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Impact of Renewable generation
ROME, October15th 2014
Workshop Greenpeace - Terna "Power30"
Index
- Innovative Solutions Implemented
- Main changes in the last years• From liberalization to nowadays• Investments in generation• Demand and Renewable trends• Curtailments of wind and solar plants
- Grid development in South Italy
- New challenges
2
IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION ROME, October 15th 2014
Main changes in the last yearsFrom liberalization to nowadays
Transmission Grid became the key factorfor new generation utilization
• Centralized planning of the system• Generation and Grid
• Development and Operation
• Lack of generation in respect of Demand• Big import from abroad• National generation mainly from Thermal
power plants, powered oil
• Stable growth of the Demand
• Liberalization of generation
• Investments in generation• New Thermo power plants (most in CCGT
technology): +22.000 MW• Renewable: wind and solar power plants
+26.000 MW
• Demand crisis• After the 2008 financial crisis
to 2000 2000-2014
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Main changes in the last years
Electricity Market boosts investments in generation
• Growth of conventional generation from 2002:
• +22.000 MW most in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine
• Renewable big growth from 2005
• Wind +7.000 MW
• Solar (Photovoltaic) +18.500 MW
• Investment mainly in the South, far from big consumers
Investments in generation
Thermo from 2002
+ 21.760 MW
(circa 38% al Nord)
(circa 43% al Sud )
2.700
800
750
700
3.200
1.300
150
540
190
760
2.940
2.460
4,520
750
Renewable big growth from 2005 to 1Q 2014
Overcoming from initial generation
undercapacity to satisfy the Demand to present
overcapacity
• In 2013 the peak demand has been satisfied
with a reserve margin up to 46%
2013
46%
ReservePeak Demand Reserve Margin
GW
8555
5
Installata Disponibile
2005
60
10%
from Under to Over capacity
Energy flows mainly from the South
Energy flows from liberalization to nowadays
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ROME, October 15th 2014IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
2,0 2,7 2,94,4 5,10,2 0,6
3,2
5,67,0
2,23,3
6,1
10,0
12,1
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Wind Photovoltaic
Source: Terna. data on operation of the Italian power system
Renewable big growth
• In 2013: Demand significantly satisfied by
Renewable: 12,1% from Wind and Photovoltaic
% Demand
Demand crisis and Renewable growth make system operation
more complex
• More flexible dispatching resources are needed
• Less regulation resources are available
0
10000
20000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
MWh
h
Demand not satisfied by Renewable
Evening issue: peak
Demand and reduction
of PV generation
Main changes in the last yearsDemand and Renewable trends
Demand crisis
• In 2013: back to 10yrs ago
IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
5
321
325
330
337
340 339
320
330
335
328
317
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
-3.05%
(1)
Back to 2003 level
318
ROME, October 15th 2014
OFF-PEAK
HIGH RAMP
Peak values of Demand satisfied by RES production
hourly and daily in South Italy and Sicilia
Curtailments and demand satisfied by RES (wind and solar)
Main Changes in the last years
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
RES energy and curtailment 2009 - 2013GWh
RES Curtailment 9.7% 4.8% 1.3% 0.5% 0.4%
26%
37%59%
89% 81%
44%
56%
88%
138%
126%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Max giorno Max ora
Innovative Solutions Implemented
� Active power: Phase shifter
transformer (PST)
� Reactive power: Reactors/Capacitors,
synchronous compensators
� Storage devices
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Management
of energy flow
Transfer Capacity
Smart Grid
Solutions
� Prediction of RES generation
� Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS)
� Automatic tripping devices and real-
time configuration changes
� New Lines
� Optimization of existing
overhead lines
� Dynamic Rating
Innovative Solutions Implemented
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
PST
CAPACITOR
STORAGE SYSTEMS
REACTOR
SYNC.COMPENSATOR
STUDY FOR NEW
PST ON CROSS
BORDER SECTION
STUDY FOR NEW PST
ON CROSS BORDER
SECTION
Grid development in South Italy
� 2.000 km of new lines
� 70 new substations
� ~ 5 Mld€ investments
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
New lines and
RES connections
Upgrade existing
overhead lines
Dynamic Thermal
Rating
� First application on 100 km of 150 kV lines in South
Italy with an increase of transmission capacity of about
250 MW
� Applications on EHV voltage level grid in progress
� 1.500 km of lines on 150 kV grid
� ~ 1 Mld€ investments
New Challenges
ROME, October 15th 2014
10Dispatching and Energy Operation
IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
• Coordination TSO-DSOs
In order to have as much information as possible concerning MV and LV generation and to improve
systems coordination
• Advanced Dispatching of RES
Estimation/forecast at short time of the renewable generation and assessment in real time of RES by
Advance Dispatching in order to guarantee the security
EU Market – Integration in Real Time
European market integration (both Energy and Dispatching Markets), in order to:
� cope opportunities in exchange of efficient energy between Markets
� share dispatching resources, with improvement of security and efficiency
� Opportunities for producers to sell resources also abroad
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Back-Up
Renewable prod
Demand
22116
5713
Nord
1071 1288
Sardegna
Wednesday
14/05/2014 h 12
Monday
28/04/2014 h12
Sunday
07/04/2013 h13
5126
2524
CSud
Thursday
14/03/2013 h10
Sud
2009
2739
Sicilia
(*)
3462
4701
Tuesday
14/05/2013 h12
4275
CNord
1577
Monday
24/06/2013 h13
(*)
(*) considering the Wind reduction applied in real time
Considering data up to 2014, June 30thConsidering data up to 2014, June 30th
MW
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Demand supplied by RESPeak of renewable production (Wind and Photovoltaic)
ROME, October 15th 2014
Terna’s experience in Storage
Procurement
Authorization
Construction
Project Evolution
Energy Intensive Line
� Scope: Solve Grid congestion / bottlenecks
� Total Capacity: 35MW
� Technology: NaS Sodium Sulfur
� Number of Projects: 3
� Localization: Southern Italy
Power Intensive Line
� Scope: Safe management of the grid
� Total Capacity: 40MW1
� Technology: Lithium, Zebra, Others
� Number of Projects: 2
� Localization: Main Islands
� Site Preparation:
on going (2 Projects)
� Site Preparation:
on going
Phase1: “Storage Lab”
� Total Capacity: 75MW
� 2 different Project Lines serving different scope
�Central: Done
�Building Permit: Done�Central: Done
�Building Permit: In Progress
�Modules: Completed
� System: Completed
�Modules: Completed
� System: Under way
1. Of which 16MW in Phase 1, so called “Storage Lab”
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Future challenges
Price Zone > Pool Price
Price Zone < Pool Price
Congestions have been gradually reduced, whilst price differential among zones has
been significantly reduced
Impact of RES generation on the Energy MarketTotal Benefits 2007-2013 in the day ahead energy market
Investments have been gradually increased from 616 M€ to 1.212 M€
(*) period: January-May
2013
Pool Price
63€/MWh
62
61
59
Minimum
Price (57)
92
61
2011
70
Minimum
Price (69)
71
71
93
80
Pool Price
72€/MWh
2007
Minimum
Price (68)
73
73
73
80
75
Pool Price
71€/MWh
Pool Price
50€/MWh
50
47
46
Minimum
Price (44)
72
2014*
47
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
Impact of RES generation on the Energy Market
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION
5.100 5.000
4.500
3.8003.500
3.200
2.700
2.100
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
-60%
• Equivalent hours of Natural Gas Power Plants in operation (hh)
Hours reduction of CCGT* power plants in operation
* The power plants considered are CCGT and Dual fuel qualified and not to Ancillary Service Market
Impact of RES generation on the Ancillary Services Market
ROME, October 15th 2014
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IMPACT OF RENEWABLE GENERATION