the 1920’s
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The 1920’s. A Republican Decade Back to Isolationism. I. Warren G. Harding—1921-1923. In 1920: 18 th amendment (prohibition) 19 th amendment (women’s suffrage) Election of Harding “a return to normalcy” “The Ohio Gang” Teapot Dome Scandal Died in office. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The 1920’sA Republican DecadeBack to Isolationism
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In 1920: 18th amendment (prohibition) 19th amendment (women’s suffrage) Election of Harding “a return to normalcy” “The Ohio Gang” Teapot Dome Scandal Died in office
I. Warren G. Harding—1921-1923
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“Keep cool with Coolidge”
“The business of America is business.”
“Silent Cal”
II. Calvin Coolidge—1923-1929
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“The engineer”
“Hooverizing”
“A chicken in every pot!”
III. Herbert Hoover—1929-1933
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“ Three Hoovers”
J. Edgar Hoover—F.B.I. The Vacuum Cleaner
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Prosperity Big Business Consumerism Laissez-faire in economics Laissez-faire in social issues
IV. The Economy
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Automobile industry Household appliances Clothing and gadgets Madison Avenue advertising Women in the workplace
NOT for farmers!
Prosperity…
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Fear of Communists Fear of Russians Fear of immigrants Fear of socialists Fear of anarchists Fear of unions Fear of foreigners
V. Red Scare
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Immigration Closed!
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Quotas on European Immigrants led to decrease
Mexican and Puerto Rican immigration increased
AP: National Origins Act of 1924
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Palmer Raids (enforcement of Espionage Act)
The Volstead Act (enforcement of 18th Am)
“The Untouchables”
Court cases…
VI. Government Enforcement
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“The income tax law is a lot of bunk. The government can’t collect legal taxes from illegal money.” Al Capone
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Gitlow v. New York—all of first amendment applies to all states—protects freedom of press and speech—addresses 14th amendment’s rights of citizenship
Schenk v. U.S.—does not protect freedom of speech and press during war—upheld Espionage Act (result of Socialist anti-war pamphlets distributed to draftees)— “clear and present danger”
(Others: Sacco and Vanzetti, Leopold and Loeb, Scopes, the biology teacher)
AP: Court Cases
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Strikes and riots—Note: Union membership decreasedduring1920s
VII. Labor Unrest
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Al Smith ran for president in 1928 against HH as a Democrat against prohibition
He was the first Catholic candidate for President Soundly defeated
VII. Election of 1928
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Growth of KKK nationwide targeted people who were not White Anglo-Saxon and Protestant.
VIII. Rise of Intolerance
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It was illegal to teach evolution in most states
Law was challenged by a biology teacher in Tennessee
The Scopes Trial was a “media circus”
Conservative Ideas in Schools
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Intolerance about race
Women divided about goals of feminism
Distractions of mass media—entertainment became a priority
“Me” Decade
Farmers still suffering and not part of prosperity
End of Progressive Ideas
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To what degree did the Roaring Twenties represent both extreme conservative ideas and extreme liberal ideas?
APUSH Open Ended Essay Prompt
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The Twenties Dichotomy (Juxtaposition)
CONSERVATIVE TRENDS LIBERAL TRENDS
Conservative Politics Staying out of international
affairs Big business Wall Street tycoons Isolationism Limiting Immigration Laissez-faire Prohibition KKK Religious Fundamentalism
and Scopes trial
Liberal attitudes toward women’s rights
Fashion Speakeasies and drinking
parties Dating and youth Consumerism and paying on
time Playing the stock market Church attendance down Freud Movie stars “Lost Generation” Evolution and Scopes trial