The Black Death, The The Black Death, The Italian & Northern Italian & Northern

RenaissanceRenaissance

-Key Concepts--Key Concepts-

Key questionsKey questions

There are There are 33 questions that will be questions that will be asked during the course of the asked during the course of the lesson;lesson;

1.1. What is the “Black Death”?What is the “Black Death”?

2.2. What were the What were the consequences?consequences?

3.3. How did it lead to the How did it lead to the Renaissance?Renaissance?

The Plague ArrivesThe Plague Arrives

1. Possibly took two forms 1. Possibly took two forms –– Bubonic Bubonic PlaguePlague, spread by fleas/rats, or , spread by fleas/rats, or Pneumonic plague Pneumonic plague spread through germ spread through germ contactcontact

2. Started near the Black Sea and by 2. Started near the Black Sea and by 1351, almost all of Europe was infected1351, almost all of Europe was infected

3. Historians estimate that nearly 25 3. Historians estimate that nearly 25 million people died (1/3 of world million people died (1/3 of world population)population)

What were the What were the symptomssymptoms of the of the plague?plague?

Economic Impact of the Economic Impact of the Black DeathBlack Death

Financial business disrupted as Financial business disrupted as debtors died, creditors found debtors died, creditors found themselves without a way to get themselves without a way to get their money backtheir money back

Construction projects stopped, no Construction projects stopped, no labor forcelabor force

Whole families died, with no Whole families died, with no heirs, their houses: emptyheirs, their houses: empty

Cultural Impact – Cultural Impact – What Else?What Else? Education/culture suffered as Education/culture suffered as

universities and schools were closed or universities and schools were closed or even abandoned.even abandoned.

QUOTE (DO NOT WRITE) - "During this great QUOTE (DO NOT WRITE) - "During this great epidemic of death [in Tuscany] more than epidemic of death [in Tuscany] more than eighty died of every hundred, and the air eighty died of every hundred, and the air was so infested that death overtook men was so infested that death overtook men everywhere, wherever they might flee. And everywhere, wherever they might flee. And when they saw everybody dying they no when they saw everybody dying they no longer heeded death and believed that the longer heeded death and believed that the end of the world was at hand.end of the world was at hand.””

Discussion Question: What words in the Discussion Question: What words in the text illustrate the seriousness of the text illustrate the seriousness of the Black Death?Black Death?

Black Black DeathDeathRenaissance?Renaissance? Significant loss of life leads to Significant loss of life leads to

some changes in the late 1300ssome changes in the late 1300s

Decreased population allowed Decreased population allowed farmers to grow more foodfarmers to grow more food Food prices decline, people can spend Food prices decline, people can spend $ on other things$ on other things

Areas in Europe begin to Areas in Europe begin to specialize in products best suited specialize in products best suited for their environmentfor their environment

Forces regions to trade for the Forces regions to trade for the products they did not produceproducts they did not produce

A Writing TaskA Writing Task

"The Triumph of Death"The Triumph of Death””, by Pieter Bruegel reflects the social upheaval and , by Pieter Bruegel reflects the social upheaval and terror that followed the plague that devastated medieval Europe. terror that followed the plague that devastated medieval Europe.

With a partner, compose a short paragraph summary on the events in this With a partner, compose a short paragraph summary on the events in this painting. Use specific scenes from this image to construct your writing.painting. Use specific scenes from this image to construct your writing.

The RenaissanceThe Renaissance Means Means ““RebirthRebirth””

Rebirth of what?Rebirth of what? Culture, Art, Science, Ideas & Culture, Art, Science, Ideas & LearningLearning

Inspired by ancient Greek/Roman Inspired by ancient Greek/Roman cultureculture Grammar, poetry, history – The Grammar, poetry, history – The “Humanities”“Humanities”

Center of the Renaissance - ItalyCenter of the Renaissance - Italy Present-Day Italy divided into large Present-Day Italy divided into large city-states (see p. 436)city-states (see p. 436)

City-states became centers of City-states became centers of business/trade with access throughout business/trade with access throughout Europe/Middle EastEurope/Middle East

Catholic Church, Merchants and Artisans Catholic Church, Merchants and Artisans were the upper class and dominated were the upper class and dominated societysociety

Knowledge of the arts was a way to Knowledge of the arts was a way to display one’s wealthdisplay one’s wealth

HumanismHumanism Movement inspired by Roman/Greek Movement inspired by Roman/Greek CultureCulture

Went against church teaching, Went against church teaching, stressed individuality and human stressed individuality and human achievementachievement

Giovanni Boccaccio/Francesco Giovanni Boccaccio/Francesco PetrarchPetrarch Humanist authors that decided to write Humanist authors that decided to write in everyday language, not Latinin everyday language, not Latin

Secular WritersSecular Writers Catholic Church no longer served as Catholic Church no longer served as a source of stability/peacea source of stability/peace Focus was Focus was SECULARSECULAR or worldly vs. or worldly vs. traditional religious ideastraditional religious ideas

Idea of “Renaissance Man”Idea of “Renaissance Man” Educated, person of action, can Educated, person of action, can respond to all situationsrespond to all situations

Art and PatronageArt and Patronage Wealthy Italians willing to spend a Wealthy Italians willing to spend a lot of $ on artlot of $ on art Buyers of art, known as Buyers of art, known as patronspatrons, , typically were the rich, city typically were the rich, city governments, churchgovernments, church

In city of Florence, the In city of Florence, the Medici Medici familyfamily provided $ to provided $ to artists/intellectuals, etc.artists/intellectuals, etc.

Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

Characteristics of Characteristics of Renaissance ArtRenaissance Art Emphasis on the natural world, making as Emphasis on the natural world, making as

real as possible, focus on the individualreal as possible, focus on the individual

Perspective – creating 3D objects on flat Perspective – creating 3D objects on flat surfaces/showing balance on both sidessurfaces/showing balance on both sides

Architecture/Scenes from Greek/Roman Architecture/Scenes from Greek/Roman myths very popular (public buildings, myths very popular (public buildings, palaces, etc.)palaces, etc.)

Religious figures were shown but in a Religious figures were shown but in a “human” way“human” way

Renaissance Artists Research – p. Renaissance Artists Research – p. 443443

Artist Fields Artistic Achievements

Raphael

Leonardo da Vinci

Bramante

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Wall Walk DirectionsWall Walk Directions Label the station you are located at. Label the station you are located at. You do not have to write the question.You do not have to write the question.

Discuss the artwork in your small group.Discuss the artwork in your small group.

Complete all questions in full and Complete all questions in full and complete sentences.complete sentences.

Add details where necessaryAdd details where necessary

6 minutes at each station, do not waste 6 minutes at each station, do not waste time!time!

Reflection QuestionsReflection Questions Please answer in full and complete Please answer in full and complete sentences using the index card provided.sentences using the index card provided.

1. What difficulties do you think 1. What difficulties do you think Michelangelo faced as he painted the Michelangelo faced as he painted the Sistine Chapel?Sistine Chapel?

2. What was your biggest challenge as 2. What was your biggest challenge as you tried to recreate this scene?you tried to recreate this scene?

3. How did this simulation show 3. How did this simulation show Michelangelo’s brilliance and talent?Michelangelo’s brilliance and talent?

Reflection QuestionsReflection Questions Please answer in full and complete Please answer in full and complete sentences using the index card provided.sentences using the index card provided.

1. What difficulties do you think 1. What difficulties do you think Michelangelo faced as he painted the Michelangelo faced as he painted the Sistine Chapel?Sistine Chapel?

2. What was your biggest challenge as 2. What was your biggest challenge as you tried to recreate this scene?you tried to recreate this scene?

3. How did this simulation show 3. How did this simulation show Michelangelo’s brilliance and talent?Michelangelo’s brilliance and talent?

Northern RenaissanceNorthern Renaissance By the 1500s, ideas of the By the 1500s, ideas of the Renaissance reaching London, Paris, Renaissance reaching London, Paris, AmsterdamAmsterdam Spurred by trade and movement of Spurred by trade and movement of artists/scholars to Italy then back artists/scholars to Italy then back northnorth

Northern RenaissanceNorthern Renaissance Artists in N. Europe heavily Artists in N. Europe heavily influenced by Italianinfluenced by Italian

However, works reflected a more However, works reflected a more realistic view of humanityrealistic view of humanity E.G. Italian – Greek/Roman Gods, E.G. Italian – Greek/Roman Gods, Northern – depict real people as they Northern – depict real people as they really werereally were

Northern artists fused the everyday Northern artists fused the everyday with the religious through use of with the religious through use of symbolismsymbolism

Northern RenaissanceNorthern Renaissance Jigsaw ActivityJigsaw Activity Small groups will be asked to compose a Small groups will be asked to compose a short summary (4-5 bullet points) on short summary (4-5 bullet points) on Northern Renaissance Individuals. You have Northern Renaissance Individuals. You have 15 minutes to summarize your section then we 15 minutes to summarize your section then we will share on the whiteboard, each group will share on the whiteboard, each group (representative) will briefly present their (representative) will briefly present their findings. Please confirm your work with me findings. Please confirm your work with me before putting on the board.before putting on the board.

11stst step – read passage as a group, 2 step – read passage as a group, 2ndnd – – highlight important point, 3highlight important point, 3rdrd – finalize – finalize important points (5-6 of them)important points (5-6 of them)

Johannes Gutenberg, Erasmus, Sir Thomas Johannes Gutenberg, Erasmus, Sir Thomas More, William Shakespeare, Christine de More, William Shakespeare, Christine de Pisan, Albrecht Durer, Jan van EyckPisan, Albrecht Durer, Jan van Eyck

Northern vs. Italian Northern vs. Italian RenaissanceRenaissance Using your teammate, notebook/textbook Using your teammate, notebook/textbook

p. 437, complete the Venn Diagram p. 437, complete the Venn Diagram below by comparing/contrasting the below by comparing/contrasting the Italian and Northern Renaissance. Italian and Northern Renaissance.

Focus on the arts, writers, Focus on the arts, writers, philosophers, art/writing techniques & philosophers, art/writing techniques & subjectssubjects

The goal is to have 7-9 items in each The goal is to have 7-9 items in each portion of the diagramportion of the diagram

You have 20 minutes, please begin!You have 20 minutes, please begin!

Northern vs. Italian Northern vs. Italian RenaissanceRenaissance Exit Slip QuestionsExit Slip Questions

1. The printing press was a 1. The printing press was a significant technological achievement significant technological achievement that spread literacy and ideas that spread literacy and ideas throughout Europe. Are there any throughout Europe. Are there any inventions today that have inventions today that have transformed society like the printing transformed society like the printing press? Be specific and explain how.press? Be specific and explain how.

2. What contributions did writers 2. What contributions did writers and philosophers make to the Northern and philosophers make to the Northern Renaissance?Renaissance?