the american vision founding documents and the american revolution
TRANSCRIPT
The American Vision
Founding Documentsand
The American Revolution
Bell Questions Name one of the sticking points of the Constitutional Convention. how many representatives in Congress to
allow each state What was one patriotic group that was
formed to fight the controls of Great Britain? Sons of Liberty or the Daughters of Liberty.
Which of the original thirteen states did not take part in the constitutional convention? Rhode Island
How many signatures are there on the Declaration of Independence?
56
When were the Articles of Confederation adopted? in 1781
What was written to win ratification for the Constitution in New York. The Federalists (Papers)
What branch of government takes up the largest portion of the Constitution? The Legislative
This Constitutional plan favored small states and wanted representation to be equal. The New Jersey Plan
What YEAR was the Declaration of Independence signed? 1776
What war ultimately lead us to Revolution? French and Indian war… AKA ???? Excr!
What was the Mayflower Compact? The first government and laws of the New
Colony. Who was the French and Indian war
between? French and British
How many people signed the Mayflower Compact? 41
Before Virginia would allow a constitution to be passed, they first had to pass what? The Virginia Declaration of Rights
How many states had to agree to be able to amend the Articles of Confederation? all 13 states
What is the primary law of the United States? The Constitution
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Quote of the Day
"We must all hang together, or, assuredly, we shall all hang separately." Benjamin Franklin at the signing of
the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776
No people will tamely surrender their Liberties, nor can any be easily subdued, when knowledge is diffused and Virtue is preserved. On the Contrary, when People are universally ignorant, and debauched in their Manners, they will sink under their own weight without the Aid of
foreign Invaders. Samuel Adams
“Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, 'tis time to part.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776
"We base all our experiments on the
capacity of mankind for self-government."
James Madison If Virtue & Knowledge are diffused
among the People, they will never be enslav'd. This will be their great Security.
Samuel Adams, letter to James Warren, February 12, 1779
No taxation without representation
James Otis
DDDDDDDd
This Day in History??
Anyone? Anyone?
Agenda Bells Reminder about Map!!! Test will be
the 5th of September (Thursday next week)
First Bell Quiz and Test this Thursday Notes Review close
map
Notes :Founding Documents
Mayflower Compact Signed by All 41 adult males of the
Mayflower First written laws for the new land
and guidelines for a government. 1620-1691
Notes
Free of English law A government from within
themselves -written by those to be governed
Notes Many refer to the Mayflower Compact as the foundation of the U.S. Constitution written more than 150 later.
It is a very religious document.
NotesVirginia Declaration of Rights
Written in early 1776 Inherent rights of men right to rebel against
"inadequate” government “the basis and foundation of
government" in Virginia.
Notes
Revolution To pay for the French and Indian War, Great Britain begins to tax the colonies more heavily.
French and Indian War??
French and Indian War Map in Motion
Declaring Independence!
Lets get thinking!
Why did the colonist become angry with Britain?
When is it acceptable to rebel against a government?
Notes: The French and Indian War leaves Britain
deeply in debt Britain feels the colonies should help pay for
the cost. The Proclamation of 1763
King proclaims no settlements west of the Appalachians.
Done in efforts to stop fighting with Native Americans
Stamp Act 1765
Notes Colonists united in their opposition to the
controls and formed patriotic groups such as the Sons of Liberty / Daughters of Liberty.
Colonists protested with pamphlets, demonstrations, boycotts, and even violence.
Objecting to the Stamp Act, representatives from nine colonies filed a declaration stating that only colonists' political representatives had the right to tax them.
Notes Colonial resistance and
increasing violence forces Britain to repeal many of the duties
Institute the tax on tea.
Notes British policies continued to undermine
colonial freedoms. Colonists formed committees of
correspondence to communicate with one another about British activities.
After the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts to punish Massachusetts. Do you remember from the video
what the Colonists called these acts?
Notes: In response, colonists formed the
First Continental Congress and organized a boycott of British goods. Continuing to defy Britain, Massachusetts created a provincial congress and militia. British control weakened as other colonies did the same.
The Revolution Begins
Notes: In April 1775, battles at Lexington and
Concord signaled the start of the war. the Second Continental Congress met and
formed the Continental Army Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense
convinced many colonists that the time had come to declare independence.
On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Independence.
States Map - Don’t forget!
NotesFounding Document: The Declaration of Independence
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America
Drafted by Thomas Jefferson between June 11 and June 28, 1776
most cherished symbol of liberty 56 signers “self-evident truths” grievances against the King
NotesArticles of ConfederationVideo Written July 12, 1776, framed
November of 1777 (passed by congress), adopted in 1781 (had to be ratified by ALL 13 states)
Charter or first "Constitution" adopted by the 13 states following the American Revolution.
need for unity among the new states
Notes gave the states as much
independence as possible limited functions of the federal
government Took time to pass because of the
Revolutionary War and disagreements between the states
all 13 states had to agree to any amendment
Notes "a league of friendship and
perpetual union." The central government was not
able to accomplish much As the need for a stronger federal
government began to be realized, leaders from throughout the states got together to decide how to create it.
Video
NotesThe Constitution
The Federal Convention convened in the State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787
Revise the Articles of Confederation
Video
Had to wait until May 25 for a quorum of seven states to arrive
They would draft an entirely new frame of government
Notes Sticking points
how much power to allow the central government
how many representatives in Congress to allow each state
how these representatives should be elected--directly by the people or by the state legislators.
Notes Oldest Delegate: Benjamin Franklin, 81 Youngest Delegate: Jonathan Dayton, 26 Average Age of Delegates: 42 The Constitution is the primary law of the
U.S. Describes the three branches of the
Federal Government - their functions and jurisdictions
lays out basic rights of citizens of the US Oldest Federal constitution in existence twelve of the thirteen original states took
part (not RI)
Notes Representation plans:
The Virginia Plan Favored large states Representation based on population An executive chosen by the legislature
New Jersey Plan Favored small states Representation equal An executive branch (more than one!)
appointed by the legislature
Notes The Great Compromise
blended the Virginia and New Jersey plans
an agreement between large and small states
bicameral legislature (two houses) House of Representatives based on
population Senate based on equal representation
Notes Three-fifths Compromise
stated that three-fifths of the slave population (other persons) could be counted as population of the nation
Notes Its first three words – “We The People” –
affirm that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens.
Branches set out in the Constitution: Executive Branch: Provides leadership and
enforces laws. Legislative Branch: Makes laws for the
nation. Judicial Branch: Explains and interprets
laws.
Notes The largest part of the Constitution is
devoted to the Legislative branch. (it is the branch closest to the people) raising revenue declaring war making all laws necessary to fulfill their duties
How is approval won?
Notes The Federalist papers written to win approval in the large
states, especially New York, series of 85 articles written from 1787 to 1788 To influence the vote for ratification and
shape future interpretations of the Constitution.
most significant public-relations campaign in history
Notes The Federalist Papers remain today as the reference for anyone who wants to understand the U.S. Constitution.
Notes The Bill of Rights
First ten amendments to the Constitution
Added to close the way to tyranny On September 25, 1789, the First
Congress proposed 12 1 and 2 failed, 3-12 passed. contained guarantees of essential
rights and liberties
Not Notes *The original second
amendment proposed by the First Federal Congress dealt with the compensation of members of Congress. Although rejected at the time, it was eventually ratified on May 7, 1992, as the 27th amendment.
Notes