960
010-
9260
010-
0060
020-
9570
020-
8470
020-
9570
030-
7970
030-
9570
040-
90Time and Location
QH
EI v
alue
0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%
Per
cent
of
Agr
icul
tura
l Lan
d
Av_QHEI
Ag
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Agriculture
• Most land is agricultural
• Not many forests or wetlands
• Therefore, not many rivers are clean.
![Page 20: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Forest vs. Agriculture
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
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0-7
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0-9
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0-8
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0-9
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0-9
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0-9
5
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0-7
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0-9
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0-7
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0-9
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03
0-0
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04
0-9
5
Time and Location
Pe
rce
nt
of
La
nd
us
ed
Ag
Forest
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Conclusion for my hypothesis
I have supported my hypothesis. When more and more land is being used for agriculture, the QHEI is reduced. This causes a decrease in the quality of the stream and threatens the animals that live
in it.
![Page 22: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusion
Overall, we conclude that the reduction of biodiversity in the Bokes Creek Watershed is
due to the agricultural practices along the banks. Excess fertilizer, animal waste, and silitation
particles enter the water through runoff. QHEI is impaired by the livestock and farming too close
to the water.
![Page 23: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Recommendations
• Riparian land should be restored and not used for farming.
• Livestock should not have access to the Riparian Zone.
• By practicing better farming methods, chemical, biological, and habitat qualities of the stream would improve.
![Page 24: The Bokes Creek Watershed](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56812bb3550346895d8ff0c5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)