The American Revolution:The American Revolution:Crossroads- Chapter 10Crossroads- Chapter 10Pages 302-310Pages 302-310

Introduction:Introduction:

What led to the writing of theWhat led to the writing of the

Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence

and theand the

Revolutionary War for Revolutionary War for IndependenceIndependence

in the in the Thirteen ColoniesThirteen Colonies??

Lesson Objectives- Terms:Lesson Objectives- Terms:

• Thirteen Colonies• Revolution• Declaration of

Independence• Way of life• Tax• Act- Sugar, Stamp,

Townshend, Tea, & Intolerable

• Taxation Without Representation

• Representative Government

• Federal Union• State• Unicameral• Bicameral• Constitution• Bill of Rights

Can you define the following terms?

What were the Thirteen Colonies?What were the Thirteen Colonies?

• Colony first settled by the British Government, lords, nobles, and adventurers

• East coast of present day United States• Jamestown, Virginia- 1607• Quebec City, 1608 (French in Canada)• British colonies until 1783• New England (northern), Middle Colonies, Southern

Colonies• Colonies had distinct ways of life and local forms of

government• Became independent United States of America

When were the Colonies formed?When were the Colonies formed? • Virginia (1607)• Massachusetts (1620)• New York (1626)• Maryland (1633)• Rhode Island (1636)• Connecticut (1636)• Delaware (1638)• New Hampshire

(1638)• North Carolina (1653)• South Carolina (1663)• New Jersey (1664)• Pennsylvania (1682)• Georgia (1732)

The New England Colonies:The New England Colonies:

• Massachusetts• Rhode Island• Connecticut• New Hampshire• Way of Life:-Fishing-Lumber-Ship building-Rum-Livestock

The Middle Colonies:The Middle Colonies:

• New York • Delaware• New Jersey• Pennsylvania• Way of Life:-Grain-Livestock-Iron mining-Furs

The Southern Colonies:The Southern Colonies:• Virginia• Maryland• North Carolina• South Carolina• Georgia• Way of Life:-Tobacco-Indigo (dye)-Rice-Farm Products-Furs

Problems in the Colonies:Problems in the Colonies:

• The Seven Years’ War (French & Indian Wars) 1755-1763 cost the British Government financially

• British were forced to tax colonists and restrictions were place on local governments

• Taxes were collected and used by the British government

• Local colonial governments did not benefit from taxes

• British government imposed taxes that mainly benefited British interests (companies & people)

Here come the Acts.....Here come the Acts.....

• Sugar Act, 1764- tax placed on imported molasses from the British West Indies

• Stamp Act, 1765- tax placed on legal documents, publications, newspapers, & playing cards

• Townsend Acts, 1767- taxes placed on glass, tea, silk, paper, & lead

Tea Anyone?Tea Anyone?

Tea Act, 1773- • East India Company was given sole right or

monopoly to sell tea in North America• Colonists protested resulting in Boston Tea

Party• 50 colonists disguised as Native people

dumped tea into Boston Harbor as a protest• Government responded with Intolerable Acts

The Intolerable Acts!The Intolerable Acts!

Intolerable Acts, 1771:• British government response• Boston Harbor was closed• 4,000 British troops sent out 1soldier: 4

colonists• Quebec Act, 1774- giving small French

population of Quebec the largest track of land in British North America- Ohio Territory

Colonists Respond.....Colonists Respond.....

• Colonist began to boycott British goods• Colonist began to collect arms and

ammunition• Colonists began to raise on army of

“Minutemen”• Began to hold Continental Congresses• Escalated protests- “taxation with

representation”• Writing of the Declaration of the

Independence, July, 4th, 1776- Thomas Jefferson

The Declaration of Independence:The Declaration of Independence:

• Declaration (n): an official statement

• Independence: (v): the ability of govern on one’s on

• Signees:

-John Hancock-Benjamin Franklin-John Adams-Thomas Jefferson

Declaration of Independence- Points:Declaration of Independence- Points:

1- All people have equal rights.

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of

happiness.”

2- Great Britain had treated the colonists wrongfully.

3-The colonies were now an independent country known as the United States of America.

Declaration Aftermath:Declaration Aftermath:

• 1776-1783- American Revolution or War for Independence• Patriot Revolutionaries or Patriots (Blue Coats) &

“Militia” versus

• Loyalist British Army (Red Coats)• Key Battles: Lexington & Concord, Bunker Hill,

Saratoga,& Yorktown• Outcome- defeat of British; United States of

America; Representative Government; Constitution; Bill of Rights; Unicameral Federal Congressional System