THE BENGAL TIGER

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Bengal TigerTigers are the largest members of the cat family and are renowned for their power and strength.Over the last 100 years, hunting and forest destruction have reduced tiger populations from hundreds of thousands of animals to perhaps fewer than 2,500.Tigers are hunted as trophies, and also for body parts that are used in traditional Chinese medicine.Did you know?A tiger's roar can be heard as far as 3 km awayLocation: India, Bangladesh, Nepal, BhutanAn Economic-Managerial Approach.

Green roof/ facades designHomeINSULATION

Energy efficiency

Thermal BridgesRoofExternal cornerWindows FramesBasement Energy efficiency

Roof and wallBalconyEnergy efficiency

Calculation of investments and returnsHomeGain of the insulation80% of energy savedWall95%Ground floor 70%Roof 75%Doors 90%Energy efficiency

Location: Zirmunu str. 116, Vilnius build in 1968 complex of 8 multistory buildings concrete prefabricated apartment bloc- 5 story building, accommodate 30 flats has no former refurbishments 468 m2 ground floor- 1600 m2 surface of external walls- 430 m2 surface roof- no insulation bad U-values good S-W orientation

AnalyseSustainable design & construction

Ways WE can minimize the CO2 emissions: Highly insulate external wallsBetter insulation of the roof (&green roof)Windows replaced with triple glazing onesInsulation of ground floor slabEliminate air leakagesHeating system upgradedUse renewable energy (rainwater collector)Each apartment is provided with area for growing vegetables

Sustainable design & construction

VENTILATED FAADE SYSTEMSustainable design & constructionConcept less is more Less raw material - less energy - less waste

Thin as glass, light as a shell, durable as stone, strong as concrete, universal as wood

Combines cement, water cellulose, textile fibers and airLighter, thinner and stronger materials

Sustainable design & constructionAdvantages:

-lighter, thiner and stronger -low energy production process -high performance composite -excelent fire protection-frost proof-resistant to fungi and insects-minimal or no maintenance-resisting moisture and humidity-prevent internal condensation- UV coating can offer good protection against graffiti- remove 100% of the fibre cement waste- reduces the carbon footprint of fibre cement products- long life cycle that can resist up to 60 years

Disadvantages: -not 100% recyclable-can be hard to make changes to the boards on site because it is easily damaged

Sustainable design & construction

Sustainable design & construction- Wall to panel construction- A subconstruction is needed - Between the vertical profiles is space for insulation- The insulation is securely fixed to the structure with special fastenings-To help eliminate the bridge from metal to the structure, plastic wall brackets are installed- The cavity permit air movement and water drainage- Always leave 20 mm gap for thermal movement of aluminum

Sustainable design & construction

Fixing detailsSustainable design & construction

Sun analyse

Glazed sliding balcony doors on south faade to get more natural lightCommon green area located southOrientation of the building not very adequate for usage of solar pannelsSustainable design & construction

-bigger kitchen connected with the day zone

-open living room

-modernized bathrooms

-posibility to open the balcony and bring the exterior inside

-larger balconyGrowing vegetables place

Sustainable design & constructionBalconies - improve health with fresh vegetables - save money on groceries- reduce environmental impact - enjoy bettter-tasting food- no worries about food safety- reduce food wasteAGENDAWHY this topic ?High diffusion of Refurbishment actionsClients demand about reduction and sustainable energyMajor attention to ecological buildings 2. An ECONOMIC MANAGERIAL approach: SWOT ANALYSISGreen roof/Facades designThe Two Dimensions

Green RoofsFaades Green roof/Facades design A strategic planning tool that analyzes a decisional problem from different sides : Internal (Strenghts and Weaknesses) External (Threats and Opportunities)The SWOT Analysis isGreen roof/Facades designThe SWOT MatrixINTERNAL FACTORSSTRENGHTSTechnological skillsLeading BrandsDistribution ChannelsCustomer Loyalty RelationshipsProduction qualityScaleManagementWEAKNESSESAbsence of Important SkillsWeak BrandsPoor access to distributionLow custoimer retentionUnreliable product/serviceSub scaleManagementEXTERNAL FACTORSOPPORTUNITIESChanging Customer TastesTechnological AdvancesChanges in Governmental PoliticsLower Personal TaxesChange in population ageNew Distribution ChannelsTHREATSChange customer baseTechnological advancesChanges in Governmental PoliticsTax IncreasesChange in population ageNew Distribution ChannelsGreen roof/Facades designSTRENGHTSTechnological skills: - New systems and technologies in the Refurbishment Leading BrandsDistribution Channels - Increasing interest in 0 km availability of sustainable materials ( plants and vegetables )Customer Loyalty RelationshipsResults quality: - Attenuation of rainwater run-off - Improved Thermal Stability and Energy Conservation - Enhanced air quality - Integration with the environment - Wild life Habitat and Open Space - Contribution to sustainable development - Noise pollution prevention - Magnetic waves pollution preventionScaleManagement Green roof/Facades designOPPORTUNITIESChanging Customer TastesReduction of energy consumptionSustainable energy productionMechanical Ventilation in all wet rooms and kitchensGood orientation of facades and roofs for better insulationSustainable building material and constructionsWater recycling and collection systemTo obtain prescriptive, financial and economics benefitsTechnological AdvancesNew genders of plants and vegetables suitable for green roofs and facadesChanges in Governmental PoliticsMajor attention to ecological buildings Lower Personal TaxesFiscal facilitations for owners Financial facilities for refurbishment oriented to green economyChange in population ageNew Distribution Channels Green roof/Facades design

WEAKNESSESAbsence of Important Skills:Poor competence of enterprises in charge to apply new technologies on GR and FAs the instalment and the assembly has to be applied by local and Small Enterprises this reduce the competencies available for good performancesWeak BrandsPoor access to distributionLow customer retentionUnreliable product/serviceBad orientation and poor exposition of facades and roofs for insulation

Sub scale The dissemination of the buildings refurbishment owing to the in progress crisis didnt reach a minimum scale to reduce costsManagement High costs of installationHigh Maintenance costs increasing with the ageing of roofs and facadesGreen roof/Facades design

THREATSChange customer baseThe small property of buildings diminishes owing to the economic crisis and the big owners didnt perceive ecological investments as convenientTechnological advances Scientific researches demonstrated that Green Roofs and Facades didnt fulfil expected results in ecological fieldChanges in Governmental PoliticsOwing to a worsening of economic crisis the government ends or cancel facilitations for ecological interventions on buildings Tax IncreasesIncrease of taxes on the properties owing to the increase of building value consequent to the appliance of Green Roofs and Facades considered a luxury indexChange in population ageNew Distribution ChannelsManagementDiffusion of new plant disease that destroys the plantsNeeds of expensive products to treat plants against new type of diseaseGreen roof/Facades designConclusions

Financial IncentivesGreen roof/Facades designThe green space environment including natural and urban green space are indispensable to human life and its existence. It can be regarded as an ecosystem connection between components and the green space environment, soil, water, vegetation, weather and topography, which are essential for the development and conservation studies of green space.Human environmentLandscape/Urban planning

Water collector tank - Rainwater Harvesting Systems

Rainwater harvesting is simply collecting rain which falls on the roof, then storing it and using it as a free resource.

Advantages : Saves money by reducing water usage.

A volume of water is kept out of the storm-water management system there by helping to reduce flooding risks.

Rainwater is better for the garden as it has a balanced ph and is free of chemicals such as chlorine.

Landscape/Urban planning

Our proposal Water collector (Model: Sanilift SL-3A "EBARA)Characteristics:

Water tank of 2000 liter volume

Two pumps with a power of 1.1 kW each

Filter

Connected with to the irrigation system and the supply chain of green houseLandscape/Urban planningGreen house Food productionA greenhouse is a building made of glass or plastic that traps the sun's ultraviolet rays, providing a warm environment for plants to grow.

The greenhouse simulates a warm, spring- to summer-like environment that protects plants from hot or cold shifts in temperature.

We can control everything about plants, including the temperature, shade, and watering.

Fresh food in your backyard

X - Greenhouses cost a lot of money

Landscape/Urban planningOur Green HouseLength: 30 metersWidth: 12 metersCapacity: 14 individual unitsEach unit have: 20 m

Characteristics:

Structure made in steel and security glass;

System of heating and cooling, with a central air conditioning and individual temperature regulators in each unit;

Natural ventilation;

Automatic water supply;Landscape/Urban planningParkingSolutions/ examples:

More Trees(Bluewater shopping center on the outskirts of London. - At Bluewater, there are two trees for every three cars.)

Technologies Solar panels Lot 59 is a project covered with giant solar panels the sports stadium parking of Arizona State University. They can produce 2.2 megawatts of electricity per year, enough to power 550 houses.

Landscape/Urban planningParking - remodelling

Changes:

The parking has a capacity of 11 seats and after the remodelation will supply 30 seats.

To create a more natural environment along the parking spaces we chose to plant more treesWith remodeling now have a place for each apartmentLandscape/Urban planning

Site planLandscape/Urban planningEconomic Analysis4 steps :1. Estimation of costs2.Definition of the total investment3.Individuation of Pay back time4. Calculation of the economic perfomance indicatorsOutlinesCalculation of investment and returns1.Estimation of costsCalculation of investment and returnsItemsUnit cost ( )Cost for unit (/m )Quantity (m )Total costs ( )Maintenance Costs in ten years ( )Demolion of walls23,41543603,60Ground floor slab insulation15,6043111033,60Windows in the basement234,00102340,0033,00Replacement of Windows480,004019200,0067,00386,003011580,0060,00Door to go on the balcony631,004025240,0088,00New Balconies340,00332112880,0064,00Balconies green supports11,208008960,00Cladding for exterior walls40,00160080800,00Insulation of the outside walls6,70160025920,00Replacement of Internal Doors308,70309261,0045,00Tiles floor finish7,0022,5377,50Wood floor finish5,5017509625,00Ceramic Tiles bathroom 6,50104676,00Interior paint5,0016008000,00Entrance in metal11,202402688,00Replacement of External Doors610,0021220,0045,00Insulation of roof24,3145010939,50Green Roof52,1745023476,51173,8Curtain Walls4300,0028600,00Rain water harvesting system12481,261123,00Remodelling the parking20000,00Green House57000,006526,00TOT. 385298,3609224,80The total cost is 394.523 EURThe following table summarized the situation on the finances

The total investment is 236.713 EUR

2.Total InvestmentCalculation of investment and returnsDescriptionPercentageValueInitial contribution (own fund)10%39.452 EURSubsidy by the government15%59.178 EURFunded by EU with Jessica15%59.178 EURTotal funding157.808 EUR181367.81 EURThe 236.713 EUR is financed by the bank with a loan of 20 years and interest rate of 3%,the present value of the total investment is

Calculation of investment and returnsThe Pay Back period expresses the time necessary to return the capital invested.The price of the Energy is 0.085 /KWh

3.Individuation of Pay Back Period

Calculation of investment and returnsTotal ConsumptionCost for m a yearNot renovated house143.46 KWh/m/y12,19 EURRenovated house19.82 KWh/m/y

1.68 EURDifference123.64 KWh/m/y

10.51 EURAll Building2250mYearsEnergy Saved (KWh)Price of Energy (/KWh)Cost Saving (/year)Discounted Cost Saving ( )Amount saved over the years Cost Investiment ( )02013123,640,08523646,1523646,1523646,15181367,8112014123,640,08924828,4623204,1746850,32181367,8122015123,640,09426069,8822770,4469620,76181367,8132016123,640,09827373,3722344,8391965,59181367,8142017123,640,10328742,0421927,17113892,75181367,8152018123,640,10830179,1521517,31135410,07181367,8162019123,640,11431688,1021115,12156525,19181367,8172020123,640,12033272,5120720,45177245,63181367,8182021123,640,12634936,1320333,15197578,7818136892022123,640,13236682,9419953,09217531,87181367,81102023123,640,13838517,0919580,13237112,00181367,81

Calculation of investment and returnsI hypothesize that the price of energy grow rate of 5%4. Economic Indicators

In this case have the return on investiment about 8 yearsVAN = 232504,04ROI = 128.19%

Net Present Value =Initial Investment + Sum of the Present Valued of the Estimated Energy SavingsNPV = 55.744

Return on Investment = Net Present Value/ Estimated Project costROI = 31 %

Calculation of investment and returnsThen I suppose that the price of energy decreases of the 5%All Building2250mYearsEnergy Saved (KWh)Price of Energy (/KWh)Cost Saving (/year)Discounted Saving ( )Amount saved over the years Cost Investment ( )0123,640,08523646,1523646,1523646,15181367,811123,640,08122520,1421046,8644693,01181367,812123,640,07721447,7618733,3063426,31181367,813123,640,07320426,4316674,0580100,37181367,814123,640,07019453,7514841,1794941,54181367,815123,640,06718527,3813209,76108151,30181367,816123,640,06317645,1211757,69119908,99181367,817123,640,06016804,8810465,23130374,22181367,818123,640,05816004,659314,85139689,07181367,819123,640,05515242,528290,92147979,99181367,8110123,640,05214516,687379,55155359,54181367,8115123,640,04111374,204122,53181732,11181368The cost of investment returns after 15 yearsCalculation of investment and returns4.Economic Indicators

Return on InvestmentROI = -14%Net Present ValueNPV = -26.008 Calculation of investment and returnsSince the project investment last 10 years,only in the first hypothesis the investment is convenient because the pay back period is 8 years.Calculation of investment and returnsConclusion

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