terrestrial/aquatic microbes at neon
TRANSCRIPT
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
The National Ecological Observatory Network is a project sponsored by the National Science
Foundation and managed under cooperative agreement by NEON Inc.
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SCIENCE DESIGN FOR
TERRESTRIAL MICROBIAL
ECOLOGY AT NEONJacob Parnell
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS) Field
Design
• Climate change• Land-use dynamics• Invasive species
• Biogeochemical cycles• Biodiversity and ecosystem function• Hydrological forecasting• Infectious diseases and environment
Drivers of biological and ecological change
Effects on organisms, populations, and
communities
Responses
Drivers
Interactions,Feedbacks
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS) Field
Design
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS) Field
Design
10
12
Time [s]
100
103
106
109
1012
Len
gth
[μ
m]
10
0
10
-3
10
3
10
6
10
9
Terrestrial & aquatic field sampling
Terrestrial & aquatic sensors
Airborne remote sensing
Satellite and external data
Metabolic processes,
CO2, O2, H2O exchange
Phenology,
productivity
Population dynamics, gas
and nutrient fluxes
Succession, biodiversity
Biogeochemical
cycles
Land surface interactions
500+ data products
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
What to measure & Frequency of measurements
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© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
What to measure & Frequency of measurements
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For the first 2 years, samples will be
collected every month in order to
determine seasonal variation at each
site. Three time points will be selected
that maximize the seasonal variability
for the duration of the project.
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
What to measure & Frequency of measurements
Material 16S ITS Meta-
transcriptome
Meta-
genome
qPCR Cell count
Soil 5400 5400 5400 1800 5400 0
Water 324 324 324 108 324 324
Sediment 324 324 324 108 324 324
Benthic 324 324 324 108 324 324
Total/yr 6372 6372 6372 2124 6372 972
Total 19116
0
191160 191160 63720 191160 29160
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Spatial design:
Author: Leslie Goldman
www.neoninc.org
A Scalable Strategy for Terrestrial Biological Measurements
Authors: Paul Duffy, Dave Barnett, Becky Kao, David Schimel and Elena Azuaje
One of the challenges facing the Terrestrial Biological
Measurement team is the development and
implementation of a scalable sampling framework that
satisfies multiple constraints that can vary among sites.
By utilizing multiple lines of evidence, this approach
provides a framework to be utilized for the deployment of
an iterative probability based sample design.
Introduction
Spatial Balance for Probability-Based Design Minimum Sample Size Q’s for Relative Allocation Among Strata
Multiple Constraints Guide the Design
Contact Information: [email protected]
Initial Vegetation Classification
A primary constraint is to
obtain sufficient data from
each vegetation type
sampled. To bound the
minimum number of samples,
a test of the difference in
slopes of a response through
time was considered. A mixed
effects, repeated measures
model with slopes as random
effects was used. Assuming a
compound symmetric
correlation structure, a
minimum sample size of 10
was selected.
What is the smallest percentage of total site area that
a vegetation class can occupy and still be sampled?
We assessed relative sample allocation using the
constraints of both 5% and 10% as the minimum relative
area for a vegetation type within a stratum. The 10%
minimum tends to result in sample allocation that is
consistent with the constraints from the classical sample
size calculation.
What assumptions can be used to develop an initial
allocation? As a starting point, we assumed that the area
of a given stratum was proportional to the standard
deviation of species richness. Initial data collection will
refine this assumption and reallocate sample size among
strata according to estimates based on site specific data.
• Classical approach used for minimum
sample size determination
• Stratification among vegetation types
• Homogeneous variability approach used
to determine relative allocation among
strata
• Generalized Random Tessellations
Sampling to obtain spatial balance with a
probability based design
• Complete sample provides alternative
plot locations and allows integration with
other investigations
• Approach is general and scalable
• Initial data collection will validate the
design assumptions and feedback to
refine calculations regarding sample
number, allocation, and frequency
LANDFIRE vegetation classes are simplified to create
strata that are used to guide the first stage of the design.
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Initial Data Collection for
Design Validation
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Hierarchical-recursive
subdivision Morton addresses Reverse Morton
addresses
Sequential ordering Reverse
Morton addresses
Randomized reverse
sequential ordering
Modified
Figure 1
taken from
Theobald
et al. 2007
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Spatial design:
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS) Field
Design
40m
40m
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Aquatic Observation System (AOS) Field Design
© 2012 National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Acknowledgements
Microbial Working Group:
G. King, L. Kinkel, L. Zeglin, C. Blackwood, N. Fierer, J. Gilbert
M. Allen, J. Tiedje, E. Triplett, D. Nemergut
Current/Previous NEON Scientists:
R. Gallery, K. Docherty, E. Hinckley, C. Meier, D. Barnett