Text StructuresText Structures

Informational TextInformational Text

Pre-assessmentPre-assessment

Your teacher will place you in small groups.Your teacher will place you in small groups. Each group will receive a piece of chart Each group will receive a piece of chart

paper and a marker. paper and a marker. Your group will have 3 minutes to write Your group will have 3 minutes to write

down everything you know about text down everything you know about text structures in informational text. If you are structures in informational text. If you are stuck, think about what words/phrases stuck, think about what words/phrases come to mind when you think about text come to mind when you think about text structures.structures.

After 3 minutes, each group will share out. After 3 minutes, each group will share out.

Learning TargetLearning Target

Let’s deconstruct today’s learning Let’s deconstruct today’s learning target:target:

I can I can explainexplain how authors how authors organizeorganize text and how the individual parts of a text and how the individual parts of a text (e.g. sections, chapters) text (e.g. sections, chapters) ccontributeontribute to the overall to the overall developmentdevelopment of of ideasideas. . 

Guided NotesGuided Notes

Directions: As your teacher provides Directions: As your teacher provides you with information about text you with information about text structures, you will fill in your Guided structures, you will fill in your Guided Notes sheet. Be sure to raise your Notes sheet. Be sure to raise your hand if you have any questions, hand if you have any questions, relevant comments, or connections relevant comments, or connections to make.to make.

What are text structures?What are text structures?

Different types of informational Different types of informational passages have different passages have different text text structuresstructures. .

Text structures are organizational Text structures are organizational patterns. patterns.

Authors use certain text structures to Authors use certain text structures to help their audience better help their audience better understand the information understand the information presented.presented.

What are the types of What are the types of informational text structures? informational text structures?

The most common are CAUSE AND The most common are CAUSE AND EFFECT, COMPARE/CONTRAST, EFFECT, COMPARE/CONTRAST, PROBLEM AND SOLUTION, and PROBLEM AND SOLUTION, and CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.

CAUSE AND EFFECTCAUSE AND EFFECTCharacteristicsCharacteristics

describes a reason and its describes a reason and its effect(s)effect(s)

CAUSE AND EFFECT signal CAUSE AND EFFECT signal words/phraseswords/phrases

EffectEffectAs a resultAs a resultBecauseBecauseConsequentlyConsequentlyFor this reasonFor this reason If…thenIf…thenSinceSinceThereforeTherefore

COMPARE/CONTRASTCOMPARE/CONTRASTCharacteristicsCharacteristics

Compares and contrasts Compares and contrasts specific elements of two or specific elements of two or more thingsmore things

COMPARE/CONTRAST signal COMPARE/CONTRAST signal words/phraseswords/phrases

AlikeAlikeAs opposed toAs opposed toDifferentDifferent In commonIn commonOn the other handOn the other handSimilarSimilar

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION PROBLEM AND SOLUTION CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Describes a problem and its Describes a problem and its solution(s)solution(s)

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION signal PROBLEM AND SOLUTION signal words/phraseswords/phrases

AffectAffectAs a resultAs a resultBecauseBecauseConsequentlyConsequentlyFor this reasonFor this reason If…thenIf…thenSinceSincethereforetherefore

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER characteristicscharacteristics

Sequence, or order based on timeSequence, or order based on timeChrono = timeChrono = time

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER signal CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER signal words/phraseswords/phrases

FirstFirstNextNextLast Last ThenThenAfterAfterBeforeBeforeLaterLater

Social Studies and Science Social Studies and Science TextsTexts

Most texts in SOCIAL STUDIES tend Most texts in SOCIAL STUDIES tend to be structured in to be structured in chronological chronological orderorder or or cause and effectcause and effect. .

Most texts in SCIENCE tend to be Most texts in SCIENCE tend to be organized in organized in problem/solutionproblem/solution..

Let’s PracticeLet’s Practice

Read the following passage. Read the following passage. Determine the text structure and Determine the text structure and explain how it contributes to the explain how it contributes to the overall development of ideas.overall development of ideas.

In the game of volleyball, players hit a In the game of volleyball, players hit a ball over a long net that stretches ball over a long net that stretches across a court. There are twelve across a court. There are twelve players on the court at one time—six players on the court at one time—six players per team.players per team.

The game of tennis is similar to The game of tennis is similar to volleyball in that a ball is hit over a volleyball in that a ball is hit over a long net on a court, but this is all the long net on a court, but this is all the two sports have in common. In tennis, two sports have in common. In tennis, the ball is hit with a racquet, and only the ball is hit with a racquet, and only two or four players are on the court at two or four players are on the court at one time.one time.

In your small groups, discuss the In your small groups, discuss the following prompts. You may use following prompts. You may use your guided notes as a resource.your guided notes as a resource.

1. Determine the text structure of 1. Determine the text structure of the passage.the passage.

2. Explain what clues led you to 2. Explain what clues led you to determine that text structure.determine that text structure.

Now it’s your turn!Now it’s your turn!

Your teacher will distribute an Your teacher will distribute an Informational Text Structures Informational Text Structures practice sheet to you. practice sheet to you.

Read each of the passages, highlight Read each of the passages, highlight signal words/phrases, and determine signal words/phrases, and determine the text structure for each one. the text structure for each one.

Be prepared to discuss as a class.Be prepared to discuss as a class.

Day 2:Day 2:“Macaroni and Cheese: An “Macaroni and Cheese: An

American Classic”American Classic” Independently read “Macaroni and Independently read “Macaroni and

Cheese: An American Classic.” Cheese: An American Classic.” Highlight signal words/phrases as Highlight signal words/phrases as

you read.you read.Carefully respond to the questions Carefully respond to the questions

that follow. that follow.