the analysis of refusal expression employed by the characters in the

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THE ANALYSIS OF REFUSAL EXPRESSION EMPLOYED BY

THE CHARACTERS IN THE AMERICAN TV-SERIES

ENTITLED ROYAL PAINS: SEASON 1, EPISODE 1-6

(A Pragmatics Approach)

THESIS

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement

For the Sarjana Degree in English Department

Faculty of Cultural Sciences

Sebelas Maret University

By

DWI RESTRI HANDAYANI

C1312004

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2015


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THE ANALYSIS OF REFUSAL EXPRESSION EMPLOYED BY

THE CHARACTERS IN THE AMERICAN TV-SERIES

ENTITLEDROYAL PAINS: SEASON 1, EPISODE 1-6

(A Pragmatics Approach)

THESIS

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement

For the Sarjana Degree in English Department

Faculty of Cultural Sciences

Sebelas Maret University

By

DWI RESTRI HANDAYANI

C1312004

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2015


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iii


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PRONOUNCEMENT

Name : Dwi Restri Handayani

Student Number : C1312004

Stated wholeheartedly that this thesis entitled The Analysis of Refusal

Expression Employed by the Characters in the American TV-Series Entitled

Royal Pains: Season 1, Episode 1-6 (A Pragmatics Approach) is made by the

researcher. It is neither a plagiarism, nor made by the others. The things related to

other people’s work are written in quotation and included within in bibliography.

If it is proven that this pronouncement is proved incorrect, the researcher is ready

to take the responsibility.

Surakarta, June 2015

Dwi Restri Handayani


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MOTTO

“If you can dream it, you can do it”

(Walf Disney)

“Berani bertindak belum tentu menjamin keberhasilan,

namun tidak bertindak sudah pasti menjamin kegagalan”

(Merry Riana)


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DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

My late Bapak, and my wonderful Bunda


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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, first and foremost, I would like to give praises

and thanks to Allah SWT for giving me strength and guidance to finish this thesis.

Further, this thesis would not be finished without any help from many people.

Thus, I would also like to express gratitude for many people who have helped and

supported me in finishing this thesis.

1. The Dean Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D,

for approving this thesis.

2. The Head of English Department and also my thesis supervisor, Drs. Agus

Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D., thank you for all your time to give me

suggestions, comments, and supports to finish this thesis.

3. My wonderful bunda, bunda Ndari, thank you for everything bun. The

endless love, care, supports and prayers. I will be thankful for praying and

supporting me both financially and spiritually during my study. Thanks also

for always remind me to finish it as soon as possible.

4. The late, bapak, all I want is to make you proud of me. I love you forever

and always.

5. My brother, mas Bintoro; my sister-in-law, mbak Asri; and my little sister,

dek Berta thanks for the motivation and prayers.

6. All lecturers and staffs in English Department, Sebelas Maret University for

the valuable knowledge and experince.

7. All my classmates in English Department Transfer Program 2012: Tika,

Monic, mas Arif, Iin, Nita, Tiwik, mbak Umi, Cahyo, Alin, Midud,


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Pipit,Galih, mbak Ika and Chika. I thank them for the help and experiences

throughout the years of my study.

8. My best friends, Dian and Cheva, thanks for the supports and prayers.

9. Everyone who always helps me and also supports me to solve my problem

during the process of writing this thesis. I am sorry that I cannot mention

one by one here. Thank you so much.

I realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Thus, any suggestions and

comments are needed to improve this thesis. Finally I really hope this thesis

will be useful for everyone who reads it.

Surakarta, June2015

Dwi Restri Handayani


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ........................................................................................... i

APPROVAL OF THESIS CONSULTANT ................................................. ii

APPROVAL OF THESIS BOARD OF EXAMINERS ............................... iii

PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ........................................................................................................ v

DEDICATION .............................................................................................. vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. ix

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................ xii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. xiii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

A. Research Background........................................................................ 1

B. Research Question ............................................................................. 4

C. Research Objectives .......................................................................... 4

D. Research Significance ....................................................................... 5

E. Scope Of Research ............................................................................ 5

F. Research Methodology...................................................................... 5

G. Thesis Organization .......................................................................... 6

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW

A. PRAGMATICS ................................................................................. 8

1. The Definitions of Pragmatics .................................................... 8

2. Context ........................................................................................ 9


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3. Speech Acts ................................................................................. 10

3.1 The Definition of Speech Act ............................................... 10

3.2 Direct and Indirect Speech Acts ............................................ 11

3.3 The Classification of Speech Act .......................................... 12

4. Speech Act of Refusal ................................................................. 14

4.1 The Classification of Refusal Strategy .................................. 14

4.1.1 Direct Refusals .......................................................... 14

4.1.2 Indirect Refusals........................................................ 15

4.1.3 Adjunct to Refusals ................................................... 16

5. Politeness Strategy ...................................................................... 17

5.1 Bald-on record Strategy ........................................................ 18

5.2 Positive Politeness Strategy .................................................. 19

5.3 Negative Politeness Strategy ................................................. 20

5.4 Off Record Strategy .............................................................. 22

6. The Factor Influencing the Choice of the Strategy ..................... 22

B. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES ................................................ 24

C. SYNOPSIS OF TELEVISION SERIES ........................................... 27

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Type of Research............................................................................... 29

B. Data and Source of Data ................................................................... 30

C. Sample and Sampling Technique ...................................................... 31

D. Technique of Collecting Data ........................................................... 31

E. Data Coding ...................................................................................... 32


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F. Technique of Analyzing Data ........................................................... 33

CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

A. Introduction ....................................................................................... 35

B. Data Analysis .................................................................................... 36

C. Summary ........................................................................................... 70

D. Discussion ......................................................................................... 75

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions ....................................................................................... 85

B. Suggestions ....................................................................................... 88

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES


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LIST OF TABLES

4.1 Table of Refusal Expression ................................................................... 71

4.2 Table of Politeness Strategy .................................................................... 72

4.3 The Factors which influence to the Use of Refusal Expression and Politeness

Strategy ......................................................................................................... 73


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THE ANALYSIS OF REFUSAL EXPRESSION EMPLOYED BY THE

CHARACTERS IN THE AMERICAN TV-SERIES ENTITLED

ROYAL PAINS: SEASON 1, EPISODE 1-6

(A PRAGMATICS APPROACH)

Dwi Restri Handayani1

Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D2

ABSTRACT This research is aimed to find out the refusal expression employed by the

characters in the American-TV Series Entitled Royal Pains: Season 1, Episode 1-

6. It is also to describe the politeness strategy employed by the characters and to

explain the factors of chossing certain strategy in expressing refusal.

This research uses pragmatics approach. It is a descriptive qualitative

research which applies purposive sampling technique in taking the data. The data

of this research are taken from the dialogues in Royal Pains season 1 Episode 1-

6which contain refusal expression. They are classified by using Beebe, Takahashi,

and Uliss-Weltz’s theory of refusal expression.

The research shows that there are three findings. First, there are three types

of refusal expression used by the characters to express refusal, namely direct

refusal, indirect refusal, and adjunct to refusal. Direct refusal consisting of non

performative statement, namely no and negative willingness/ability; indirect

refusal consisting of excuse, reason, or explanation, statement of alternative,

statement of principle, and statement of regret, and adjunct to refusal consisting of

pause filler.

The second finding reveals that there are four types of politeness strategy

which are employed by the characters to express refusal.They are bald on-record

(be direct), positive politeness (giving reason), negative politeness (questioning,

being pessimistic, apologizing, being conventionally indirect and using hedge),

and off record (giving hints and using contradiction).

The last findings shows that the use of certain strategy is influenced by

the factors of relative power, namely legitimate power and expert power, and

social distance. The speaker who has legitimate power and expert power tends to

express refusal directly. Moreover, the speaker who has close relationship to the

hearer will also be influenced to employ direct refusal expression by operating

bald on record strategy.

1 Student of English Department/ NIM C1312004

2 Thesis Supervisor

the analysis of refusal expression employed by the characters in the

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