thailand recent developments in biogas and bio-methane … · 2019-04-02 · forwards: biogas...
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Thailand Recent Developments in Biogas and Bio-Methane Industries
Pruk Aggarangsi
Director
Energy Research and Development Institute
Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Thailand Integrated Energy Blueprint
As We Speak
New Government ?
New Plan ?May be but will not be much different
TIEB: AEDP Target
2015 2018 2021 2024 2027 2030 2033 2036
Type Waste Biomass Biogas Hydro Wind Solar
Installed Capacity as of 2018
283 3,276 501 2,906 928 2,715
Target 2036 550 5,570 1,280 2,906 3,002 6,000
NG Network Biogas from Ind. Waste Biogas from Livestock
Biogas as Decentralized Renewable Methane Sources
Recent Major Changes / Achievements1. CBG standard by DOEB
Aug 2018 2. DEDE CBG Capex
Subsidizing projects3. Commercialized CBG
plants : Retail / Bulk4. MSW Solid waste to
biogas promotions5. Unofficial (and
Unpopular) guideline to RE FiT
CMU General MSW Waste
• Demonstration Scale
30 ton per day MSW input
• 400 kg/day CBG production capacity
• Organic Waste treatment
• Recycling Center
• RDF Production for exports to incineration plants
Case Study: Commercial Scale MSW Compressed Bio-Methane
Case Study: Commercial Scale MSW Compressed Bio-Methane
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Demonstration
Thai Government Demonstration Plant
• Raw Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent
• Semi Mobile Unit : Membrane Upgrading Technique
• CBG Capacity 6 ton/day (500m3/hr biogas flow)
• Bulk sale to PTT
• Now under
Technical
Commissioning
โครงการศนูยถ่์ายทอดเทคโนโลยีและต้นแบบระบบผลิตกา๊ซไบโอมีเทนอดั (CBG)
98% Completion Now Commissioning
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Demonstration
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Demonstration
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Retail Station
Biogas Reactor
Retail CBG Station
Upgrading Plant
RE Biofuel Co.
- Korat, Thailand
- PSA Upgrading Technique 9 ton/day
- Raw Biogas from Tapioca
Starch Effluent
- Lagoon Based Reactor
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Retail Station
PSA Upgrading Technique supplied by
Quadrogen
Case Study: Commercial Scale Compressed Bio-Methane Retail Station
Retail Compressed Bio-Methane Station
Thailand Biogas R&D Target & Pathways
1. Biogas from WastesTarget 600 MW 1283 ktoe (heat)Existing 491 MW 588 ktoe (heat)Gap 189 MW 695 ktoe (heat)
2. Biogas from Energy CropTarget 680 MWExisting 10 MW Gap 670 MW
3. BiomethaneTarget 4,800 tons/dayExisting 25 tons/dayGap 4,775 tons/day
Improvement ofExisting Plant
Agro Ind. WastesMSW
Input
Process
Utilization
Input
Process
Napier Grass New Energy Crop
UpgradingTechnique
Biogas UseDiversification
Process
Utilization
Process
Input Input
Co-digestionHydrolysis TechniqueC/N Balance
BiorefineryMicrobial Technique
Smart MonitoringIncrease OLRLow-cost digesterYield enhancement
Poultry/ Cassava pulpRice Straw/cane leaves etc.Harvesting machinesFeedstock Pretreatment
Municipal Solid Waste
Waste heat utilizationBurner Improvement
Integration to Smart City
Dry FermentationCSTR or digester designLow-cost mixingIncrease OLRThermophilic/ High Pressure
Smart Control
RE FirmingHybrid with other RE
H2S Scrubber /Moisture Removal/ Flare
Market Study/LogisticsPlantation ZoningYield ImprovementHarvesting MachineSilage making technique
Napier grass refineryValuable product extractionLignocellulosic digestionReactor designMixed waste digestion
Digestate utilizationNutrient recycling
Algae Screening/GMOAlgae cultivation/harvest
Input Pretreatment
BiorefineryReactor designIncrease OLR
Upgrading efficiency
Upgrading cost reductionCompressor fabricationMembrane fabricationIn-situ CH4 enrichment
CryogenicsWater ScrubbingSteam ReformingNew upgrading
Methane Storage and Transfer
Vehicle
CBG Market StudyPipeline
- Local biogas grid- National grid Injection- Gas Pool Mechanism
Heat Utilization- Household- Industries
CO2 Utilization/Trading- algae growth enhance- power to gas - carbon credit trading
Biohydrogen - production/storage
Direct Methane Fuel Cell- efficiency
Gas to Liquid Fuel- Fischer–Tropsch
Zero-waste approach
Forwards: Biogas Trends and Opportunities in Thailand
Biogas Market Trends in Thailand and ASEAN
- Waste/Waste Water Management Mandate
- Semi-Firm PPA
- Bio-Methane Retails
- Energy Storage / Hybrid PPA
- Integration to Smart City
Lessons Learnt:
Technology Acceptance?
Lagoon vs. Hi Rate
The “Gold Rush” ?
Opportunities vs. Risks
Government “Catalyst”- Tax Incentives- Effluent Regulations- PPA FiT Policy- Supporting Standards
Non Technical Obstacles:- Grid Availability- Public Acceptance- Bank Confidence- Policy Changes
Fully Realized Profitable Projects
Lessons Learnt:
Bio-Methane?
Sunrise or Sunset
Policy Policy Policy !!
Knowhow vs. Knowwho
Technical + Financial Needs
Thank you for your kind attention
ERDI-CMU
www.erdi.cmu.ac.th
Tel: +6653-942-007
Director
Pruk Aggarangsi
Email: [email protected]
Current R&D Status