textbook chapter 15th century; coleman, bannister, & colin

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Chapter 1 Beginning Of America This chapter shows how the meeting of three different worlds can affect the outcome of America. How slavery and trade and power all started from Europeans, Native Americans, and West Africans. In this chapter you will cover the trade routes of West Africa, to how the Indians ran their governments, to the dif- ference in societies between all three regions.

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A chapter describing the early European explorers, the West Africans, and the Native Americans in the 1400s.

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Page 1: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Chapter 1

Beginning Of America

This chapter shows how the meeting of three different

worlds can affect the outcome of America. How slavery and trade

and power all started from Europeans, Native Americans, and

West Africans. In this chapter you will cover the trade routes of

West Africa, to how the Indians ran their governments, to the dif-

ference in societies between all three regions.

Page 2: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

This is our

Page 3: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

This is our

Page 4: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

This is our

Page 5: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Europe in the Late 1400’s

Main Idea Why it matters now Terms

This section is how the

Europeans discovered the

Americas and used their ad-

vanced technology to con-

quer the new world.

Social Order

Reconquista

Ideological

Theological

European Society

European society was very strict and rarely changed. First off,

Europe had a fixed social order during the 15th-17th century, based on

their place in society where they were born into. The highest rank was

nobility, such as monarch, church, and knights. Then at the bottom are

the peasants, such as farmers, craftsmen, sets and slaves. Also, people

rarely ever leave their social class that they were born into but it is pos-

sible. Merchants and artisans moved up in the 1400’s due to increase in

trade. Lastly, there is

Beginning of America 2

This letter is from Christopher Columbus to Luis de Santangel-

“ … I write you this letter, by which you shall know that in thirty-three

days I passed over to the indies’ with the fleet which the most illustri-

ous king and queen , our lords, gave me where I found very many is-

lands peopled with inhabitants' beyond number…”-

This letter show how they discovered the Indians and how they got

their money for their voyages from the queen

This matters now because

this is how Columbus dis-

covered the new world and it

became America.

Page 6: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

the Christian Catholic church; a powerful faith in European society. Just as im-

portant as the kings and queens, Christianity is the most influenced religion in

European back in the 15th century. Everybody was afraid to disrespect or go

against it. As a result, European society, unlike America today, hardly ever

changes, and it is based on where you are at in society.

Europe’s Government

The European Government played a very big role of solving

problems and giving commands

for future steps in the 15th-17th

centuries. First off, Queen Isabella

was the most powerful monarch of

her time. She expelled the Mus-

lims and Jews from Spain in 1492

so that Europe could be ruled by

Catholics alone in a process

known as the Reconquista, which

solved Europe's "problem" with

having more than one religion.

Also, the Roman Catholic Church

controlled religion over almost all

of Western Europe, up to the year

1517. Their influence was great

upon Europe due to the high reli-

gious count, and their government

was a Catholic Monarchy. This led

to a big step with Catholicism being forced onto the Native Ameri-

cans when Columbus discovered the Americas. Lastly, the govern-

ment gave large amounts of money for exploration and empire

building. They funded many of Columbus's voyages to the Ameri-

cas for colonization. Overall, the government was a very compe-

tent monarchy in the 15th-17th centuries.

Beginning of America 3

Page 7: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Europe’s Innovations

European innovations and inventions were great and helped them to conquer the new world. First, one of the most important inventions was their weapons or warfare. These played a great role for their military success. Their weapons, such as guns, and cannons, ushered them to be ready to fight.

These tools gave them a better advantage in wars and in tak-ing over new lands. Europeans easily over powered the Native Americans, since they never seen or own anything like these weapons. Another important invention was that Europe had been social technology such as the printing press. These in-ventions helped them spread the news of Columbus's findings much faster than other groups, like the Vikings. The final in-vention was the development in ideological or even theologi-cal. These weren't exactly innovations but more of a way that they took the new world. For instance by dominating others they became the strongest or more dominate group in the world. Such as how they dominated over the Native Ameri-

cans, by taking them as slaves and using the Indians land as their own. In conclusion Europe's inventions and innovations played a huge role in how they were able to take and domi-nate the world with advanced technology.

Taste of Next Section The European’s discovery of America might have been good for them but it affected the lives of the Natives that were living there in many different ways. The collision of these two different cultures brought many different thing to the New

world that later shaped the outcome of America...

Beginning of America 4

Page 8: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Main Idea Why it matters now Terms

Native American’s in 1492

Extended Family

Iroquois Grand

Council

Native Terms: Mis-

sissippi, skunk….

Native American’s had a va-

riety of many cultures

amongst themselves that

shaped their different yet

similar ways of life.

Beginning of America 5

Native American Society

Native American society was very unique, and organized. For exam-

ple, much like the Europeans focused mostly on 'nuclear family', the Na-

tive Americans focused mostly on 'extended family'. Their lives revolved

around everyone in their family, not just mom, dad, and children. They fo-

cused on everyone such as aunts, uncles, cousins and others. Also, they had

very distinct roles in their community based on gender. Men mostly

hunted, gathered, and protected the village, and the women cooked, and

took care of the children. Last, their religion was that they believed all

things had

This letter was wrote by Powhatan to John Smith-

“ ..I wish their experience was equal to mine; and that all your love to us

might not be less than ours to you…..”-

This letter is telling John Smith how he wishes that his children and

grandkids had the experience of a great life about before the Europeans

came over to the Americas and took over.

Page 9: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

spirits or spiritual essence. They believed to have spirits,

things such as animals, plants, and even none living things,

like rocks. Overall, Native Americans had a very unique, but

very organized societies.

This picture show how many of the Native

American villages looked from where they

would hunt to where they would hold com-

munity feasts or honor their religion.

Native American Government

Native American democracy was the main type of government in the

U.S. in the 15th century. First, the Iroquois created democracy with the Iro-

quois League. The Iroquois League was created for the purpose of ending the

fighting between the many Iroquois groups by having a democratic Council.

Second, the Iroquois Grand Council consisted of 50 Iroquois leaders. This was

the biggest point that led to a government ruled by the people. Last, this Na-

tive American democracy greatly influenced

Beginning of America 6

This is a picture of them hunting their

food as you can see they are all male, as

that is one of their roles in the commu-

nity

Page 10: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Benjamin Franklin in his creation of the Colonial Governments. This Co-

lonial democracy even led to the Boston Tea Party, which released the

U.S. from Great Britain's control for a government ruled by the people.

In conclusion, the Native American Democracy has greatly influenced

our government even today.

Beginning of America 7

Native American Innovations

The Native Americans innovations and inventions were very advance in

the 15th century. There are several examples that show this and one of them

is the watertight basket weaving was one of the many things they used until

the Europeans came onto their land. It was passed down from generation to

generation, mostly to women. Furthermore, they were not just hunters; they

were also fine in agriculture. More than half the crops around the world

were created by Native Americans. On top of that, many words and terms

we use today came from the Native Americans. Natives created words for

many things of nature such as Mississippi, skunk, and hurricane. To con-

clude, Native Americans advanced inventions and innovations helped them

in many ways for the future to come.

Taste of next Section Much like the Native Americans the West Africans had many things

in common. How their lands were invaded and they were taken to

work as slaves. Also to how their communities and governments

functioned. Along with the similarities there were many differences,

in their innovations to how they got their goods and money…...

Page 11: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Beginning of America 8

Main Idea Why it matters now Terms

West Africa

Islam (Islamic Religion)

Iron Ore

Monarchy

West Africa had one of

the most wealthy and

cultural kingdoms in

the late 1400s

Trading was a big part of West African Society and brought

many different things to their country because of it. One fact is, Africa had

many trade routes leading through

many major cities. West Africans

had closer relationships with Euro-

pean traders because of this. Add-

ing to that, the power and wealth

of most major cities came from

trade. This caused many cities like

Songhai to become the largest

kingdoms in Africa. Moreover, not

only did they trade goods on the

trade routes. They also traded

other things such as religion. Euro-

peans "traded" their Christianity

and in-turn was shown Islam by

the West Africans. As a result, by the mid-1400s, West African trading was

so great that it attracted many people from the outside world.

West African Society

This matters now because

how their trading Africans

revolutionized to the Ameri-

cas which is how slavery and

discrimination started.

Page 12: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

The kingdoms in West Africa were different from one another but

each had one thing in common: government structure. First of all,

Songhai's government was monarchy.

Their ruler was Sonni Ali. This leader

ruled over Songhai during the Mid 15th

century. Moreover, there was Kongo, the

second major kingdom. Located in West

Central Africa, their government struc-

ture was also monarchy; the king was

Manikongo. In addition to those, the

third kingdom is Benin. Benin's govern-

ment was obviously monarchy, though it

does not state who was their leader in a

certain period. Overall, monarchy basi-

cally dominated how West Africa was

back then.

West African Government

West African Innovations

West Africans had many innovations and inventions that would not be

used or thought of by other countries for some time. First of all, West

Africans were amazingly skilled at making things out of iron ore.

With this metal they made many things such as weapons. Another in-

teresting fact is, storytelling was an exciting way to tell stories of the

past to others. For generations upon generations, tribe elders would

pass down stories of the past to children who would then pass them

down as they grew up. Also, the West Africans did not "invent" fertile

soil, but made very good use of it anyways. Many crops were grown

in this fertile soil and thus forth gave the West Africans an easier time

with farming. In summary, the West African innovations and inven-

tions worked very well in their favor and helped them to grow, both as

a country and as a kingdom.

Beginning of America 9

Page 13: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Overall the meeting of these three worlds made a great

impact not only back then in the late 1400s, but also in the fu-

ture and now. How they used trade to make money and how

Native Americans used specific terms that we still used to day.

Or how slave trading started between the Africans and Portu-

guese, then later came to America and became a great big deal.

So small things that happen back in the 1400s are still a big

problem to day, or a big help such as how we got our govern-

ment ideas from the Iroquois Grand Council.

Conclusion

Page 14: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Critical Thinking Questions

1. Compare

How did the invasion of the Portuguese and Europe-

ans affect the Native Americans and West Africans ?

(Think about their trading and slavery)

2. Compare and Contrast

How were the West African and Native Americans

alike and different ?

Beginning of America 10

Page 15: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin

Works Cited

Loewen, James W. Lies My Teacher Told Me.

New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995

Gerald A. Danzer, Jorge Klor de Alva, Larry S.

Krieger, Louis E. Wilson, Nacy Woloch.

Americans. Evanston, IL: McDougal Little, 2005

Darlene Clark Hine, Willam C. Hine, and Stanely

Harrold.

Upper Saddle River, NJ : Pearson education Inc., 2006

Page 16: Textbook Chapter 15th Century; Coleman, Bannister, & Colin