Teresa Thomas, RN, BSN, MBA-HCM

Seminar 1

• Located under the DocSharing tab

• Please read in its entirety– Pay special attention to:

• Late Policy• How to Label your Work and Email

EX: TThomas Unit 3 Option 2

• Grading and Rubrics• Due Dates• Plagiarism Policy

Attendance @ Seminar• Flex Seminar: Invitations sent by Tuesday• Check Calendar View weekly for the Seminar you want to attend

• If you don’t receive an invite by Wednesday morning, email your professor prior to so that another invitation can be sent

• Purpose: Give an overview of Unit’s Chapters• Grading: Review grading rubric in the Class Syllabus

– Expectations• Be on time, stay the full hour• Active relevant participation• Questions/Responses during seminar

Option 2• You must complete and submit if you did not attend one of the

available seminars• Directions are listed under each Unit tab – click on the “seminar icon”

located to the right. Then scroll down to view the directions.• Review grading rubric for Option 2 in the Class Syllabus

– Expectations• Well Written Response – must include a reference per the directions.

• Not all Units contain a Discussion Board activity• Initial response required by Saturday• Recommend Posting early in the Week

– Allows for others to respond– Assists in meeting participation requirements

• Post at least 2 other responses to your classmates by Tuesday

• Must contain a reference if you use material from another source.

• Use Spell Checker and proper grammar

The Final Project needs to be a PPT: Use APA formatting– Where to find APA information…

• apastyle.org• Kaplan Writing Center

– Reference any information that does not come from your own ideas or thoughts….

– Pictures or Figures (watch copyright issues)

Final Project – Unit 9– Lists the directions– Submit in Microsoft PPT only

• The 50-point diagram quiz is based on the material from the Unit.

• The Diagram Quizzes are for you to assess your ability to diagram structures correctly.

• These diagrams are set up to help you practice your knowledge. – They are required!– It is recommended that you take them more than

once, if you do not score the full 50 points.– The diagrams are due by the end of this Unit.

• Read ALL of the instructions prior to attempting to complete the diagrams.– Practice, Practice, Practice – this is how we learn!

• Midterm is in Unit 5– Seminar will be a review of the previous Units covered on the

Midterm– 3 hours to take the exam – 100 questions– Save answers often!

• Final Exam is in Unit 10– Covers all of the course Units– Has more questions from Units 6 through 10– 3 hours to take the exam– Contains a Diagram– Save answers often!

Thibodeau, G. & Patton, K. (2007). Structure & Function of the Body. Mosby– Etext available under the DocSharing Tab– Read the preface to learn the textbook set-up– Use the CD that accompanies the textbook

• Animation Direct– Narrated , Anatomical Concepts & Physiological

Principles• Classroom Unit tabs

– Readings: Textbook PPT’s, Anatomy Andy, Flashcards, Games, Puzzles

– Discussion Board (not for every Unit)– Seminar: Flex and Option 2– Quiz (Diagram Quiz)

• Announcements– Please check frequently

– For my Sections: My Contact information

• Questions thus far?

• Let’s get started – Unit 1

• Chapter 1– Structure Level and Organization– Anatomical Positions– Body Cavities & Regions– Plane & Body Structures– Homeostasis– Feedback Loops

• Chapter 4– Eleven Organ Systems of the Body

• The study of the structure of the parts of the body:– ANATOMY

• The study of the function of the parts:– PHYSIOLOGY

• Disruption of physiology can lead to disease

• Study of diseases of body: – PATHOLOGY

• There is an order to the body arrangement– It is the way the body is organized– This is called the hierarchy of the body– The smallest level is the chemical level:

Atom cell tissue organ

organ system organism (body)

• These are landmarks for giving directions• Universal terms used by Health Care Professionals• This is the way we communicate about areas regarding

the human body: (i.e.)– Body position

• Anatomical, Supine, Prone

– Body direction• Superior & Inferior, Anterior & Posterior, Medial &

Lateral, Proximal & Distal, Superficial & Deep

– Body Planes (Sections)• Sagittal, Midsagittal, Frontal, Transverse

– Body Cavities• Ventral & Dorsal, Thoracic, Abdominopelvic

• Any references made to structures from now on assume Anatomical Position

• It is the

– the patient’s right and left (not yours)

• ASSUME ALL DIRECTIONS START HERE

• Supine – lying face upward

• Prone – lying face downward

Superior “above” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical

position like someone who is “superior” Cephalad or Cranial

towards the head Inferior

“below” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical position

like someone who feels less than or “inferior” Caudal

towards the tail

Anterior Towards the front of the body Also called – Ventral “venter” = Latin for belly Anterior and Ventral mean towards the belly or front of the

body Posterior

Towards the back of the body Also called - Dorsal “dorsum” = Latin for back Posterior and Dorsal mean towards the back of the body

• Not really above, not really towards the front……..

• Medial– Toward the midline of the body

• Lateral– Toward the side of the body, away from

midline

Example

The heart is ___ to the lungs and the lungs are ________ to the heart.

• There are special terms used especially for the limbs

• Proximal– toward or closest the point of attachment or

trunk– “close proximity”

• Distal– away from the point of attachment or trunk– “distance”

Now….Let’s look at some examples!

The elbow is to the wrist

The fingernail is to the knuckle

The hip is to the knee.

The fingers are to the shoulder.

• The next terms are used to describe the position of structures relative to the body surface

• Superficial– towards the surface of the body– more external

• Deep– away from the surface of the body– more internal

• 3 common planes frequently used to:– describe dissections– to look inside an organ or the body as a whole

• Frontal Plane– “coronal plane”– This is a vertical plane– Divides the body into anterior/posterior parts

• Transverse Plane– “Cross-Sectional” or “Axial”– horizontal plane runs parallel to ground– diving body into cranial/caudal parts

• Sagittal– Divides body into right and left

sides

– Runs from front to back

• Frontal or Coronal Plane– Anterior/Posterior halves

– Runs for side to side

• Traverse Plane is cross sectional- Runs parallel to ground

- Divides body into upper and lower halves

• “Cavity” - any hollow place or space in the human body

• Major cavities are used to divide body into regions and describe the organs found within

• Viscera– fancy term used to describe the organs

within a cavity

• Visualize the body in anatomical position

• Locate the dorsal & ventral regions

• Dorsal Cavity– towards the back– subdivided into 2 cavities

• Cranial cavity - houses the cranium and brain

• Spinal cavity - houses the spinal cord and vertebral column

• Ventral Cavity– towards the front of the body– Subdivided into 2 cavities

• Thoracic Cavity– superior ventral cavity – everything from the diaphragm to the neck– has right and left side which houses the

lungs– contains an area with tissues and organs

between the lungs called the mediastinum

• Inferior ventral cavity:• Abdominopelvic Cavity

– everything from the diaphragm to the groin area

– Subdivides into:• Abdominal cavity

– superior abdominopelvic cavity– contains digestive organs (except sigmoid

colon)

• Pelvic cavity– inferior abdominopelvic cavity– contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder,

sigmoid colon, rectum

• Abdominal Cavity is divided into 9 regions

– Rt hypochondriac

– Epigastric

– Lt hypochondriac

– Rt lumbar

– Umbilical

– Lt lumbar

– Rt iliac

– Hypogastric

– Lt iliac

• Four roughly equal sections

• Named according to relative position

**Remember Anatomical Right & Left**

• All the systems work together to promote balance

• Homeostasis• The ability for the body to maintain an internal

environment for proper function• The body functions best at homeostasis• When the body moves away from homeostasis, you

move toward disease

• Loss of homeostasis at any level of the hierarchy can affect the rest of the body

• Ultimate loss of homeostasis = Death

• There is a negative feedback loop and a positive feedback loop

• The most common is _________________?• Think about the thermostat in your house.

– Cold air comes in the house, temp falls, and the thermostat tells the furnace to turn on. Furnace produces heat and warms the house. Bringing it back to normal.

– Your body works the same way

• Positive feedback loops– Increases a rate of events to occur until something

stops the process

• There are 11 major organ systems– Integumentary– Skeletal– Muscular– Nervous– Endocrine– Cardiovascular– Lymphatic– Respiratory– Digestive– Urinary– Reproductive

When you choose a disease for your project, you will choose a disease from one of the systems that we cover in this course. Be sure to review the syllabus content outline, which lists the systems that we cover.

They are: Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, and Endocrine systems

• Weekly:– Complete the readings and online materials.

– Attend Seminar

– Complete the discussion/participation requirements if required for the Unit.

– Take the Diagram Quiz if required for the Unit.

• When you send an email :– Remember to add your name, section number and

subject to email subject line• Ex: tthomas section#00 Unit 3 Diagram Quiz

Question

• Questions?