Texas Texas RevolutionRevolution

Battle of GonzalesBattle of Gonzales• Mexican government

wanted a cannon returned from the colonists at Gonzales. Texans refused- made a flag- ‘Come and Take It’

• Known as the ‘Lexington’ of the Texas Revolution (First shots fired)

• Proved the Texans were Proved the Texans were willing to use military force willing to use military force against Mexicoagainst Mexico

Gonzales cannon•21.5’’ long•69 lbs

Battle of Gonzales

Battle of Lexington

Compare & Contrast these Two Battles

Battle of LexingtonBattle of Lexington

• April 19, 1775April 19, 1775• Lexington, Lexington,

MassachusettsMassachusetts• 11stst battle of American battle of American

Revolution.Revolution.• Fought over possession Fought over possession

of weapons arsenal of weapons arsenal (Rifles & ammunition).(Rifles & ammunition).

• American army was American army was made up of volunteers.made up of volunteers.

• American colonists won American colonists won the battle giving them the battle giving them confidence that they confidence that they could defeat the larger could defeat the larger more powerful army of more powerful army of Great Britain.Great Britain.

• October 2, 1835October 2, 1835• Gonzales, TexasGonzales, Texas• 11stst battle of the Texas battle of the Texas

Revolution.Revolution.• Fought over Fought over

possession of weapons possession of weapons (Cannon).(Cannon).

• Texan army was made Texan army was made up of volunteers.up of volunteers.

• Texan colonists won Texan colonists won the battle giving them the battle giving them confidence that the confidence that the could defeat the larger could defeat the larger more powerful Mexican more powerful Mexican army.army.

Battle of GonzalesBattle of Gonzales

Capture of San AntonioCapture of San Antonio• After the Battle of Gonzales, volunteers head up to After the Battle of Gonzales, volunteers head up to

San Antonio to kick the Mexican army out.San Antonio to kick the Mexican army out.

• Elect Stephen F. Austin as their generalElect Stephen F. Austin as their general

• General Martin Perfecto de Cos leads the Mexicans at General Martin Perfecto de Cos leads the Mexicans at San AntonioSan Antonio

• Ben Milam decided to attack the Mexican Ben Milam decided to attack the Mexican troops. General Cos surrenders Dec.10, 1835troops. General Cos surrenders Dec.10, 1835– Agrees to leave Texas with all the Mexican armyAgrees to leave Texas with all the Mexican army.– Agrees to never fight in Texas again (lies). Santa Agrees to never fight in Texas again (lies). Santa

Anna is mad. Personally marches a large force of Anna is mad. Personally marches a large force of Mexican troops into Texas to put an end to the Mexican troops into Texas to put an end to the rebellion. Texans didn’t think he would march his rebellion. Texans didn’t think he would march his troops in the winter. troops in the winter.

Capture of San AntonioCapture of San Antonio

Mexican soldiers surrender to Mexican soldiers surrender to the Texansthe Texans

Santa Anna Santa Anna headsheads

to San Antonio to San Antonio with the majority with the majority of the Mexican of the Mexican

armyarmy

Santa Anna is Santa Anna is upset General upset General

Cos surrendered Cos surrendered San Antonio to San Antonio to

the Texas rebelsthe Texas rebels

1836 Convention1836 Convention• Washington-on-the Brazos Washington-on-the Brazos

March 1836March 1836• 59 delegates meet & decide 59 delegates meet & decide

Santa Anna is never going to Santa Anna is never going to reinstate the reinstate the Mexican federal Mexican federal Constitution of 1824Constitution of 1824

• Declare Texas Independence Declare Texas Independence from Mexicofrom Mexico

Texas Declaration of Texas Declaration of IndependenceIndependence• March 2, 1836 March 2, 1836

(Texas Independence (Texas Independence Day)Day)

• Written by Written by George George ChildressChildress

• GrievancesGrievances: Stated that : Stated that Mexico denied them the Mexico denied them the rights guaranteed by the rights guaranteed by the Mexican Constitution of 1824Mexican Constitution of 1824

• Stated Texans were deprived Stated Texans were deprived of freedoms they were used of freedoms they were used to from the U.S. Constitutionto from the U.S. Constitution

The Provisional ‘temporary’ Government

• Delegates at 1836 Delegates at 1836 Convention felt it Convention felt it was not safe to was not safe to hold public hold public electionselections

• set up a set up a provisional provisional ((temporarytemporary) ) governmentgovernment

• David BurnettDavid Burnett - -ad interim ad interim PresidentPresident

• Lorenzo de ZavalaLorenzo de Zavala - - ad interim ad interim vice-presidentvice-president

Sam Sam HoustonHoustonChosen as the

Commander-in-chief of the Texas Army

• Free African American• Helped negotiate peace treaty with the Cherokee during the Texas Revolution so they would stay neutral

February 23 – February 23 – Mar. 6, Mar. 6, 18361836

What flag did the TeTexaxansns wave at the Battle of the Alamo?

or

William B. TravisWilliam B. TravisCommander of the

Alamo sends several letters out from the Alamo requesting

reinforcements

“To the people of Texas and all Americans in the world...-the commander of the Alamo states that he needs reinforcements but was willing to but was willing to

die defending the fortdie defending the fort

The AlamoThe Alamo• James Bowie, James Bowie,

William B. William B. Travis, Davy Travis, Davy Crockett & Crockett & close to 200 close to 200 other Texans other Texans die defending die defending the Alamothe Alamo

The events at the Alamo The events at the Alamo inspired the Texans to inspired the Texans to carry on carry on

the struggle for freedomthe struggle for freedom..

Alamo- Present day

Alamo- 1906Artist picture of Alamo 1836

• Consisted of 4 shipsConsisted of 4 ships• Brought supplies to the Texan armyBrought supplies to the Texan army• Cut off supply lines to Mexican troops Cut off supply lines to Mexican troops

by controlling the coastal waters of by controlling the coastal waters of TexasTexas

Battle of ColetoBattle of Coleto• James Fannin James Fannin is commander of the Texan troops at is commander of the Texan troops at

GoliadGoliad• Fannin gets orders from Sam Houston to retreat Fannin gets orders from Sam Houston to retreat

toward Victoriatoward Victoria• Gets surrounded by Mexican troops led by General Gets surrounded by Mexican troops led by General

Urrea.Urrea.• Appoximately 7 Texans were killed & 60 woundedAppoximately 7 Texans were killed & 60 wounded

Goliad MassacreGoliad Massacre• Fannin surrenders to General Fannin surrenders to General

UrreaUrrea• Condition of surrender (Condition of surrender (accounts accounts

varyvary) Urrea assured Fannin that ) Urrea assured Fannin that they would be released in the they would be released in the United States United States

• Colonel JamesColonel James Fannin Fannin & his troops & his troops (approx. 350) are executed by (approx. 350) are executed by order of Santa Annaorder of Santa Anna

• Inspires Texans to carry on the Inspires Texans to carry on the fight against Mexico. Texans mad fight against Mexico. Texans mad that troops that surrendered were that troops that surrendered were executed rather than taken as a executed rather than taken as a prisoner of war.prisoner of war.

Runaway Runaway ScrapeScrape

• Texan army was short on troops, guns, ammunition, & suppliesTexan army was short on troops, guns, ammunition, & supplies• Sam Houston hears @ the fall of the Alamo when he is at Sam Houston hears @ the fall of the Alamo when he is at

Gonzales. Orders a retreat & burns the town of GonzalesGonzales. Orders a retreat & burns the town of Gonzales.• Many other settlers also began to move eastward, away from Many other settlers also began to move eastward, away from

Santa Anna’s approaching army.Santa Anna’s approaching army.

Battle of San Battle of San JacintoJacinto

““Remember the Alamo!”Remember the Alamo!”

““Remember Remember Goliad!”Goliad!”

Battle of San Battle of San JacintoJacinto• April 21, 1836

• Final Battle of the Final Battle of the TexasTexas Revo Revolutionlution• # of Texas soldiers - # of Texas soldiers - 900 900

((99 dead) dead)# of Mexican soldiers - # of Mexican soldiers - 12001200 ((600600 + dead) + dead)

• MexicoMexico defeated in defeated in 18 minutes18 minutes

http://houstonhistory.ning.com/photo/883496:Photo:15669/next?context=latest

San Jacinto Monument San Jacinto Monument = Largest column monument in the world.

Washington monument- 555’

San Jacinto monument- 567’

The monument is topped with a 220-ton

star that commemorates the site

of the Battle of San Jacinto, the decisive battle of

the Texas Revolution. The monument,

constructed between 1936 and 1939 and

dedicated on April 21, 1939.

Treaty of VelascoTreaty of Velasco

• May 14May 14thth 18361836• 2 Treaties signed by 2 Treaties signed by

Santa Anna & David Santa Anna & David Burnett ‘officially Burnett ‘officially ending’ the Texas ending’ the Texas RevolutionRevolution

Treaty of Velasco stated…..Public Treaty• Declared Texas independent Declared Texas independent

from Mexicofrom Mexico• Mexican army had to returnMexican army had to return• Prisoners would be exchangedPrisoners would be exchanged• Santa Anna would be sent back to Santa Anna would be sent back to

MexicoMexicoPrivate TreatyPrivate Treaty

Santa Anna would persuade Mexican Santa Anna would persuade Mexican leaders to recognize Texas leaders to recognize Texas independence & acknowledge the Rio independence & acknowledge the Rio Grande Grande as the border between TexasTexas & MexicoMexico

the Republic of Texas

These are the

borders that

Texans will claim

as the new

Republic of Texas after the Revolution is over

Coahuila y Coahuila y TejasTejas

(Before the (Before the Revolution)Revolution)