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TESTING SERVICE OF FUNCTIONAL AND SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES

TEST REPORT n° 21 – 005a

SELF-LOADING MIXER-FEEDER WAGON:

MONO 13 DF (extensions: 21-005b – Mono 16 DF; 21-005c – Mono 10 DF; 21-005d – Mono 7 DF)

MANUFACTURER: SGARIBOLDI OFFICINE SNC

Via Pietro Nenni, 15 – 26845 Codogno (LO) - Italy

Rome, November 2001

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TESTS PERFORMED IN CONFORMITY WITH ENAMA PROTOCOL N° 21 AT

THE ISTITUTO SPERIMENTALE PER LA MECCANIZZAZIONE AGRICOLA ,

TREVIGLIO (BG) BRANCH, BY:

Director: Ing. Giovanni Santoro

Dott. Carlo Bisaglia

CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINE 3 Transmission components 4 Loading devices 4 Chopping-mixing system 5 Weighing system 6 Product discharge device 6

TESTS 7 Ration used 7 Load Capacity 8 Cutting efficiency 8 Mixing efficiency 9 Fuel consumption and required power 9

CONCLUSIONS 11 INDICATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS 11 SAFETY TESTS 11 MODELS IN THE SAME SERIES 11 THE FOLLOWING RULES WILL HELP UNDERSTANDING THE RESULTS: 1 MPa = 10 bar 1 kW = 1,36 CV 1 kW = 1,34 HP 1 m3/s = 3600 m3/h 1 m/s = 3,6 km/h 1 l = 1 dm3 C.V. (coefficient of variation) = a parameter indicating the amount of deviation of data with respect to the mean value.

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Fig. 1 – Diagram of the machine: 1) silo-unloading apparatus; 2) mobile blade; 3) mixing auger; 4) oscillating deflector; 5) visual inspection grid; 6) outlet; 7) weighing controls; 8) remote control. Description of the machine The machine is the towed type and is characterised by a single horizontal cutting-mixing auger system assisted by a hydraulically operated lateral oscillating deflector. The load-bearing structure is integral to the mixing compartment and is suitably strengthened, it also connects to the axle and to the towing bar — the latter is fitted with a hydraulic foot stand — at the extremity of which are inserted three flexing load cells for the weighing system. The towing bar is bolted onto two drilled plates, posi-tioned on the lower front of the body, which allows the bar to be adjusted vertically, this enables the trailer to be correctly positioned in relation to the tow-hook used on the tractor. In addi-tion, the terminal support plates of the

load cell/towing eye unit enable three-position vertical adjustments to be made to improve the machine’s work-ing position. The silage is loaded by means of a hydraulically operated rear silo un-loader and assisted by a blade, which is also hydraulically operated. The lever type controls are positioned close to the tractor driving seat and enable the various devices to be con-trolled by the operator by means of flexible connecting cables; a tubular support bolted onto the front of the body enables it to be positioned while parked. The main specifications are listed in table 1, whereas fig. 1 shows a general diagram of the tested machine.

1

2

3 4

5

6 7

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Width mm 2450 Length mm 6950 Height (min. – max.) mm 2600-5050 Overhang mm 4650 Weight empty kg 5220 Weight fully loaded kg 9200 Maximum capacity kg 3900 Max. permitted load on the tow-hook

kg 1600

Max. declared volume m3 13 Track width mm 1750

Ground clearance mm 290

Tyres type H40x/14.5-19

Tyre pressure bar 7 Trailer serial no. no. D.13.D.79.10.0

0 Table 1 - Technical characteristics of the machine Transmission components The machine is driven by a cardan shaft connected to the power take-off of the tractor. An epicyclic reducer is used to transfer the drive to the single mixing auger of the cutter-mixer and to activate the hydraulic system pump; a second splined shaft (optional), con-nected to the cardan shaft of the trac-tor, enables the rotational direction of the auger to be reversed, should this

become blocked during the loading and cutting-mixing operations. The principal characteristics of the transmission components are shown in table 2. Loading devices The fodder is loaded by means of a rear silo unloading device consisting of two cutter carrying arms activated by two hydraulic cylinders and by a cutter fitted with a protection case, capable of operating up to a maximum height from the ground of 4400 mm (Fig. 2). The cutter can rotate in two directions: the first projects the fodder downwards and is used for loading the first 300 mm of fodder to prevent it from being thrown outside the mixing box; the second is used in the successive load-ing phase. The descent speed of the cutter carrying arms is adjustable manually on the cylinders’ oil flow regulator. An adjustable anti-drop valve arrests the fall of the cutter if the hydraulic circuit pressure diverges excessively from the adjustment val-ues. The silo unloading system is as-sisted by a hydraulically operated rear blade that facilitates the transfer into the wagon of the fodder that has been taken from the basal portions of the silo.

Transmission ratio p.t.o./mixing auger 38.6:1 mixing auger rotation speed revs/min 14 mixing auger peripheral speed m/s 0.69 mixing auger direction of rotation clockwise

Note: values collected at 540 revs/min of the power take-off Table 2 – Operating characteristics of the transmission components. The fodder is loaded by the cutter into the body through an opening in the rear wall; an innovative safety system protects the operator from

accidental contact with the cutter-mixer components when the arms are in a raised position. The device (Fig. 3) consists of a metal barrier

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which runs vertically on guides and which is activated by lateral return Fig.2 – Cutting rotor springs. The barrier has the task of closing the rear loading aperture when the arms are raised to prevent the operator from accidentally com-ing into contact with the cutter-mixer components; it is pushed downwards

by the arms during the loading of the fodder so that its introduction into the trailer is not obstructed. The characteristics of the loading components are shown in table 3.

Fig.3 – Protection system to prevent accidental contact with the cutter-mixer components .

Cutting rotor Width mm 1500 Diameter mm 645 Maximum working height * mm 4400 Blade smooth, straight no. 44 Angled to 45° no. 36 Rotation speed ** revs/min 604 Mobile blade Position rear Activation means hydraulic Articulation to trailer body rotation pin and hydraulic cylinder Protection device Type mobile metal barrier Position rear Activation means return springs

Note: (*) Determined at the cutter rotation axis; (**) values collected at 540 revs/min of the power takeoff Table 3 - Characteristics of the components for loading the fodder. Chopping-mixing system The creation of mixing flows is guaran-teed by the opposite pattern of the screws fitted onto the rotating shaft of the auger which is able to create two flows that converge towards the centre of the mixing box. As a result of the converging of these two flows an up-wards thrust is produced, which

causes the fodder to go up and conse-quently fall back down towards the extreme front and rear of the tank, completing the mixing cycle. The mixing is assisted by an oscillating hydraulically operated deflector posi-tioned on the right wall of the mixing box, which prevents the formation of blockages, distributing any accumula-

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tions of fodder alternately towards the front and rear sections of the box. The cutting is carried out by means of the added action of undulated blades bolted onto the external edge of the screw and fixed counter-blades posi-tioned onto the base of the box. The characteristics of the mixing com-ponents are shown in table 4. Weighing system The trailer is equipped with an elec-tronic digital weighing system made by the company Perin WeighMaster, model 225 S. The three load cells are flexible, and positioned at the vertexes of a hypo-thetical triangle that has the two ex-tremities of the axle and the towing eye of the trailer as it vertexes. An elec-tronic individually programmable con-trol, positioned on the front wall of the mixing box, gives an instant display of the load quantity. The option for the temporary zeroing of the values indi-cated enables partial quantities to be weighed. An acoustic signal, with an intermittent pre-alarm and a continu-ous alarm, allows loads or discharges of pre-set quantities to be carried out. The digits are 25 mm high and are shown on a rear lit liquid crystal display placed on a directional support, which enables it to be seen from various working angles. Supplementary dis-plays are available on request. The weighing system is pre-set to weigh at divisions of 5 kg, but can be programmed to values of 1, 2, 5 and 10 kg. The main characteristics of the system are illustrated in table 5. Product discharge device The mixed fodder is discharged through a door centrally positioned on the left side; it is possible to have a second door on the right side of the mixing box, on request. The thrust generated by the opposing screws of the auger cause the mix to converge

towards the centre of the box from which it flows out, onto one of a choice of two transversal chain and slat con-veyors activated by independent hy-draulic motors. The relative perform-ance data shown in the present certifi-cate refers only to the left outlet, whereas the main characteristics of both the devices are shown in table 6. The discharge speed can be adjusted using the rotation speed of the tractor’s engine, which, in turn actuates the mixing auger and the discharge con-veyor — in addition to the degree of aperture of the doors; to facilitate the control of the aperture dimensions of these, two indicators are positioned on the sides of the front wall of the body. Body Layout horizontal Height (mm) 2200 Dimension of loading aperture min-max (mm) 1520-3300

Volume (m3) 13 Counter-blades (n) 128 Type bolted bar

Max. overhang inside the body (mm) 48

Outlet aperture hydraulic,

central, bilateral position

Accessibility: front visual inspection grid

Cutting-mixing auger

Type horizontal with

opposing screws

Length (mm) 4060 Shaft diameter (mm) 320 Pitch (mm) 600 Height of the screw (mm) 280

Thickness of the screw (mm) 12

Blades (no.) 57 Table 4 - Characteristics of the chop-ping-mixing system

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Electronic control panel Model 225 S Ingredients which can be programmed at loading (no.) 1

Weights which can be programmed at discharge (no.)

1

Power supply (V) From 11 to 14

Display digits (no.) 5 Digit height (mm) 25 Division (kg) 5 Alarm system acoustic Weighing system Cells (no.) 3 Capacity cell (kg) 4500 Permissible overloading (%) 100 Sensitivity (mV/V) 0.8 Working temperature (°C) -20/+70 Degree of accuracy (%) 0.1

Table 5 - Characteristics of the Perin WeighMaster weighing system. Type: hydraulic door and chain and slat

conveyor, lateral to the body & cen-trally positioned

standard optional Outlet side left right Conveyor width (mm) 685 Conveyor length (mm) 650 500 Discharge height (mm) 540 585 Slats: - height (mm) 15

- inter-distance (mm) 200 Speed * (m/s) 1.6

(*) at 400 revs/min. Table 6 – Discharge devices.

TESTS The aim of the tests was to check the quality of the work carried out with particular emphasis on mixing uniform-ity and on cutting efficiency. In addi-tion, data regarding fuel consumption and the power used was collected. Given that the silo unloading device was designed mainly for loading from horizontal silos, the introduction of the hay was carried out with a grab loader towed by a second tractor, whose additional fuel requirements were not ascribed to the mixer trailer. The load-ing of the maize silage was carried out

using the silo-unloader from a horizon-tal silo with cutting face 3 m high. The mixer wagonwas powered by a lab tractor based on a Same Laser 130 DT with 95.6 kW of power at the flywheel, programmed to collect torque and revs data at the p.t.o. by means of a tor-quemeter, and data regarding the consumption of fuel by means of a flowmeter of 5 impulses/cm3. Con-sumption values attributed to the wagon, therefore, could be influenced by the type of tractor used or by its state of maintenance, and should be understood as indicative. Ration used A reference ration was used to provide comparable data with that collected from other machines under exactly the same working conditions. The test tation (table 7) was made up of four components characterised by very diverse physical-chemical properties and introduced in different percent-ages. The volume mass of the mix obtained in this way was 270 kg/m3; based on this value the maximum load quantity was calculated, programming the load as a function of the maximum quantity of hay which could be loaded, following the manufacturer’s instruc-tions. Therefore, taking a maximum load quantity of rye grass hay of be-tween 27 and 35 kg/m3 into considera-tion, it was possible to load 2512.5 kg of feedingstuffs without any product escaping from the body during the various working phases. The use of salt (NaCl) was aimed at simulating the behaviour of an additive introduced in small percentages (0.5%) into the mass. The soybean meal and the salt were loaded manually onto the mass to mix as the last components of the load. All the loading operations, excluding the additions of the soybean meal and the salt, which were carried out with the auger at a standstill, were carried

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out at a p.t.o. rotation speed of 540 revs/min. During discharge operations

the p.t.o. rotation speed was pro-grammed at 400 revs/min.

Component mass Content in

Feed (kg) (%) DM (%)

CP (%DM)

Na (%DM)

Ryegrass hay 350 13.9 89.8 4.8 < 0.1 Maize silage 2000 79.6 38.0 7.0 < 0.1 Soybean meal 150 6.0 88.2 51.9 < 0.1 Marker (NaCl) 12.5 0.5 97.1 * 26.7

Total and values expected 2512.5 100 48.5 11.2 0.33

(*) not applicable Table 7 - Characteristics of the ration used for the mixing test

Load Capacity The load capacity must be calibrated to the maximum quantity of hay which can be fed into it, in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. During the present tests the minimum quantity was opted for, corresponding to 350 kg of effective load, given the high voluminous characteristics of the hay used (Lolium italicum). Operating with shorter or more fragile hays, therefore, different results can be ob-tained, in terms of load quantity, com-pared with what is reported in the pre-sent certificate. The load tests were also used to test the efficiency of the innovative mobile safety barrier system installed for the first time on a mixer-feeder wagon for commercial use. The barrier offers protection by closing the rear wall of the machine when the arms are in a raised position. During the maize silage loading operations, when the arms start to lift, the protective barrier is immediately raised by two lateral return springs until the upper edge of the barrier reaches 1850 mm from the ground, making it impossible for the operator to come into contact with the cutter-mixer components. During the descent of the arms, in the first loading phase, no interference between the silage maize projected into the body and the safety barrier was noted. In a second central loading phase, the

protection barrier is gradually pushed downwards by the arms, which allows the fodder to be loaded normally in this phase. Only during the last 750-850 mm of travel of the silo unloader was any interference between the fodder and the protection barrier noted; this caused the silage to fall outside the body, but always in the cutter operat-ing area. In this phase the cutting drum throws the product back inside the body. This is assisted by the rear blade and facilitated by the shape of the cutter protection deflector to throw the silage over the upper edge of the bar-rier. Finally, a slight increase in loading times can be expected, which can be estimated at approximately 5-8%, due to the final loading phase. Cutting efficiency Cutting efficiency was tested on whole roll-baled rye grass hay. This product has physical characteristics that make it resistant to cutting and easy to be-come tangled around augers (a prob-lem which didn’t occur during the pre-sent tests) compared with the shorter hays of multi-grass meadows or the more friable ones from leguminous plants. Using these types of fodder, therefore, the cutting times will be consequently reduced compared to what is reported in the present certifi-cate.

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To evaluate the dimensional character-istics of the stalks before they were loaded into the trailer, samples of whole hay were taken from the bales intended for the tests. The hay was subsequently lifted with a grab loader and loaded into the body. On completion of loading the hay a 6 minute cutting phase was carried out, when this was completed the prepara-tion of the ration was completed. Product samples were taken at the mix outlet and subsequently dried in venti-lated ovens and manually separated according to size. The results of the experiment, reported in table 8, show the positive capability of the machine to take the quota of “useful” hay, i.e. that up to 60 mm, from 6.4% of the whole hay to 81.8% after cutting-mixing. Mixing efficiency When the loading of the ingredients was completed, mixing was started for a duration of 10 minutes, to allow all the ration components to blend uni-formly. This uniformity was evaluated by ana-lysing 10 samples of mix of approxi-mately 1.5 kg loaded product, while dropping, at regular intervals during the discharge of the fodder. The following were considered as indicators of uniformity: the content in dry matterl (DM), the level of crude protein (CP) and the sodium (Na) con-tent; the latter was analysed to evalu-ate the behaviour of additives added in small quantities to the load. The average values found in the mix were compared with the expected values inferred from the average con-sidered from the single loaded quantity and processed statistically to discern the variability within the loaded sam-ples, using the variation coefficient (CV) as the parameter. The results of the analyses are listed in table 9. As noted, all the indicators

supply results which can be compared with those expected theoretically, also taking into consideration the intrinsic variability of the different ingredients which cannot be attributed to the oper-ating characteristics of the machine. In addition, the CV, DM and CP val-ues, being greatly lower than the limit value (<10 %), are witness to the abil-ity of the machine to homogenise the ingredients very satisfactorily in opera-tive conditions where forages and concentrate feeds are used. If, how-ever, additives in small percentages are also used, on the basis of experi-ence to date, a slight increase in the indicated mixing times should be con-sidered. Fuel consumption and required power The above data, together with the effective operating times, is shown in table 10. The consumption and the power values taken in the hay loading phase refer only to the rotation of the auger because the product had been introduced with a grab loader activated by a second tractor. It is noted that the cutting of the hay requires an average power of approximately 16 kW, how-ever, in the loading phase, peaks of up to almost 50 kW were recorded, caused by the loading speed (134.6 kg/min) and by the characteristics of tenacity and length of the whole stalks. The silo unloader installed on the trailer was used for the loading of the maize silage, programmed for a de-scent speed of 0.11 m/s, with a conse-quent adjustment of the average power (36.8 kW) and peak power (62.0 kW) used. The operation, in any case, gave good loading rates results (approx. 690 kg/min) considering also the mobile protection barrier which had slightly prolonged the loading times of the product situated in the base of the silo. The mixing operations resulted in a unit consumption of 0.7 g of fuel per kg

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of mixed product with an hourly re-quirement of 11.6 kg and an average

power consumption of 33.4 kW.

Ryegrass hay Length class

(mm) whole (%)

chopped (%)

< 20 1.9 33.7 20-40 2.4 31.6 40-60 2.1 16.5 >60 93.6 18.2

Table 8 - Percentage of the various length classes before and after chopping-mixing.

Marker DM (%) CP (% DM) Na (% DM)

Expected average value 48.5 11.2 0.33 Actual average value (10 samples) 48.0 11.9 0.35

Standard deviation 0.69 0.69 0.04 CV (%) 1.4 5.7 11.6

Table 9 - Mixing uniformity.

Power absorbed

Work phase

Execution time (min)

Effective working capacity (kg/min)

Fuel consump-tion

(g)

Con-sumption per unit

(g/kg)

Hourly consump-

tion

(kg/h)

average (kW)

peak (kW)

Gradual hay loading 2.6 134.6 436.8 1.2 10.1 16.3 48.1

chopping 6 - 795.5 2.3 7.9 15.8 26.4

Maize silage loading 2.9 689.6 912.2 0.4 18.8 36.8 61.9

Soybean meal loading 0.8 187.5 - - - - -

Salt loading 0.5 25.0 - - - - - Mixing 10 - 1932 0.7 11.6 33.4 40.8 Discharge 2.6 956.7 (*) 405.7 0.2 9.4 15.9 29.3

(*) Considering a leftover of 25 kg. Table 10 – Performance and consumption when fully loaded.

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CONCLUSIONS In the work carried out no technical or operational problems of any impor-tance were encountered. The self-loading mixer-feeder wagon, Sgariboldi Mono 13 DF, gave good levels of operational performance. To obtain good results from the chop-ping–mixing system it is important to follow the instructions given by the manufacturer, as regards the maxi-mum quantities of hay which can be loaded. The mixing time should be selected according to the ingredients to be mixed. In these conditions, the uniformity of mixing and chopping efficiency tests enabled us to give a positive judgement of the machine. INDICATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS The machine is supplied with a multi-ple language use and maintenance manual, in compliance with current requirements. SAFETY TESTS The machine is fitted with the CE mark, an identification plate, safety pictograms and is supplied with an use and maintenance manual and a declaration of conformity. The declaration of conformity attests that the machine conforms to the following technical specifications and harmonised standards: UNI EN 294:1993; EN 1553:1999; prEN 703 (February 2001); ISO 11684:1995. From the analysis carried out and in relation to documentation sent from the manufacturer, there do not ap-pear to be inconsistencies with what is reported in the regulations cited. The relative documentation is depos-ited in the papers.

MODELS IN THE SAME SERIES On the basis of the results obtained one can conclude that, for all the Mono 13 DF series machines used under exactly the same test condi-tions, it would be possible to obtain results similar to those shown. The other models of mixer feeders, for which the extension of the present certificate has been awarded, are listed in table 11. Cert. No. Model Serial no.

21-005b Mono 16 DF D16D0080202

21-005c Mono 10 DF D10D0501101

21-005d Mono 7 DF D7E0461001

Table 11 - Other models of mixer-feeders for which the extension of the present certificate has been awarded.

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THE PRESENT TEST REPORT IS VALID FOR FIVE YEARS OR UNTIL THE REGULATIONS REFERRING TO THIS ARE MODIFIED FOR MONO 13 DF SELF-LOADING MIXER FEEDER WAGON AND RELATIVE EXTENSIONS, AND IS OFFICIALLY RECOGNISED BY THE MEMBERS OF ENAMA:

CIA (Confederazione Italiana Agricoltori) COLDIRETTI (Confederazione Nazionale Coltivatori Diretti) CONFAGRICOLTURA (Confederazione Generale Agricoltura) UNACMA (Unione Nazionale Commercianti Macchine Agricole) UNACOMA (Unione Nazionale Costruttori Macchine Agricole) UNIMA (Unione Nazionale Imprese Meccanizzazione Agricola)

AS WELL AS BY BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF ENAMA IN WITCH ARE REPRESENTED TOO:

MIPAF (Ministero per le Politiche Agricole e Forestali) Regioni e Province Autonome

ISMA (Istituto Sperimentale per la Meccanizzazione Agricola) THE TEST RESULTS ARE RECOGNIZED BY THE FOLLOWING TESTING STATIONS BELONGING TO ENTAM, WITH THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS:

BLT - Bundesanstalt für Landtechnik n° I - 015/02 (Rottenhauserstraββββe 1, A-3250 Wieselburg, AUSTRIA) DIAS – Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences n° 941-11b-26 Research Centre Bygholm (P.O. Box 536, DK-8700 Horsens, DENMARK) DLG - Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e. V. n° I - 5034 (Eschborner Landstraββββe 122, D-60489 Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY) FAT – Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für n° I - 13.02 Agrarwirtschaft und Landtechnik (8356 Tänikon B. Aadorf, SWITZERLAND)

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ENAMA - ENTE NAZIONALE PER LA MECCANIZZAZIONE

AGRICOLA VIA LAZZARO SPALLANZANI, 22/A - 00161 ROMA

PH. 06/4403137-4403872 FAX 06/4403712 email: info@enama.it http://www.enama.it

is the European Network for Testing of Agricultural Machines and its pur-pose is to promote a cooperation among testing stations in order to optimize activities and give a better service to farmers, dealers and manufacturers.

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