the austral realm (focus on australia) (chapter 11: 530-546)
TRANSCRIPT
THE AUSTRAL REALM(FOCUS ON AUSTRALIA)
(CHAPTER 11: 530-546)
MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES
• TERRITORIAL DIMENSION• RELATIVE LOCATION AND ISOLATION• PERIPHERAL DEVELOPMENT• HIGHLY CLUSTERED URBAN
POPULATIONS• CHANGING HUMAN GEOGRAPHY VIA
IMMIGRATION AND ACTIVISM• EXPORTERS OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
AUSTRALIA’SPHYSIOGRAPHI
CREGIONS
CLIMATE
BIOGEOGRAPHY
• A SUB-FIELD OF GEOGRAPHY- THE SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF FLORA AND FAUNA
• EVOLVED FROM THE OVERLAP BETWEEN GEOGRAPHY AND BIOLOGY
• ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT (1769-1859) IS RECOGNIZED AS THE FOUNDER
• SUB-DIVIDED INTO 2 MAIN BRANCHES:– ZOOGRAPHY– PHYTOGEOGRAPHY
• THE AUSTRALIAN REALM SERVES AS A “LABORATORY”-WHY?
AUSTRALIA
• A FEDERAL STATE SINCE 1901– COMPRISED OF 6 STATES AND 2 TERRITORIES
• POPULATION OF 19.9 MILLION– ABORIGINAL POPULATION OF 300,000– ARITHMETIC DENSITY OF 7/SQ MI– PHYSIOLOGIC DENSITY OF 106/SQ MI– GNP OF $24,920
• 85% URBANIZED• MAJOR URBAN CENTERS
– SYDNEY (4.1 MILLION)– MELBOURNE (3.4 MILLION)– CANBERRA (342,000)- CAPITAL (A CLASSIC
GROWTH POLE)
POLITICALDIVISIONS
SYDNEY
THE OUTBACK
• EXTENSIVE GRASSLAND PASTURES• SUPPORT ONE OF THE WORLD’S
LARGEST SHEEP AND CATTLE INDUSTRIES
• A FRAGILE ENVIRONMENT• OWNERSHIP ISSUES
THE INTERIOR
IMPACT OF FIRE IN NEW SOUTH WALES
BEACH ALONG AUSTRALIA’S EAST COAST
E.J. PALKA
SUGARCANE FIELD
TEA PLANTATION
NORTHQUEENSLAND
E.J. PALKA
E.J. PALKA
AUSTRALIA’S ECONOMY
• PRINCIPAL PATTERNS:– EXPORTS RAW MATERIALS– BASED HEAVILY ON THE PRIMARY
SECTOR ACTIVITIES – DEPENDS ON WORLD MARKETS
• IMPORT-SUBSTITUTION INDUSTRIES• SMALL DOMESTIC MARKET• TENUOUS TRADE LINKS WITH ASIAN
TIGERS
AGRICULTURE&
MINERAL RESOURCES
ABORIGINAL ISSUES
• POPULATION DATES FROM 50,00-60,000 YEARS AGO
• 1980s CAMPAIGN AGAINST MINING AND EXPLORATION OF TRADITIONAL LANDS
• 1992: ABORIGINES CAN CLAIM TITLE TO TRADITIONAL LAND
• 1993: NATIVE TITLE BILL• 1996: LEGAL REVIEW OF PASTORAL
LEASES• CURRENT LAND ISSUES• INDIGENOUS RIGHTS AND WRONGS
ABORIGINAL
CLAIMS
THE AUSTRAL REALM(FOCUS ON AUSTRALIA)
(CHAPTER 11: 530-546)