the abcs of oil & gas extraction
TRANSCRIPT
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The ABCs of Oil & Gas
Extraction
Public Health Strategies to Prevent Work-
Related Injuries and Illnesses in Oil and Gas
Extraction (OGE)
June 26th, 2015
Little America – Cheyenne, WY By
J.D. Danni – Oil and Gas Specialist
OSHA Region VIII
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Oil and Gas Industry
Overview
• The industry is usually divided into three
major components:
– Upstream
• Oilfield Service
– Midstream
– Downstream
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Upstream
• The upstream oil sector is also commonly
known as the Exploration and Production
(E&P) sector
– includes the searching for potential underground
or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields,
drilling of exploratory wells, and subsequently
operating the wells that recover and bring the
crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface.
– Essentially getting the crude oil & gas out of
the ground
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Upstream
• Most upstream work in the oil field or on
an oil well is contracted out to drilling
contractors and oil field service companies
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Oilfield Service
• The Oilfield Services sector of the Upstream
segment consists of companies that build the
infrastructure and provide the specialized
equipment.
• The Oilfield Services industry provides the
following support:
– Exploration services
– Drilling services
– Well completion
– Production services
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Oilfield Services
• Oilfield services and supply companies do
not typically produce oil and gas or own the
assets that contain them.
• At a typical drilling well site, there could be
25-30 different oilfield service companies
handling the mechanical, technical and
analytic operations needed to successfully
complete a well.
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Personnel
• Operator
– Company Man/Representative
• Independent Consultant
• Drilling Contractor
– Drilling Foreman/Toolpusher/Pusher
– Drilling Crew • Driller, Derrickman, Motorman, Floor Hand (Roughneck),
Roustabout
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Personnel • Other 3rd Parties on Location/Special Service
Employers
– Site Preparation/Delivering Rig/Setup
– Living Quarters
– Mud Engineer (Mud Man)
– Mud Logger
– Geologist
– Contract Welders
– Casing Crew
– Cementing Crew
– Logging/Perforating
– Hydraulic Frac Crew
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Midstream
• Activities can include processing, storage
and transportation of crude oil and natural
gas.
– The collection and transportation of crude or
and natural gas.
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Field Processing
• Field processing is the first phase of oil and
gas processing, starting in the onshore or
offshore production field
• Surface facilities are designed and installed
that:
– Measure the production rate,
– Separate the oil, gas, and water,
– Remove impurities,
– Temporarily store the crude or gas.
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Transportation
• After field processing, treated oil and gas is
transported to processing facilities by:
– Pipeline,
– Tanker/barge
– Truck
– Rail.
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Pipelines, Trucks, and Railroad
• While pipelines are the most efficient way
to transport oil and gas, trucks and rail are
more flexible in terms of timing and
destination.
• The recent growth in domestic US
production has led to an expansion of
crude-by-rail shipments since many new
fields are not connected to existing pipeline
infrastructure.
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Downstream
• The downstream sector commonly refers
to the refining of petroleum crude oil and
the processing and purifying of raw natural
gas.
– The refining, manufacturing, and selling of
products from crude oil and natural gas.
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Refining process
Oil
Refinery
Residual
Fuel Oil
Gasoil/ Diesel
Jet/Kerosene
Naphtha
Gasoline
LPG
Refinery
Gases
Fuel/Energy
Crude
Oil
NGLs
Other
Feedstocks
(Naphtha,
Residues,
Blending
Components)
Fuel/Energy
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Downstream
• The marketing and distribution of products
derived from crude oil and natural gas.
– gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil, heating
oil, fuel oils, lubricants, waxes, asphalt,
natural gas, and liquified petroleum gas (LPG)
as well as hundreds of petrochemicals.
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Thank You
Any Questions
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J.D. Danni
OSHA Region VIII
Safety and Health Specialist (Oil & Gas)
720-264-6581