Terms

• Vienna: Capital of Austrian Empire and center of Classical Music• Paris: Capital of France and center

of Enlightenment Art & Society

Art & Culture During the Enlightenment

BaroqueBaroque

• Ornate, dramatic, artistic style developed in Europe in the 1550’s

RembrandtRembrandt

RococoRococo• style of 18th-century

painting and decoration characterized by lightness, delicacy, and elaborate ornamentation

Boucher’s Fountain of Love

Boucher’sMadameBergeret

Boucher’sMorningCoffee

Boucher’s Love Letters

Boucher’s Madame la Pompdour

Boucher’s The Flute Lesson

Boucher’s Grape Eaters

Fragonard’s Mother &

Child

You are listing to Johannes Sebastian Bach’s

Brandenburg Concerto

Fragonard’s If Only He Were As Faithful to Me

Fragonard’s The Captured Kiss

Fragonard’s The Stolen Kiss

Fragonard’s The Swing

Clodion’s Poetry & Music

Clodion’s Montesquieu

Clodion’s A Vestal

Clodion’s Cartelen

Gainsborough’s Mr. & Mrs. Andrews

Gainsborough’s Mrs. Howe

Gainsborough’s Sarah Siddons

Gainsborough’s Blue Boy

Serves: French Royal

Porcelain

English Wedgewood

John Smart’s Miniatures

French Furniture

Newton’s Tomb

Jefferson’s Monticello

Jefferson’s University of Virginia

Versailles: Temple of Love

Royal Scottish Academy

Enlightenment Art

• Roccoco to Neoclassical• Romantic Love• Classical Greek Themes • Portraits – Full Size

and Miniatures

Boucher’s Madame la Pompdour

Fragonard’s The Stolen Kiss

Clodion’s Montesquieu

Gainsborough’s Blue Boy

English Wedgewood & French Serves

Jefferson’s Monticello

A Parisian Salon

Madame Geoffrin’s Salon

The Salonnieres

Madame Geoffrin

(1699-1777)MademoiselleMademoiselle

Julie de Julie de LespinasseLespinasse

(1732*-1776)(1732*-1776)

MadameMadameSuzanne Suzanne NeckerNecker

(1739-1794)(1739-1794)

Baroque Music

• Developed new instrumental playing techniques

• Established opera as musical genre

Johannes Sebastian BachJohannes Sebastian Bach• 1685-1750• Baroque Music• Counterpoint: 2 or more

melodies combined• Fugue: instruments and/or

voices play variations of same melody at same time

• Organ• Harpsichord

•Brandenburg Concerto

•Toccata & Fugue in D Minor

The Musical Offering

Violin Sonata No.1 in G Minor

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759

• German Composer• Messiah, “Hallelujah”

chorus• Inspired Beethoven and

Mozart

Classical Music

• Had more elegant, graceful feel than Baroque

• Gave importance to symphony, string quartet

Classical Music

• Symphony- long, complex musical compositions scored for orchestras

• String Quartet- musical ensemble of 4 string instruments: 2 violins, a viola and a cello

Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)

• Often called “father of the symphony and the string quartet”

• The Creation, The Seasons

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

• Composed more than 600 works

• Child prodigy

Legacy of Enlightenment1.1. Democratic revolutions: America, Democratic revolutions: America,

Amsterdam, Brussels, and especially in Amsterdam, Brussels, and especially in Paris in the late 1780sParis in the late 1780s

2.2. Reform, democracy, and republicanism.Reform, democracy, and republicanism.

3.3. New forms of civil society –-- clubs, New forms of civil society –-- clubs, salons, lending libraries, & professional salons, lending libraries, & professional organizations.organizations.

4.4. Individual had come into existence as Individual had come into existence as a political and social force to be a political and social force to be reckoned with.reckoned with.