“Thailand : Move on Biofuels ”

1

ASEAN-India Workshop on Cooperation in Renewable Energy

05 – 06 November, 2012Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi

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Source : Department of Energy Business

Thailand Energy Situation

Thailand

GDP 10

Trillion baht

1.25 Trillion baht

Total imported energy

977 billion baht

Crude oil imported accounted for

~10% of Thailand 2011 GDP

Thailand imported about

46 - 48 billion liter of crude oil annually

Imported value (Baht)

2009 623 billion baht

2010 754 billion baht

2011 977 billion baht

3

Target - 25% of RE in total energy consumption by

2021

Biofuel targets

Ethanol

Biodiesel

Advanced biofuel

9 ML/da

y

5.97 ML/day

25 ML/day

Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)

AEDP(2012 -2021)

Solar & Wind

Hydro power

Bioenergy New energy

Biofuel

Total electricity

target 9,201 MWTotal heat

target 9,335 MW

Thailand Ethanol PoliciesEthanol usage~ 1.43

ML/day *

Target9

ML/day

Ethanol* : Data from department of energy business (August 2012)

Feedstock

1. Molasses (Sugar derivative)Sugarcane plantation area = ~ 1.26 million hectares = ~ 12,750 sq.km= ~ 5.18% arable land in Thailand

2. Cassava Cassava plantation area = ~ 1.18 million hectares = ~ 11,978 sq.km= ~ 4.87% arable land in Thailand

In 2011, 1.5 MT out of 4 MT of molasses were used to make

390 M.Liter of ethanol. The rest was used to make beverage and food seasoning as well

as export.

In 2011, 0.6 MT out of 23MT of cassava were used to make

108 M.Liter of ethanol. About 65%

of cassava were exported and about 30% were for local

consumption

Ethanol exportThailand export

ethanol to • Philippines• Singapore• South Korea

• Japan

Ethanol Uses and Export

0

50

100

150

200

250

14.9

65.8

15.648.2

139

239.44Eth

an

ol ex-

port

(M

L/y

r)

*Jan-Sep 2012

Source : department of energy business

Ethanol

usage

2008 2009 2010 2011 20120.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.4

0.93

1.25 1.24 1.23 1.29Eth

an

ol

uses

(ML/d

ay)

*Jan-Aug 2012

Thailand Cassava Production and Export

Thailand cassava export

Source: Office of Agricultural economics

• Ethanol usage started to pick up in 2008

• Apart from 2008 with drought and flood problems, Thailand continue to export relatively stable cassava products.

• Price increases following the global market

World cassava production

Source: FAO (2011)

Thailand is 4Th

biggest

cassava

producer

Out of global cassava

produced, only 9.1 % is traded internationallyThailand is

NUMBER 1 cassava exporter

Ethanol Feedstock Land Usage

Ethanol9

ML/day3,285 ML/yr

2 MT Molasses 492 ML

16.43 MT Cassava 2,793 ML

54% Molasses produced

57% Cassava producedWith expected increase in yield, without

increase in planation area, Thailand will be able to meet feedstock demand and have

some to spare. NO Pressure from biofuel production

to plant more feedstockExpected molasses output in 2021 is 4.2MT and expected cassava output in 2021 is 35 MT Source - Ministry of Agricultural and cooperation

Thailand Biodiesel Policies biodiesel

usage~ 1.95

ML/day *

Target5.97

ML/dayDiesel* : Data from department of energy business (August 2012)

Oil palm plantation in

Thailand

Source : Department of Internal Trade of Thailand, Ministry of Commerce

In Thailand, only certain are suitable for oil palm, such as

area in the southern and eastern part of Thailand.

Oil palm plantation area = ~ 0.65 million hectares = ~ 6,560 sq.km = ~ 2.72% arable land in Thailand

Oil palm

49%

22%

In 2011

By 2017, oil palm plantation will increase to 0.8 million hectares

(3.35% of total arable land in Thailand)

Biodiesel Feedstock – Palm Oil Prediction

5% biodiesel

(B5)(2.65 ML/day

B100)(0.65

MT/year of CPO)

CPO = 0.91MT/year(3.71 ML/day

B100)

Thailand will have more CPO leftover for advance biofuel production

Source: Office of Agricultural economics

NOT A PROBL

EM FOR

THAILAND

1st generation and Edible• Cassava, sugar cane

and Molasses• Palm oil 1st generation and Inedible• Sweet Sorghum• Jatropha2nd generation• Cellulosic• Biomass

3rd generation• Algae

Biofuel Possible Feedstock

Food vs. Fuel ?

Research level

Research level

Research level

11

To develop 2nd and 3rd generation of Biodiesel• Jatropha• Algae

To use ethanol instead• Fatty acid ethyl ester

(FAEE)• ED95 (Ethanol Diesel)• Diesohol

Advance process• Bio-Hydrogenated

diesel (BHD)• Biomass to liquid (BTL)

R & D

Biofuel to replace petroleum diesel

Biofuel Research and Development

Biofuel to replace petroleum gasolineTo develop 2nd generation of ethanol• Cellulosic ethanol• Sweet Sorghum

Thailand - “Food comes first”

DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION AND PEOPLE WELL-BEING IS THAILAND’S

FIRST PRIORITY

Biofuel

Reduce imported

oil

Improve people’s

lives

Better environm

ent

Thank you

BIOFUEL

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