the big two questions every travel decision is a direct response to one of the following questions:...
TRANSCRIPT
The Big Two Questions
Every travel decision is a direct response to one of the following questions:Where do I want to go? (Asked by
vacationers)Where do I have to be? (Asked by business
travellers and visiting friends/ relatives)
Tourist Destinations Some destinations were not created as
tourist hot spots, but have become important tourist centers over the years; some examples include:Cities (Montreal, NYC, London, Paris, etc)Natural attractions (Niagara Falls, Grand
Canyon)Specifically developed destinations
(Caribbean resorts, Disney, Canada’s Wonderland)
Five Necessary Components of a Tourist Destination1. Natural resources – water, mountains,
etc. with the beauty to attract visitors2. Infrastructure – utilities, roads, water, etc
to support hotels, restaurants, shops3. Superstructure – buildings, hotels,
restaurants, gift shops that are man-made specifically to attract people
4. Transportation systems – docks, airports, etc. which rely on infrastructure and superstructure
5. Hospitality of the hosts – social & political climate, local culture, etc. which make visitors feel welcome
What motivates people to travel?1. Recreation2. Culture (i.e. museums, art galleries,
historic sites)3. Nature4. Educational value5. Events6. Health/fitness7. Religion8. Friends & relatives9. Business
Steps in Tourism Development & Planning Define goals and objectives Identify the tourism system and plan for
development; look ata) Resources availableb) Organizations that can helpc) Markets you wish to serve
Generate and develop different options Select an option and implement it Monitor and evaluate
Destination Development StagesPlanning
There are 5 main components in the planning stage
1. Market analysis
2. Site assessment
3. Financial studies
4. Environmental impact
5. Social impact studies
Development stages – cont’d.
DevelopmentThere are three types of development:
1. Integrated (uses multiple types of development)
2. Catalytic (one development project leads to another project)
3. Coattail (development found near existing natural or cultural attractions)
Organizations Involved in Development Government
Why? Because tourism is an important source of revenue for governments
World Tourism OrganizationWhy? To improve people’s access to education
and culture and to raise standards of living in developing countries
National Tourism OrganizationsWhy? To promote home countries as tourist
destinations
Organizations cont’d
Provincial and Local Tourism OrganizationsWhy? Revenue and to encourage economic
development
Life Cycle of Destinations Inception: Destination is discovered
Growth: Popularity increases, building begins
Maturity: Facilities and services become standardized; local population depends on tourism
Decline: Oversaturation; carrying capacity has been reached
Economic Impact Multiplier effect- - tourist dollars pay
wages of local workers who then put that money back into the economy (i.e. rent, groceries, etc)
Leakage – money that leaves the area due to goods and services that need to be imported
Invisible export – source of foreign currency
Balance of payments – exports & imports, Canada usually negative balance
Social Impact
Population growth Changing employment
patterns Increased incomes Rising property value Resentment
Cultural Impacts
Demonstration effect Trinketization Sustains traditional arts and crafts Ethnic preservation Invasion of privacy
Environmental Impacts Stress on environment
– pollution, overcrowding, traffic congestion.
Lead to improved infrastructure Help save threatened species