LTG Paul J. KernDirector, Army Acquisition Corps

June 19, 2001

LTG Paul J. KernDirector, Army Acquisition Corps

June 19, 2001

The Army Transformationand Challenges in the Objective Force

The Army Transformationand Challenges in the Objective Force

TACOM ArmamentRDEC/NDIA Symposium

TACOM ArmamentRDEC/NDIA Symposium

Report Documentation Page

Report Date 19JUN2001

Report Type N/A

Dates Covered (from... to) -

Title and Subtitle The Army Transformation and Challenges in theObjective

Contract Number

Grant Number

Program Element Number

Author(s) Kern, Paul J.

Project Number

Task Number

Work Unit Number

Performing Organization Name(s) and Address(es) Army Acquisition Corps

Performing Organization Report Number

Sponsoring/Monitoring Agency Name(s) and Address(es) NDIA (National Defense Industrial Association 2111Wilson Blvd., Ste. 400 Arlington, VA 22201-3061

Sponsor/Monitor’s Acronym(s)

Sponsor/Monitor’s Report Number(s)

Distribution/Availability Statement Approved for public release, distribution unlimited

Supplementary Notes Proceedings from Armaments for the Army Transformation Conference, 18-20 June 2001 sponsored byNDIA, The original document contains color images.

Abstract

Subject Terms

Report Classification unclassified

Classification of this page unclassified

Classification of Abstract unclassified

Limitation of Abstract UU

Number of Pages 23

WWII - Entry Into War Caused Rapid ChangeWWII - Entry Into War Caused Rapid Change

General Marshall’s Dilemma - What to Build?

Heavy Tank - survivable, poor deployability Light Tank - Deployable, poor survivability

General Marshall’s Dilemma - What to Build?

Heavy Tank - survivable, poor deployability Light Tank - Deployable, poor survivability

TF Smith - A Failure to ChangeTF Smith - A Failure to Change

US Weapons Ineffective Against T- 34

Lack of Ammunition 6 HEAT Rounds No Anti-tank Mines

Poor Communications Wet Radios Land Lines Cut by T34 Tracks

150/540 Americans died/wounded/missing

US Weapons Ineffective Against T- 34

Lack of Ammunition 6 HEAT Rounds No Anti-tank Mines

Poor Communications Wet Radios Land Lines Cut by T34 Tracks

150/540 Americans died/wounded/missing

Desert Storm - The Enemy ChangedDesert Storm - The Enemy Changed

Right Tank - Wrong War

A Cold War Force Fights in the Desert

Right Tank - Wrong War

A Cold War Force Fights in the Desert

Other Reasons We Must ChangeOther Reasons We Must Change

SomaliaSomalia

HaitiHaiti

ZaireZaireKosovoKosovo

The Army TransformationThe Army Transformation

...Responsive, Deployable, Agile, Versatile, Lethal, Survivable, Sustainable.

...Responsive, Deployable, Agile, Versatile, Lethal, Survivable, Sustainable.

LegacyForceLegacyForce

Objective ForceObjective Force

InterimForceInterimForce

Sustain & RecapitalizeSustain & Recapitalize

R&D and ProcurementR&D and Procurement

20002000

InterimBCT

InterimBCT

20032003First Unit,

Equipped ObjectiveFirst Unit,

Equipped Objective

FORCE

FORCE

TransformTransform

TransformTransform

TechSolutions

TechSolutions

OBJECTIVE

OBJECTIVE

S&TS&T

InterimInterim

RebuildRebuild Selected UpgradeSelected Upgrade

One Outcome:One Outcome:

Technology InsertionTechnology Insertion

Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard

Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard

Upgrade WarfightingCapability

Upgrade WarfightingCapability

Two Paths:Two Paths:AIM XXI*UH-60ACH-47DM9 ACE

M88A1BRADLEY A2

PATRIOTHEMTT

SEEFIREFINDER

ELEC SHOPSFAASV

SUSVD7 DOZER*

SCRAPER

Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard

Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard

Technology InsertionTechnology Insertion

M1A2 SEP*AH-64DUH-60MCH-47FAVLBHERCULES *BRADLEY A3**MLRS A1 * *M113 A3 *HEMTT ESPM915A4 *HMMWV

* Currently in production* Currently in production

Same Model-New Life

Same Model-New Life New Model-

New LifeNew Model-

New Life

Organic Depot End ItemOrganic Depot End ItemWorkloadWorkload

• Extended service life• Enhanced Capability• Reduced Operating and Support

(O&S) Cost• Improved System Reliability, Safety,

Maintainability, and Efficiency

Recapitalization ProgramsRecapitalization Programs

Interim Armored Vehicle (IAV)Performance Characteristics

Interim Armored Vehicle (IAV)Performance Characteristics

85 Percent PartsCommonality Across AllSystem Configurations

85 Percent PartsCommonality Across AllSystem Configurations

Remote Weapons StationMK 19/.50 cal Machine gunRemote Weapons Station

MK 19/.50 cal Machine gun

Roll-On/Roll-OffCapable With C130

Aircraft

Roll-On/Roll-OffCapable With C130

Aircraft

Low Acoustic SignatureLow Acoustic Signature

Command, Control,Communication and Computers,

Intelligence, Surveillanceand Reconnaissance System Architecture

Command, Control,Communication and Computers,

Intelligence, Surveillanceand Reconnaissance System Architecture

14.5 mm AP AllAround Armor

Protection

14.5 mm AP AllAround Armor

Protection

Superior Ride Quality/Low Interior Noise

Reduces Crew Fatigue

Superior Ride Quality/Low Interior Noise

Reduces Crew Fatigue

No Requirement For HeavyEquipment Transport

to The Battlefield

No Requirement For HeavyEquipment Transport

to The Battlefield

Run-Flat TiresRun-Flat Tires

5.7 Miles Per Gallon5.7 Miles Per Gallon

Low SustainmentCost

Low SustainmentCost

Self-Recovery Winch

Self-Recovery Winch

Fire Suppression SystemFire Suppression System

Combat Weight37, 796 lbs.

Combat Weight37, 796 lbs.

Transports 9-Man SquadTransports 9-Man Squad

60 mph maximum speed60 mph maximum speed

Infantry Carrier VehicleInfantry Carrier Vehicle

Reconnaissance VehicleReconnaissance Vehicle

Mortar Carrier VehicleMortar Carrier Vehicle

Command VehicleCommand Vehicle

Fire Support VehicleFire Support Vehicle

Engineer Squad VehicleEngineer Squad Vehicle

Medical Evacuation Vehicle

Medical Evacuation Vehicle

Anti-Tank Guided MissileVehicle

Anti-Tank Guided MissileVehicle

NBC ReconnaissanceVehicle

NBC ReconnaissanceVehicle

Mobile Gun SystemMobile Gun System

IAV Variants and ConfigurationsIAV Variants and Configurations

Future Combat SystemsInnovative Concepts for Objective Force

Future Combat SystemsInnovative Concepts for Objective Force

How Should We Organize to Accomplish This?

How Should We Organize to Accomplish This?

System of SystemsSystem of SystemsSystem OptimizationSystem Optimization VS.VS.

Small Unit UAVSmall Unit UAV

Other Layered Sensors

Other Layered Sensors

Robotic Direct FireRobotic Direct Fire

Robotic NLOS FireRobotic NLOS Fire

Robotic SensorRobotic Sensor

Manned C2/Infantry SquadManned C2/Infantry Squad

Network Centric

Force

Network Centric

Force

Distributed FireMechanisms

Distributed FireMechanisms

•Emerging Ideas– 5 -19 Ton Vehicles– Organic UAVs– Focus on BLOS/NLOS Engagements– Multi-layered Sensor Suites– Robust Communications Networks– Robotics Play a Key Role– Level of Risk Varies

•Emerging Ideas– 5 -19 Ton Vehicles– Organic UAVs– Focus on BLOS/NLOS Engagements– Multi-layered Sensor Suites– Robust Communications Networks– Robotics Play a Key Role– Level of Risk Varies

DARPA FCS Design Concept PhaseContractors’ Progress

DARPA FCS Design Concept PhaseContractors’ Progress

Objective ForceArmy Science Board S&T Assessment

Objective ForceArmy Science Board S&T Assessment

* Pacing Technologies* Pacing Technologies

02468

101214161820222426283032

FY

01

FY

02

FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

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FY

20

FY

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FY

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50%50%

9%9%

41%41%FCS FCS TechTech

DecisionDecision

BeginBeginFieldingFielding

OBJ OBJ ForceForce

IOCIOCOBJ OBJ ForceForce

Available < 2006 16 of 32 50%Available 2010 - 2015 13 of 32 41%Not available until >2015 3 of 32 9%

*Robotic Follower Vehicles *Medium Caliber Cannon*Precision Attack Missiles*Networked Fires*Sensors (Infrared/Radar)*Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – Short Endurance*Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – Long Endurance*Embedded Training

*Hybrid Electric Diesel EnginesRobotic FiresNetwork Building BlocksCommunication SystemsBattle ManagementLogisticsSupply Chain ManagementHigh Reliability

Semi-Autonomous Robotic VehiclesFuture Tactical RotorcraftSensor FusionAutomated Target IdentificationUnmanned Aerial Vehicles – Mini/MicroHybrid Electric Fuel CellsWater from Fuel CellsSupershort Takeoff and LandingDirected Energy Weapons

Tactical AirliftNetworked TrainingWireless NetworkFull Mission Rehearsal

Autonomous RoboticsElectro Magnetic LaunchEmulation Training

Apr 03Apr 03 Apr 04Apr 04 Mar 06Mar 06

ConceptDesigns

Nov 00Nov 00 Nov 01Nov 01 FY 08FY 08 FY 10FY 10

T&EShakeout

PreliminaryDesigns

DetailedDesign

Build*TRD

Demonstrator SDD Production

Pre-SDD

Current FCS Program ScheduleCurrent FCS Program Schedule

Fire Support - The Path AheadFire Support - The Path Ahead

*350,000 Tons of Ammunition*350,000 Tons of Ammunition

* Source: Certain Victory - The U.S. Army in the Gulf War, by BG Robert H. Scales Jr., page 81

Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia

Reduced Ammunition Requirements Are Needed ToMeet Objective Force Deployment Timelines

Reduced Ammunition Requirements Are Needed ToMeet Objective Force Deployment Timelines

Unexploded Ordnance in The Gulf WarUnexploded Ordnance in The Gulf War

• Highly Successful Multiple Launch Rocket System Delivered “SteelRain”

• 9,660 Rockets Fired in Combat, Each with 644 M77 Antipersonneland Antimateriel Grenades

• A 5% Dud Rate ---> 311,052 Unexploded Grenades

• Compounded with Additional UXOfrom ATACMS, DPICM, ClusterBombs, TLAM-D, etc.

• Highly Successful Multiple Launch Rocket System Delivered “SteelRain”

• 9,660 Rockets Fired in Combat, Each with 644 M77 Antipersonneland Antimateriel Grenades

• A 5% Dud Rate ---> 311,052 Unexploded Grenades

• Compounded with Additional UXOfrom ATACMS, DPICM, ClusterBombs, TLAM-D, etc.

• Urban or Restricted Terrain

• Dismounted Infantry

• New Lighter Vehicles

• After 6 Years, Still No Self-Destruct Fuze

• This Must Be Solved on OBJ Force

Lethality Platforms

• Urban or Restricted Terrain

• Dismounted Infantry

• New Lighter Vehicles

• After 6 Years, Still No Self-Destruct Fuze

• This Must Be Solved on OBJ Force

Lethality Platforms

Impact of Unexploded Ordnance on Future WarfareImpact of Unexploded Ordnance on Future Warfare

TRACK DATACORREL

ATE

DETECT

SENSOR C2

SENTINELRADAR

SLEW

FAAD C3I

AVENGER

ENGAGEGUNNER’S VIEW

STC IS THIS

NOT THIS

Air Defense Target Acquisition To Target EngagementAir Defense Target Acquisition To Target Engagement

2 - 8 seconds

17 secondsEngagement

A 25 Second ProcessA 25 Second Process

Target Acquisition and Data Delivery to Avenger

IF AIR DEFENSE CAN FIRE ON TARGETIN LESS THAN 30 SECONDS, WHY CAN’T

WE DO THE SAME WITH INDIRECT FIRES?

IF AIR DEFENSE CAN FIRE ON TARGETIN LESS THAN 30 SECONDS, WHY CAN’T

WE DO THE SAME WITH INDIRECT FIRES?

Army BattlefieldCommandSystem

We Must Simplify Software ManagementWe Must Simplify Software Management

Needed: One Software Solution for ObjectiveForce Fires

Needed: One Software Solution for ObjectiveForce Fires

Legacy SoftwareLegacy SoftwareObjective Force SoftwareObjective Force Software

Other New Technologies for the Objective ForceOther New Technologies for the Objective Force

• Shoot on the Move Howitzer• Smooth Bore Howitzer• Missile/Gun Combination• Highly Precise Weapons• Fuzes with 99+% reliability• Design for Demil• Shelf-life Designed in

• Shoot on the Move Howitzer• Smooth Bore Howitzer• Missile/Gun Combination• Highly Precise Weapons• Fuzes with 99+% reliability• Design for Demil• Shelf-life Designed in

Innovative Concepts are NeededInnovative Concepts are Needed

• Eliminate Excess Parts• Reduce Size/Weight• Design In Reliability/Supportability

• Eliminate Excess Parts• Reduce Size/Weight• Design In Reliability/Supportability

Strategies I’m pursuing:• Expand Collaborative Efforts-Open Communications

• Provide Financial Incentives for Government Labs/Industry• Establish a DoD/Industry Activity to Exchange Best Ideas

. . . remember to keep soldiers involved

Strategies I’m pursuing:• Expand Collaborative Efforts-Open Communications

• Provide Financial Incentives for Government Labs/Industry• Establish a DoD/Industry Activity to Exchange Best Ideas

. . . remember to keep soldiers involved

The Secretary of the Army’s Four ObjectivesThe Secretary of the Army’s Four Objectives

• Invest in People

• Assure Readiness

• Transform the Entire Army

• Adopt Sound Business Practices

• Invest in People

• Assure Readiness

• Transform the Entire Army

• Adopt Sound Business Practices

“Regardless of the challenges, however, I will move forwardwith transformation, and so should everyone else in the Army . . .if there are disbelievers, they need to get on board."

Secretary of the Army Thomas E. White, June 12, 2001

1916-23