Thailand Strategies forThailand Strategies forPro-Poor GrowthPro-Poor Growth

Banchong AmornchewinBanchong Amornchewin

Thailand International Development Thailand International Development Cooperation AgencyCooperation Agency

Poverty in ThailandPoverty in Thailand

Gov’t has revitalized poverty as a priority Gov’t has revitalized poverty as a priority and put it on top of the agenda since 1992and put it on top of the agenda since 1992

Gov’t attempt to get out of poverty by 2008Gov’t attempt to get out of poverty by 2008 To combat with povertyTo combat with poverty

Poverty is viewed as having multiple Poverty is viewed as having multiple dimensionsdimensions

It is a structural problemIt is a structural problem Various measures introduced but success Various measures introduced but success

mixed with failuremixed with failure

Causes of Poverty in Agricultural Causes of Poverty in Agricultural SectorSector

Lack of Knowledge and Management Lack of Knowledge and Management SkillsSkills

Lack of CapitalLack of Capital Lack of Infrastructure (Land, Land Lack of Infrastructure (Land, Land

Development, and Water)Development, and Water) Problems of Agricultural Product Price Problems of Agricultural Product Price

and Marketing and Marketing

Overview of Poverty ChangesOverview of Poverty Changes

19881988 19921992 1995 1995 1998 1998 2001 2001 2003 2003 2010(y) 2010(y)

42.21 42.21 28.43 28.43 14.75 14.75 20.9820.98 11.16 11.16 8.48 8.48 7.75 (%) 7.75 (%)

Pro-Poor Policy Framework Pro-Poor Policy Framework Significant shift during 1997-2001 from a growth-Significant shift during 1997-2001 from a growth-

oriented approach to people-centered developmentoriented approach to people-centered development Government emphasis on holistic approach for Government emphasis on holistic approach for

poverty reductionpoverty reduction Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy as the main Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy as the main

guiding principle for 2002-2006guiding principle for 2002-2006 Happiness society for the target of 2007-2011Happiness society for the target of 2007-2011 Well-balanced development under Philosophy of Well-balanced development under Philosophy of

Sufficiency Economy 2012-2016Sufficiency Economy 2012-2016

3 Approaches of Poverty Reduction3 Approaches of Poverty Reduction

1 Government 1 Government

2 Community2 Community

3 ODA3 ODA

(1) Poverty Reduction Strategies(1) Poverty Reduction Strategies

1 Macro-economic adjustment 1 Macro-economic adjustment 2 Increase potential and opportunities for the 2 Increase potential and opportunities for the

poorpoor3 Social protection for vulnerable group3 Social protection for vulnerable group4 Community welfare4 Community welfare5 Natural resource management for the 5 Natural resource management for the

poorpoor6 Public sector improvement for solving 6 Public sector improvement for solving

problem of the poorproblem of the poor

1 Macro-economic Adjustment1 Macro-economic Adjustment

Balanced-growth by adjusting and strengthening Balanced-growth by adjusting and strengthening grassroots economygrassroots economy

Pro-poor on economic growth of focused sector i.e. Pro-poor on economic growth of focused sector i.e. agriculture, agro-industries, construction and agriculture, agro-industries, construction and service sectorservice sector

Promote the liberalize of trade and international Promote the liberalize of trade and international monetary to gain benefit, to add value for monetary to gain benefit, to add value for agricultural products and employmentagricultural products and employment

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Miyazawa Revolving FundMiyazawa Revolving Fund Soft Loan for EducationSoft Loan for Education Fellowship for Poor Student with Good ScoreFellowship for Poor Student with Good Score Free Education for 12 Yr.Free Education for 12 Yr. Guaranteed Price Rice ProjectGuaranteed Price Rice Project 25 River Basins Development25 River Basins Development BAAC Credit for FarmersBAAC Credit for Farmers Gov Saving Bank loan for Urban PoorGov Saving Bank loan for Urban Poor

2 Increase potential and opportunities 2 Increase potential and opportunities for the poorfor the poor

Develop community learning process i.e. local Develop community learning process i.e. local forum, extend network and community learning forum, extend network and community learning center, knowledge sharing from local wisdom and center, knowledge sharing from local wisdom and local philosopherslocal philosophers

Develop strong community economy by promoting Develop strong community economy by promoting a group of profession in line with its potential, a group of profession in line with its potential, wisdom and local culture, sustain agriculture, wisdom and local culture, sustain agriculture, OTOP, promote community saving and OTOP, promote community saving and cooperativescooperatives

Adjust local wisdom to comply with new Adjust local wisdom to comply with new technology for improving local productiontechnology for improving local production

Strengthen strong community by promoting Strengthen strong community by promoting integration of community and civil society, integration of community and civil society, community holistic plan for maximizing community holistic plan for maximizing existed resources.existed resources.

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Rural and urban Development FundRural and urban Development Fund Revolving Fund for self-defense VillageRevolving Fund for self-defense Village Community village FundCommunity village Fund Fund for Solving Poverty ProblemFund for Solving Poverty Problem Village BankingVillage Banking Fund for OTOP DevelopmentFund for OTOP Development Financial Support to Profession GroupsFinancial Support to Profession Groups

3 Social protection for vulnerable 3 Social protection for vulnerable groupgroup

Social services for the poor i.e. extend social Social services for the poor i.e. extend social insurance to cover vulnerable group, revise insurance to cover vulnerable group, revise regulation to enable the poor to easy access regulation to enable the poor to easy access to servicesto services

Provide social welfare to meet targeted Provide social welfare to meet targeted group i.e. support the TAO(sub-district) group i.e. support the TAO(sub-district) and local organizations to handle welfare, and local organizations to handle welfare, promote and set up revolving fundpromote and set up revolving fund

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Social Welfare for the Poor/VulnerableSocial Welfare for the Poor/Vulnerable Social Welfare for Person with DisabilitySocial Welfare for Person with Disability Fund to Support Person with DisabilityFund to Support Person with Disability Social Welfare for HIV InfectedSocial Welfare for HIV Infected Fund Support for People Health InsuranceFund Support for People Health Insurance Support of Health VolunteersSupport of Health Volunteers

4 Community welfare4 Community welfare

Prepare and create social insurance for Prepare and create social insurance for each group, particularly ageing peopleeach group, particularly ageing people

Ageing insurance, promote provident fund, Ageing insurance, promote provident fund, tax measure to encourage one who taking tax measure to encourage one who taking care of vulnerable care of vulnerable

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Social Welfare for Ageing PeopleSocial Welfare for Ageing People Fund to Support CommunityFund to Support Community Welfare Support to CommunityWelfare Support to Community

5 Natural resource management for 5 Natural resource management for the poorthe poor

Promote community to manage localPromote community to manage local resources and environmentresources and environment

Land reform and adjustment as well as Land reform and adjustment as well as water resource allocation for agriculturewater resource allocation for agriculture

ReviseRevise related laws related laws Create mechanism to solve conflict on Create mechanism to solve conflict on

snatching of natural resourcessnatching of natural resources

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Fund Support to Local EnterpriseFund Support to Local Enterprise Support of Setting up Livestock GroupSupport of Setting up Livestock Group Support Plant/Crop Seeds to FarmersSupport Plant/Crop Seeds to Farmers Establish Farmer Saving CooperativesEstablish Farmer Saving Cooperatives Support/Improving Water ResourcesSupport/Improving Water Resources Support the Aquatic/FisheriesSupport the Aquatic/Fisheries

6 Public sector improvement for 6 Public sector improvement for solving problem of the poorsolving problem of the poor

Adjust paradigm and role of public sector Adjust paradigm and role of public sector both central and regional in solving poverty both central and regional in solving poverty from control to facilitatefrom control to facilitate

To prepare holistic programme/projectTo prepare holistic programme/project Improve budget system support to Improve budget system support to

communitycommunity Create new projectCreate new project from emerging issuesfrom emerging issues

Current Support ProgrammeCurrent Support Programme

Special budget support for emerging issueSpecial budget support for emerging issue Support to disaster reliefSupport to disaster relief Support to relief flooding problemSupport to relief flooding problem

(2)Poverty reduction approach at (2)Poverty reduction approach at community levelcommunity level

Core conceptCore concept

Strong CommunityStrong Community

Self relianceSelf reliance

Better quality of life of familyBetter quality of life of family

Poverty reduction approaches by Poverty reduction approaches by local communitylocal community

1 Reduction of production costs1 Reduction of production costs

2 Generate more income from 2 Generate more income from

local enterprise (OTOP)local enterprise (OTOP)

3 Cooperative/People Organization3 Cooperative/People Organization

4 Sufficiency Economy4 Sufficiency Economy

5 Local Finance/Saving5 Local Finance/Saving

(3) ODA approaches/support to (3) ODA approaches/support to the poorthe poor

Core AreasCore Areas Finding appropriate technology for the Finding appropriate technology for the

poorpoor Business oriented model at grassrootsBusiness oriented model at grassroots Alternative/green energyAlternative/green energy Irrigation/small irrigation managementIrrigation/small irrigation management

Thank youThank you