tepe wind electricity power plant...

APRIL 2013 / REV 2

APRIL 2013 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REPORT

TEPE WIND ELECTRICITY POWER

PLANT PROJECT

TEPERES ELECTRICITY GENERATION CO. INC. TEVFİKBEY MAH. İSTİKLAL CAD. TEKİN SOK. NO: 27

SEFAKÖY / ISTANBUL TEL: + 90 212 624 45 32

AKYA PROJECT SURVEY ENG. CONS. CO. LTD.

ÖVEÇLER MAH. 1327 SOK. 10/15 ÖVEÇLER / ANKARA

TEL: + 90 312 433 23 15

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Typewritten Text

E2682v9

TEPE WIND ELECTRICITY POWER PLANT PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

AKYA PROJECT SURVEY ENG. CONS. CO. LTD. Page 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 3

2. RESPONSIBLE PARTY ............................................................................................. 5

2.1 TEPERES ELECTRICITY GENERATION CO. INC. ..........................................................................5

2.2 CONSULTANT FOR PREPERATION OF EMP (Akya Project Survey Eng. Cons. Co. Ltd.) .............5

3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 6

3.1 PROJECT DEFINITION AND TARGETS .......................................................................................6

3.2 PROJECT’S LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..............................................................................................6

3.2.1 LEGAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE MUNICIPALITIES ...........................................................6

3.2.2 EUROPEAN UNION LEGISLATION................................................................................8

3.2.3 WORLD BANK PROCEDURES .......................................................................................9

3.3 PROJECT LOCATION...............................................................................................................10

3.4 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT LOCATION ..............................12

3.4.1 Population ................................................................................................................12

3.4.2 General Geology .......................................................................................................12

3.4.3 Seismicity Characteristics .........................................................................................12

3.4.4 Meteorological Characteristics .................................................................................13

3.4.5 National Parks, Natural Parks and Nature Protection Parks in the Region ...............14

3.4.6 Ecological Characteristics .........................................................................................14

3.4.7 Cultural Heritage ......................................................................................................14

3.4.8 Socio-economical Situation ......................................................................................14

3.5 EXISTING FACILITY .................................................................................................................15

3.6 TECHNICAL COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT.........................................................................15

4. MITIGATION PLAN .............................................................................................. 16

4.1 POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT MEASURES.....................................16

4.1.1 Possible Effects during Construction ........................................................................16

4.1.2 Possible Effects during Operation.............................................................................18

4.2 MITIGATION PLAN AGAINST POSSIBLE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT ......................19

5. MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................................ 25

6. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................ 30

7. CONSULTATIONS WITH AFFECTED GROUPS AND NON -GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS................................................................................................. 32



APPENDIXES: Annex 1 : 1:25000-Scale Topographic Map Annex 2 : Ornithological Report Annex 3 : Documents of Public Participation Meeting

LIST OF TABLES Table: 3.1- The Fastest Wind Speed and Direction (m/sec) .....................................................13

Table: 3.2- Average Wind Speed (m/sec) .................................................................................13

Table: 3.3- Predominant Wind Direction (m/sec) ....................................................................13

Table: 3.4-. Long Years Maximum and Minimum Temperature ..............................................13

Table: 3.5-. Long Years Average Temperature .........................................................................13

Table: 3.6- Long Period Rainfall ................................................................................................14

Table: 4.1- Possible Negative and Positive Impacts .................................................................16

Table: 4.2- Mitigation Plan against Negative Impacts ..............................................................20

Table: 5.1- Monitoring Plan ......................................................................................................26

LIST OF FIGURES Figure: 3.1- Project Location Map ............................................................................................10

Figure: 3.2- Turbine Locations and Access Road ......................................................................11

Figure: 3.3.- Earthqake Zone Map of İstanbul ..........................................................................12

Abbreviations

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP Environmental Management Plan

EU European Union

MoEU Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning

WB World Bank



1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Responsible Party

The main responsible Parties for preparation, control, approval of this “Environmental Management Plan” within under the scope of “Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant” are as follows:

- Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. - Consultant (Akya Project Survey Eng. Cons. Co. Ltd.)

Responsibilities after preparation of the Environmental Management Plan during implementation of the Project (construction and operation) are as follows:

- Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. - Contractor - Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning

Project Description

0,85 MW installed capacity Teperes has been commissioning on 22.12.2006 in Istanbul Buyukcekmece Kamiloba District Kurşuntepe locality by Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. Capacity increase with 2 wind turbine to Teperes Project (total capacity increase would be 6 MW) has been planned based on decision of Republic of Turkey Energy Market Regulatory Authority Meeting on 27.10.2010

Mitigation Plan

During construction and operational stage of “Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant”, there will be positive and negative impacts to the environment, specifically to the followings:

- Waste Production (solid & liquid wastes, hazardous wastes) - Traffic - Air Quality - Noise & Vibration(Project noise level will be lower than background noise level that is

arising from motorway near the project area) - Landscape - Archaeological and historical artifacts - Flora and Fauna



- Occupational Health & Safety - Socioeconomic

There are some measures to be taken to mitigate the major potential negative impacts on soil, water, air and other media during planning, design, construction and operation period. Contractor and Operator have the responsibility for the implementation of these measures according to Turkish environmental legislation and other relevant regulations and standards.

Monitoring Plan

For monitoring of the environmental impacts and implementation of mitigation measures, a monitoring plan is prepared. This monitoring plan shall be executed with the responsibility of mainly Contractor, Operator and also other institutions that are relevant according to Regulations.

Institutional Arrangements

The organizations and institutions responsible for implementation and monitoring of Environmental Management Plan are as the following:

- Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc.

- Contractor

Recommendations on implementation of the mitigation measures, monitoring and reporting responsibilities during planning, construction and operational phase is explained in this Chapter.

Consultations with Affected Groups and Non-Governmental Organizations

A consultation will be organized for informing the affected groups and receiving their opinion about the Project. After the consultation, minutes of meeting will be transferred to DBT.



2. RESPONSIBLE PARTY

The main responsible Parties for preparation, control and approval of this “Environmental Management Plan” within under the scope of “Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant” are as follows.

- Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. - Consultant (Akya Project Survey Eng. Cons. Co. Ltd.)

Responsibilities after preparation of the Environmental Management Plan during implementation of the Project are as follows. Responsibilities of these Parties are detailed in Chapter 6.

- Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. - Contractor - Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning

2.1 TEPERES ELECTRICITY GENERATION CO. INC.

As Investor of the “Tepe Wind Electricty Power Plant Project”, Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. is fully responsible both for preparation and implementation of Environmental Management Plan. For preparation of the “Environmental Management Plan”, the Investor has assigned a Consultant. With the assistance of the Consultant, the Investor’s main responsibilities shall be as follows:

• The company is responsible for issues which are obliged with laws and regulations for this project.

2.2 CONSULTANT FOR PREPERATION OF EMP (Akya Project Survey Eng. Cons. Co. Ltd.)

Akya Project Survey Eng. Cons. Co. Ltd. is assigned by the Operator for preparation of “Environmental Management Plan”. The main responsibilities of the Consultant shall be as follows:

• Preparation of the “Environmental Management Plan”, • Within the scope of the EMP, assessment of the possible impacts to the environment,

preparation of the mitigation and monitoring plan, guidance on institutional arrangements.

• Be open to comments from affected groups and local environmental authorities regarding environmental aspects of project.



3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 PROJECT DEFINITION AND TARGETS

Turkey is a rapidly developing country. The Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) in Turkey was 2490 in 2011. This figure is expected to increase with economic growth.

Increased energy demand increases necessity of low priced energy at the same time. In addition, transport over long distances of energy is caused the energy loss. Therefore, consumption of energy in the produced area has great importance in terms of energy savings.

The investments on renewable energy are very important by reason of lack of energy source in our country.

The project area is located in the most intense industrial region of turkey. Çorlu-Çerkezköy Industrial Zone is located at west of the project area, Hadımköy Industrial Zone is located at north-east of project area, Büyükçekmece Industrial Zone is located at east of the project area. This location makes the project more valuable

0,85 MW installed capacity Teperes has been commissioning on 22.12.2006 in Istanbul Buyukcekmece Kamiloba District Kurşuntepe locality by Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc. Capacity increase with 2 wind turbine to Teperes Project (total capacity increase would be 6 MW) has been planned based on decision of Republic of Turkey Energy Market Regulatory Authority Meeting on 27.10.2010.

3.2 PROJECT’S LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Legal framework of the Project is defined according to Turkish and EU Legislation as well as DBT and World Bank Procedures. These legislative issues (law and regulations) and procedures are summarised as following.

3.2.1 LEGAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE MUNICIPALITIES

The law on Authorising the Institutions Other than Turkish Electricity Authority with Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Trade (Law 3096)

The requirements to carry out electricity generation activities for the private entities other than Electricity Authority of Turkey were determined by this law.



Electricity Market Law (4628)

The requirements for providing free competition market with respect to generation and sale of electricity were determined by Electricity Market Law.

Law on Use of Renewable Energy Resources for Generating Electrical Energy (5346)

The requirements on the use of Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity Generation were determined by this law.

Environmental Law (2872)

According to Article 8 of Environmental Law No: 2872 “Actions such as directly or indirectly dumping wastes into receiving media or storage, transportation or removal thereof in such a manner as to create damages to the environment and contrary to the standards and methods prescribed in respective Regulations are banned”.

The Regulation on Environmental Impact Assessment (2008) governs environmental impact assessment of investment projects in Turkey and is largely in line with the EU Directive on EIA. Since Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant Project, it’s not under the scope of EIA Regulation Appendix I and Appendix II List. Accordingly, Project Introduction Report or Environmental Impact Assessment Report shall not be prepared.

During the implementation of the project and Environmental Management Plan, outside of these regulations the following regulations will take into consideration:

− Directive on Evaluation of Environmental Impact Assessment − Environmental Audit Regulation − Environmental Permit and Licenses Regulation − Industrial Air Pollution Control Regulation − Regulation on Assessment and Management of Air Quality − Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise − Water Pollution Control Regulation − Regulation on Construction of Cesspits Where There Is No Wastewater Collection System − Solid Waste Control Regulation − Packaging Waste Control Regulation − The Excavation, Construction and Demolition Waste Control Regulation − Waste Oil Control Regulation − Regulation on Landfill of Wastes − Hazardous Wastes Control Regulation − Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and Contaminated Sites by Point Sources − Regulation on End-of-life Tiers − Waste Batteries and Accumulators Control Regulation − Regulation on General Principals of Waste Management − Labor Law no. 4857 and bylaws and directives



And Environment Law no 2872 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette dated 11.08.1983 no. 18132, Law on Groundwater no 167, Aquaculture Law No 1380, Soil Conservation and Land Use Law No 5403and directives issued with respect to these laws and relevant legislation in force shall be abided by, and the criteria required by legal arrangements with respect to matters such as permit, license, grant etc. necessary for the plant shall be complied with.

3.2.2 EUROPEAN UNION LEGISLATION

The objective of the EU Directives is to protect, preserve and improve the environment for present and future generations. To achieve this, it proposes policies that ensure a high level of environmental protection in the European Union and that preserve the quality of life.

EU makes sure that Member States correctly apply EU environmental law. In doing so it investigates complaints made by citizens and non-governmental organizations and can take legal action if it is deems that EU law has been infringed.

Below items are European Commission Environmental policies;

− Air − Bio-technology − Chemicals − Environmental Economics − Enlargement and Neighboring Countries − Industry and Technology − International Issues − Land Use − Nature and Biodiversity − Noise − Soil − Sustainable Development − Waste − Waste and Marine

In scope activities for approximation of legislation with EU Legislation, targets are defined. For the approximation of environmental legislation, relevant targets and programs are planned in the content of NESAP (National Environmental Strategy and Action Plan). Accordingly, most of these directives are endorsed into Turkish environmental legislation.



3.2.3 WORLD BANK PROCEDURES

Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

Activities carried out under the project will conform to current Turkish Environmental Regulations and Procedures and the World Bank’s Safeguards Policies, specifically including Environmental Assessment (EA) policy outlined in Operational Policy 4.01, and others where applicable.

According to World Bank procedures, Projects are classified in 3 categories and scope of the environmental assessment of theses 3 categories differs:

- Category A: Project is likely to have significant impacts that may be sensitive, irreversible and diverse, or unprecedented. The impacts may affect an area broader that the sites of facilities subject to the physical works.

- Category B: The impact on human population or environmentally important areas is less adverse than those of Category A projects. The impacts are site specific and few, if any, are irreversible.

- Category C: Minimal or no adverse environmental impact

Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant Project is in “Category B”. During implementation of the Project (construction & operation), mitigation measures shall be taken to minimize the environmental effects and monitoring plans shall be prepared for better implementation of these mitigation measures. This “Environmental Management Plan” is prepared accordingly.

Cultural Property (OPN 11.03)

If any archaeological remains are discovered, as the national law requires, the excavation and construction works should be ceased at this location and the local Department of Culture and Tourism should be informed immediately. Turkish laws and practices meet the World Bank requirements.

Law No. 2863 dd. 21.07.1983 on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Assets (revised through the amendment issued on 27.07.2004 dated Official Gazette) as well as the Regulation on Researches, Drillings and Excavations in Relation to the Cultural and Natural Assets, which was published in the Official Gazette No. 18485 dd. 10.08.1994, for example, define the proceedings and obligations concerning the cultural and natural assets found out during construction.

Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)

Information of the acquisition of land before the construction period will be reported to Development Bank of Turkey separately and it will be submitted to World Bank by Development Bank of Turkey.



3.3 PROJECT LOCATION

The project is located in Istanbul Buyukcekmece Kamiloba District Kurşuntepe locality. Edirne-Istanbul (E 80) motorway and Edirne-Istanbul (D 100) highway are located the south of Project area. The project area is located west of the Kumburgaz access road that connects highway and motorway

There are rural areas around the project area. The nearest residential area is Kamiloba District that is located 2 km from the project area.

Project location on Turkey map and Turbine Locations and Access Road are given in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2.

Figure: 3.1- Project Location Map



Figure: 3.2- Turbine Locations and Access Road



3.4 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT LOCATION

3.4.1 Population

The total population of the Büyükçekmece was 171,222 at the end of 2009 according to address-based population registration system.

3.4.2 General Geology

Around Istanbul has successive polyphase deformation tectonically and includes highly complex structural properties. At the North, The most important known structure is approximately east-west trending thrust fault that is seen around Sarıyer-Zekeriyaköy. Through the overlay, the Paleozoic aged underlying units have been thrust over the Mesozoic aged unit. In the paleozoic basement rocks, different sizes faults which are small and medium-scale compressive and tensile characters are available. However, they are considered that are not active today.

3.4.3 Seismicity Characteristics

Project area is located in second degree seismic zone. North Anatolian fault zone, one of the Turkey's and world’s most well-known active tectonic line, passes through about 20-30 km of South of the study area in Marmara Sea. As it is known, this zone is still active. 17 August and 12 November 1999 earthquakes were formed due to movements on this fault line.

Against the risk of an earthquake that may occur in the region, the plant should be constructed in accordance with the Regulation on Buildings in Disaster Areas.

Figure: 3.3.- Earthqake Zone Map of İstanbul

Seismicity zones 1. Degree 2. Degree 3. Degree 4. Degree 5. Degree



3.4.4 Meteorological Characteristics

Especially in Istanbul, climate is under the influence of mobile air system. Because of its topography, Istanbul has different climate features as Aegean, Mediterranean and continental climate features. As a result of this, winter and spring months are mild and rainy, summer months are usually hot and dry. Region receives abundant rainfall in winter and spring.

For project area, Florya station monthly and annual meteorological data are given in the following tables. These wind data does not express the project site.

Table: 3.1- The Fastest Wind Speed and Direction (m/sec)

Months I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII ANNUAL Wind direction NNW N SSW N NE N NNW N ENE NNE SSW SSW SSW Wind speed 23.1 16.6 19.3 19.8 18.3 16.0 15.8 14.7 17.9 16.0 28.1 21.7 28.1

Table: 3.2- Average Wind Speed (m/sec)

onths I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII ANNUAL Average Wind Speed

2.8 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.5

Table: 3.3- Predominant Wind Direction (m/sec)

Months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Predominant Wind Direction

NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE NNE

Speed 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.8

Table: 3.4-. Long Years Maximum and Minimum Temperature

Months I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII ANNUAL Maximum Temperature (°C)

17.0 21.0 26.0 30.5 33.5 36.2 37.4 38.5 34.2 31.5 26.4 19.5 38.5

Minimum Temperature (°C)

-9.5 -10.0 -6.6 -1.4 1.4 8.4 11.0 13.4 9.6 1.80 -1.3 -5.6 -10.0

Table: 3.5-. Long Years Average Temperature

Months I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII ANNUAL Mean High Temperature

8.7 8.8 11.2 16.2 20.9 25.8 28.3 28.2 24.7 19.8 14.5 10.5 18.1

Mean Low Temperature

3.5 2.9 4.5 8.2 12.4 16.8 19.4 19.6 16.3 12.7 8.5 5.4 10.9

Mean Temperature 5.9 5.6 7.4 11.8 16.4 21.2 23.8 23.6 20.1 15.8 11.2 7.8 14.2



Table: 3.6- Long Period Rainfall

MONTHS I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII ANNUAL Maximum Rainfall (mm/day)

49.9 44.8 37.7 34.2 27.8 41.8 57.9 70.8 54.3 111.0 58.4 65.4 111.0

Maximum Snow Depth (cm)

26.0 34.0 60.0 0.0 11.0 60.0

3.4.5 National Parks, Natural Parks and Nature Protection Parks in the Region

In the Project area and 2 km diameter of around, there is no National Parks, Nature Parks, Wetlands, Nature Monuments, Nature Protection Areas, Wildlife Protection Areas, Conservation and Protected Areas, Natural Assets, Archaeological and Protection Areas, Biogenetic Reserve Areas, Protection Areas of Human Consumption Water Resources, Tourism Areas and Centers, Important Bird Areas, Important Plant Areas and the other Special Environmental Protection Areas

3.4.6 Ecological Characteristics

Development plan was done for only existing 0.85 MW turbine area. Cadastral Survey has been done for the capacity increase area and it's around, but development plan has not been done yet. In the vicinity of the project area, barley and wheat is cultivated. In the vicinity of the project area, barley and wheat is cultivated. In the project area, agricultural activities against money were permitted by company owners who are also owners of project area. There is not any forested land, a sensitive habitat and endangered endemic species or protected species with international agreements in the project area. As seen in the maps, project area has already affected from anthropogenic degradation negatively and the natural vegetation of project area has been destroyed.

3.4.7 Cultural Heritage

There are not any cultural heritage in the project area and its 2 km around. If any archaeological remains are discovered, as the national law requires, the excavation and construction works should be ceased at this location and the local Department of Culture and Tourism should be informed immediately. All necessary measures would be organized to protect the location. Construction works would be continued if official notification is received.

3.4.8 Socio-economical Situation

There are large industrial areas in the close vicinity of project area. Çorlu-Çerkezköy Industrial Zone is located at west of the project area, Hadımköy Industrial Zone is located at north-east of project area, Büyükçekmece Industrial Zone is located at east of the project area. The dry land farming is done in vicinity of project area.



3.5 EXISTING FACILITY

0,85 MW installed capacity Teperes has been commissioning on 22.12.2006 in Istanbul Buyukcekmece Kamiloba District Kurşuntepe locality by Teperes Electricity Generation Co. Inc.

3.6 TECHNICAL COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT

Capacity increase with 2 wind turbine to Teperes Project (2 turbine*3MW, total capacity increase is 6 MW) has been planned based on decision of Republic of Turkey Energy Market Regulatory Authority Meeting on 27.10.2010. After the capacity increase, Teperes with 6.85 MW installed capacity will generate 21,635,200 kWh electricity per year. In the power plant, there is a Vestas V52 wind turbine with 0.85 MW installed capacity at present. Two Vestas V90 wind turbines with 3 MW installed capacity is planned as capacity increase. There is 1 x 650 kVA nominal power, Dry isolation type, 0.690 to 34.5 kV voltage and 50 hz / 60 hz frequency transformer in the power plant. Two 20 kV / 34.5 kV voltage transformers will be in the 2 new turbines. The energy generated by the wind turbines will be transmitted to Wind Farm Control Building switching center by underground cables. Generated Electricity will be transmitted to 31.5 kV voltage lines which are on Kumburgaz, Kamiloba and Celaliye Route. This line was built by Teperes and assigned to BEDAŞ. Transmission Line A new transmission line will not be constructed. Overhead power transmission line with 1 km, which was built for 850 kW wind turbine, will be used for the transmission of new turbines energy. The cabling between new wind turbines and control room with 1.2 km in length will be installed as XLPE cable underground. Access Roads Existing roads will be used for accessing to the project site. The new road will not be constructed for the project.



4. MITIGATION PLAN

4.1 POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT MEASURES

During construction and operational stage of “Tepe Wind Electricity Power Plant Project”, there will be positive and negative impacts to the environment which are summarized as follows:

Table: 4.1- Possible Negative and Positive Impacts

Possible Impacts CONSTRUCTION OPERATION Waste Management - - Traffic - 0 Air Quality - 0 Noise & Vibration - - Landscape - 0 Archaeological and historical artefacts - 0 Flora and Fauna - - Health & Safety - - Socioeconomic ++ ++ - Low level of negative effect - - Medium level of negative effect - - High level of negative effect + Low level of positive effect ++ Medium level of positive effect +++ High level of positive effect 0 No certain effect

4.1.1 Possible Effects during Construction Waste Management - Excavation waste will be produced. Excavation will be used for land development or

various purposes in the project area - Domestic type wastewater and solid waste will be produced during construction phase. - Construction wastes (scrap metal, wood etc.).



- There is a risk of spill outs from construction equipment (fuel, lubricants, antifreeze etc.) which may result in the pollution of ground, surface and underground water.

- Hazardous Wastes (waste battery and accumulator, end-of-life tier, contaminated wastes, oil filter etc.)

Traffic - There are not risks from Construction works. Interruptions to access the roads may be

occur during only transporting of the turbines. - There can be a danger risk for public and transportation vehicles if warning and

informative signs are not used properly.

Air Quality - Excavations and material transportation may cause dust. - There will be extra exhaust gases emitted from construction equipment

Noise & Vibration - Noise and vibration will be occurred sourced from the construction equipment. - Motorway is located at south of the project area. Project sourced noise will be lower

than motorway background noise. Project sourced noise will not affect negatively to the surroundings.

Landscape - There are not trees on the project area. Damage on vegetation may occur. - There is not a soil structure which may be occurred landslide on the project area.

Archaeological & Historical Artifacts - Project area is not an Archaeological area. The possibility of discovering Archaeological

remains is very low. Flora and Fauna - Vegetation loss will be occurred during construction phase. - Fauna will move away the construction area.

Occupational Health and Safety - Worker’s health and safety may be under risk if measures are not followed properly.

Socio-Economical - The employment will be occurred during construction phase. - Local economic mobility will be occurred during construction phase.



4.1.2 Possible Effects during Operation

Waste Management - Domestic type wastewater and solid waste will be produced during operation phase. - There is a risk of spill outs from equipment (fuel, lubricants etc.) which may result in

the pollution of ground, surface and underground water. - Hazardous Wastes (waste battery and accumulator, contaminated wastes etc.)

Air Quality - The electricity will be produced using renewable energy source and there will not be a

negative impact on air quality, the project will contribute the protection of air quality by replacing the energy generation from fossil fuel.

Noise & Vibration - Noise will be occurred because of turbines. - Motorway is located at south of the project area. Project sourced noise will be lower

than motorway background noise. Project sourced noise will not affect negatively to the surroundings.

Flora ve Fauna - The map, which includes birds migration route near the project area and location of

project area are given in Ornithology Report. As mentioned in Ornithology Report, any findings have been reached about whether a bird migration route passes over the TEPERES area. This case is concluded by both the data obtained by Ornithologists from the ornithological studies carried out throughout the area up to date and by Ornithologists’' observations and questionnaire studies performed in this area within different projects. Beside the Storks (Ciconia spp.) transiting the area, some members of Accipitridae and passerine species generally continue their migration by following the coastline. The air distance between the coastline and the TEPERES area is about 2.5 km. Among the bird species transiting these parts, any findings could be reached about bird species that use the project area regularly or during intense covey transitions.

Occupational Health and Safety - Worker’s health and safety may be under risk if measures are not followed properly. Socio-Economical - Renewable electricity generation will contribute national economy by connecting the

national electricity network. - The employment will be occurred during operation phase.



4.2 MITIGATION PLAN AGAINST POSSIBLE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT

Steps to be taken during planning/design, construction and operation, to mitigate the major potential negative impacts on land, water, air and other media is given as in below table. The table also includes responsibilities for each group of mitigation method.

Since some costs for environmental protection and mitigation measures for decreasing the environmental impact is included in construction costs of the Contractor firm during construction stage; and operational costs of the operator during operation stage, these are not indicated as separate in below table.



Table: 4.2- Mitigation Plan against Negative Impacts

Phase Issue Mitigation Measures Comments Institutional Responsibility

Excavation waste

- Stone, soil and other materials that may be reused shall be utilized in the procedure of project realization. If it’s not suitable for the Project, then it can be used as filling material on roads or cover material in Landfill.

- Excavated material generated in the course of construction which cannot be used again has to be transported to the permitted excavation dump site in such a manner that is not harmful to the environment.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of The Excavation, Construction and Demolition Waste Control Regulation (2004)

- Contractor - Operator

Domestic type solid waste & wastewater from construction site

- Domestic Wastewater sourced from the construction site should be discharged to nearest sewage system, if the sewage system is far to Site, then isolated septic tanks should be used for later disposal to wastewater treatment system.

- Any wastewater discharge to the environment will be prohibited. - Domestic Organic Solid waste should be collected in impermeable closed

containers for final disposal of Related Municipality to municipal waste disposal area.

- Recyclable wastes, packaging wastes etc. should be collected separately and delivered to the licensed entities or responsible municipalities.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Water Pollution Control Regulation (2008), Solid Waste Control Regulation (1991) and Packaging Waste Control Regulation (2011).

- Contractor

Construction Wastes


- Non-recyclable wastes should be collected in impermeable closed containers for final disposal of Related Municipality to municipal waste disposal area.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Solid Waste Control Regulation (1991), Packaging Waste Control Regulation (2011),

- Contractor

CON

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Waste Management

Spill outs from equipment (fuel, lubricant, antifreeze etc.)

- Periodic maintenance of the vehicles and equipments used in the construction works should be done regularly.

- Storage of fuel, lubricant and chemicals should be provided in appropriate condition and in case of a spill out, isolation and cleaning of the contaminated land shall be done.

- Waste oils should be collected impermeable closed containers separately and delivered to the licensed entities.

- Temporary storage and disposal (recovery) of waste oil should be done according to relevant regulation.

- Regular maintenance of construction equipments and vehicles should be done at authorized service and/or maintenance area.

- Emergency Response Plan and Oil Spill Contingency Plan will be prepared and implemented.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Waste Oil Control Regulation (2008), Hazardous Wastes Control Regulation (2005), Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and Contaminated Sites by Point Sources (2010).

- Contractor




Hazardous Wastes

- Waste battery and accumulators should be delivered to licensed entities. - End-of-life tiers should be delivered to licensed entities. - Contaminated wastes, construction equipment oil filter etc. should be collected

impermeable closed containers separately and delivered to the licensed entities. - There should be fencing, warning signs, impermeable floor (concrete floor etc),

overflow barrier and grid at temporary storage area

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Regulation on End-of-life Tiers (2006), Waste Batteries and Accumulators Control Regulation (2004), Hazardous Wastes Control Regulation (2005), Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and Contaminated Sites by Point Sources (2010).

- Contractor

Traffic

Public & Transport safety and Traffic -Interruptions in transport

- Residents should be informed about the location of the works at least one week before the construction.

- Clear warning and information signs should be positioned around the construction zone.

- Imposing time constraints (e.g. 7AM to 5 PM) for works. - Alternative roads (roundabouts) should be located and marked. - Temporary pedestrian crossings will be organized for safety of pedestrians

All measures shall be with full cooperation and in compliance with procedures of “Provincial Directorate of Security – Traffic Department”

- Contractor

Dust

- Close or cover trucks for the transport of materials. - Water should be sprayed on the ground where dust is generated. - Disposal of excess material and cleaning the location should be done upon the

finalization of works. - Protective covers or curtains should be applied for zone where the largest

amounts of dust are generated.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Industrial Air Pollution Control Regulation (2009).

- Contractor

Air Quality

Exhaust gases from equipment

- Construction equipment and vehicle’s emission and inspection licenses should be inspected regularly

- Engines will not be left running unnecessarily. Engines will be switched off when not in use.

The inspection licenses are given by centers which is authorized by “Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning” and “Ministry of Transportation, Maritime Affairs and Communications”

- Contractor

Noise and Vibrations

- Environmental noise levels on construction site should be below Ldaytime < 70 dBA

- All construction vehicles will be maintained regularly. So that their noise emissions don’t cause nuisance to workers and local community.

- The site personnel will be provided with proper personnel protective equipments in order not to expose to high noise levels that can be generated at the site.

Measures shall be according to requirements of Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise (2010)

- Contractor




Vegetation Loss - Minimizing the areas requiring the removal of vegetation. - Upon finalization of works, replace/restore removed vegetation or roads,

pavements


Deposit of excavated soil (erosion, landslides or sedimentation risk)

- All excess excavated material has to be transported to the permitted excavation dump site in a compliant manner carefully.

- Contractor Landscape

Visual Impact - Construction camp site will be compact, kept clean and well maintained. Building

material at the camp will be well maintained and newly painted to match with the local environment.

-

Archaeological and Historical Artefact

Damage to archaeological and cultural heritage

- If any archaeological remains are discovered, as the national law requires, the excavation and construction works should be ceased at this location and the local Department of Culture and Tourism should be informed immediately.

- Organize all necessary measures to protect the location. - No works to proceed until official notification is received.

All measures shall be with full cooperation and in compliance with procedures of “Ministry of Tourism and Culture”

- Contractor

Vegetation Loss - Removal of vegetation should be minimized.

- After completing construction works, the topsoil should be laid and project area should be vegetated again.

- Contractor Flora and Fauna

Impacts on Fauna

- Hunting, catching and removing animals should be prohibited. - Before the site Works, the possible fauna (tortoises, hedgehogs, snakes etc.) will

be transferred to another same habitat carefully and without harming. - Contractor

Occupational Health and Safety

- During all construction activities, the requirements stated in all the regulations, by-laws and rules issued under Work Law should be ensured. Contractor should assign a responsible Engineer for this.

- Equipment required for worker’s health and safety (mask, steel top boots, gloves etc.) should be ready to use and as spare.

- Before the Works, the employees will be trained about occupational health and safety and the other related trainings.

- Emergency Response Plan will be prepared and implemented.

All measures shall be taken according to the requirements of regulations, by-laws and rules issued under Work Law (Regulation and By-law on Worker’s Health and Safety, Regulation on Heavy and Dangerous Works, Regulation on Manual Carriage, Regulation on Health and Safety Conditions During Usage of Working Machines, Regulation on Personal Protective Equipment, etc.)

- Contractor




Domestic type solid waste & wastewater

- Domestic Wastewater should be discharged to nearest sewage system, if the sewage system is far to Site, then isolated septic tanks should be used for later disposal to WWTP.

- Domestic Organic Solid waste should be collected in impermeable closed containers for final disposal of Related Municipality to municipal waste disposal area.


All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Water Pollution Control Regulation (2008), Solid Waste Control Regulation (1991) and Packaging Waste Control Regulation (2011).

- Operator

Waste Management

Spill outs from equipment, transformer (fuel, lubricant etc.)

- Periodic maintenance of the equipment should be done by authorized entities regularly.

- Storage of fuel, lubricant and chemicals should be provided in appropriate condition and in case of a spill out, isolation and cleaning of the contaminated land shall be done.

- The cooling oils of transformers will not contain PCBs or any other cancerogenic type oils.

- Waste oils should be collected impermeable closed containers separately and delivered to the licensed entities.

- Temporary storage and disposal (recovery) of waste oil should be done according to relevant regulation.

- Emergency Response Plan and Oil Spill Contingency Plan will be prepared and implemented.

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Waste Oil Control Regulation (2008), Hazardous Wastes Control Regulation (2005), Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and Contaminated Sites by Point Sources (2010).

- Operator

OPE

RATI

ON

S PH

ASE

Hazardous Wastes

- Waste battery and accumulators should be delivered to licensed entities. - Contaminated wastes and hazardous wastes should be collected impermeable

closed containers separately and delivered to the licensed entities. - After maintenance, turbine maintenance Specialist Company will collect

hazardous waste and deliver to licensed entities in accordance with legislation. Or operator will deliver to licensed entities in accordance with legislation

All measures shall be in compliance with requirements of Waste Batteries and Accumulators Control Regulation (2004), Hazardous Wastes Control Regulation (2005), Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and Contaminated Sites by Point Sources (2010)

- Operator




Noise and Vibrations

Noise

- Environmental noise levels should be below Ldaytime < 70 dBA - Background noise level should not be excess 3 dBA. - All equipments will be maintained regularly. So that their noise emissions don’t

cause nuisance to workers and local community. - The site personnel will be provided with proper personnel protective equipments

in order not to expose to high noise levels that can be generated at the site. - Turbine noise levels will be considered at the turbine design phase.

Measures shall be according to requirements of Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise (2010) and IFC General Environmental Health Safety Guidelines: Environmental Noise Management

- Operator

Flora and Fauna

Impacts on Fauna

- Survey Report related to Birds Migration Route is submitted as Annex-2. The mitigation measures indicated in report should be provided.

- Operator



- During all activities, the requirements stated in all the regulations, by-laws and rules issued under Work Law should be ensured.

- Equipment required for worker’s health and safety (mask, steel top boots, gloves etc.) should be ready to use and as spare.

- Before the Works, the employees will be trained about occupational health and safety and the other related trainings.

- Emergency Response Plan will be prepared and implemented.

All measures shall be taken according to the requirements of regulations, by-laws and rules issued under Work Law (Regulation and By-law on Worker’s Health and Safety, Regulation on Heavy and Dangerous Works, Regulation on Manual Carriage, Regulation on Health and Safety Conditions During Usage of Working Machines, Regulation on Personal Protective Equipment, etc.)

- Operator



5. MONITORING PLAN

For the above mentioned impacts and mitigation measures, a monitoring plan is created. This monitoring plan shall ensure that the construction and operation of the project is in conformity with Turkish law and other relevant norms and standards.

Since some costs for monitoring of the implementation of the mitigation measures for decreasing the environmental impact is included in construction costs of the Contractor firm during construction stage; and operational costs of the operator during operation stage, these are not indicated as separate in below table.



Table: 5.1- Monitoring Plan

Phase

Which parameters shall be monitored

Where shall the parameters be monitored

How shall the parameters be monitored

When shall the parameters be monitored and

Frequency

Why shall the parameters be

monitored Responsibility

Excavation waste

- On the construction site - On the usage area - On the Permitted

Excavation Dump Site

- Visual inspection during construction

- Keeping the dumping records to the Permitted Excavation Dump Site

Daily during construction

- Health and safety of the public

- Protection of environment (receiving media and soil)

- Contractor


- On the construction site - On the temporary storage

area - On the disposal area


- Keeping disposal records. Daily during construction



- Contractor

Construction Wastes


area





- Contractor


- Below and around the place where materials are storage and used.

- On the construction site


Daily during construction Protection of soil, subterranean and surface water

- Contractor

Waste Managem

ent

Hazardous Wastes - On the construction site - On the temporary storage

area



- Protection of soil, subterranean and surface water


- Contractor

- Contractor

Traffic

Public & Transport safety and Traffic Interruptions in transport

- On the relevant location and around the location

- According to complaints of the population in the vicinity or transport participants

- Warning and informative signs shall be inspected

Daily during construction - Safety of the local

community, transport and workers -

CON

STRU

CTIO

N P

HA

SE

Air Pollution Dust generation - On the relevant location

and around the location - Visual inspection during

construction Daily during construction - Safety of the local

community and workers

- Contractor



Phase





Frequency



- On the basis of irritation of the breathing system,

- Complaints of the population in the vicinity

- Protection of environment (receiving media and air quality)

Exhaust Gases - On the relevant location

and around the location


- On the basis of irritation of the breathing system,

- Complaints of the population in the vicinity

- Keeping certificate of exhaust gas inspection records

Weekly during construction

- Safety of the local community and workers

- Protection of environment (receiving media and air quality)

- Contractor

Noise and vibration - On the relevant location


- Complaints of the community in the vicinity and workers,

- Regular noise measurements

- Complaints tracking weekly during construction

- Noise measurements once every 6 months

- Safety of the local community and workers,

- Reduction of the nuisance

- Contractor

Vegetation Loss - On the relevant location



- Comparison of the photographs between before and after works

- Weekly during construction

- Before and after the works on construction

- Conservation of natural resources,

- Aesthetics reasons


Landscape Storage of excavated soil (erosion, landslides or sedimentation risk)

- On the relevant location

- Visual inspection during construction,

- Geotechnical investigation if required

Before the initiation of works and during construction

- Safety of workers, - Safety of the local

community - Protection of soil

- Contractor

Archaeological and Historical Artefact

Damage to archaeological and cultural heritage


Visually inspection during construction

Daily during construction - Protection of cultural

heritage

- Contractor - Authority

of Museum

Flora and Fauna

Vegetation Loss - On the relevant location


- Visually inspection during construction

- Comparison of the photographs between before and after works


- Before and after the works on construction


- Aesthetics reasons




Phase





Frequency



Impacts on Fauna





- - Contractor

Occupational Health and Safety - On construction site


- According to the Safety Engineer’s reporting

Daily during construction - To decrease accident

risk

- Contractor



area - On the disposal area





- Operator


- Below and around the place where materials are storage and used.

- On the construction site


Daily during construction - Protection of soil,

subterranean and surface water

- Operator

Waste Managem

ent

Hazardous Wastes - On the construction site - On the temporary storage

area



- Protection of soil, subterranean and surface water


Operator

Noise and vibration - On the relevant location


- Complaints of the community in the vicinity and workers,

- Regular noise measurements

- Complaints tracking weekly during construction

- Noise measurements annually

- Safety of the local community and workers,

- Reduction of the nuisance

- Operator

OPE

RATI

ON

PH

ASE

Flora and Fauna

Impacts on Fauna - On the relevant location and around the location

- Ornithological Report - Carrying out monitoring studies in spring and autumn periods at least for two years. For this purpose, visual control of turbine surrounding area of 100 m in diameter shall be done in the mornings

- Protection of environment

- Operator



Phase





Frequency



and afternoon. - Before construction,

Survey Report is submitted as Annex-2. *

Occupational Health and Safety - On project area


- According to the Safety Engineer’s reporting

Daily during operation - To decrease accident

risk

- Operator

* As a result of the assessments within the scope of Ornithological study, provided that the following conditions shall be taken into consideration by the TEPERES local and migratory bird species and habitats used for various purposes by these components are not supposed to be affected negatively by the project. These conditions are: the average wind speed in TEPERES area is 7.7 m/sec; the number of turbines will be two; the distance of the turbines to each other will relatively large; having not another WPP project close to the area that may act as a barrier; the two turbines will not positioned vertical to the bird migration routes and thus not pose a risk; nowadays being Turkey’s foreign-dependent in terms of energy supply.



6. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

The organisations and institutions responsible for implementation and monitoring of the mitigation measures are as the following: Teperes Elektrik Üretim A. Ş. Since Teperes Elektrik Üretim A. Ş. is the investor of the Project, generally it has the main responsibility for environmental management during planning, implementation and operation of the Project. Teperes has the capacity to properly implement environmental management plan. In future if required, the Teperes would retain environmental specialist consultants to assist them in supervising the works carried out by the contractor and ensuring that the EMP is followed adequately. Teperes’s responsibilities for preparation of EMP are given generally in Chapter 2. After EMP is prepared, the responsibility during implementation of the Project, i.e. construction phase and operation phase of the Project is as follows:

- During planning phase, Teperes is responsible to ensure all the mitigation measures and monitoring plan is included in tender documents for selection of Contractor. So, this will inform the contractors about the importance of the environmental measures in the Project during tendering phase and ensure they prepare tender documents accordingly. While evaluating Bid Documents, the environmental approach of the contractors will also be considered.

- During construction phase, Teperes is responsible for monitoring the Contractor whether all the mitigation measures written in this EMP and tender documents will be applied or not. Also, Teperes is responsible for reporting to DBT regularly.

- During operational phase, Teperes is responsible for monitoring the operation to minimize environmental impacts. Also, Teperes is responsible for reporting to DBT regularly.

Teperes shall inform DBT by reporting about the implementation of mitigation plan and monitoring activities during planning, construction and operation stage regularly.

Teperes will request from Contractor EMP implementation reports monthly, quarterly and biannual with project progress reports. As addition to this information, field observations and public's comments will be considered.



Contractor Firm

- During Construction stage, the Contractor is fully responsible to take all mitigation measures written in this “Environmental Management Plan” and tender documents.

Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning: The targets of the Ministry are; protection and improvement of environment, proper and effective usage and protection of urban and rural areas and natural resources, protection of natural vegetation, animal presence and natural resources of country, prevention of all environmental pollutions. For prevention of pollution, Ministry and authorized Regional Environmental and Urban Planning Directorate shall inspect, control and cooperate, so it is considered as a stakeholder with high importance and influence.



7. CONSULTATIONS WITH AFFECTED GROUPS AND

NON -GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS

For informing affected groups and receiving comments about the project, a Public Participation Meeting was organized at 04.04.2013. Announcement of the meeting was done by neighborhood Mukhtar of Kamiloba. Announcement text, photos, participant list and minutes of the meeting are submitted in Annex 3. Besides, Environmental Management Plan has been available at neighborhood Mukhtar of Kamiloba and Project Site for public disclosure from 27.03.2013. The related minutes are given Annex 3.



ANNEXES



Annex 1.

1:25000-Scale Topographic Map



T1 Existing Turbine

T3 New Turbine

T2 New Turbine



Annex 2.

Ornithological Report

CAPACITY INCREASE PROJECT OF İSTANBUL–BÜYÜKÇEKMECE TEPE-WPP ORNITHOLOGY REPORT

Prepared by

Prof.Dr.S.Levent TURAN

Ornithologist

e-mail: [email protected]

NOVEMBER 2012 ORNITHOLOGY REPORT

mailto:[email protected]

INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY Responsible Parties Related parties about preparing the “Ornithology Report” of “Capacity increase

project of İstanbul–Büyükçekmece Tepe-WPP” are given below:

• TEPERES Electricity Generation Company

• Expert Ornithologist Prof. Dr. S. Levent TURAN

• Creditor Organization

Related parties about implementation of the Project (Construction and

management) after preparing the Ornithology report are given below:

• Construction contractor

• Construction controller

• Creditor Organization

• Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs Project Description Main objective of the preparing the “Ornithology Report” of “Capacity increase

project of İstanbul–Büyükçekmece Tepe-WPP” is assessing the potential

interactions between local and migratory bird species and the migration routes

in the capacity increase project of the existing Tepe-WPP management that has

0,85 MW production capacity and has been founded in İstanbul Province,

Büyükçekmece district, Kamiloba site.

• Negative interactions might occur between wind turbines and the birds.

• A great number of bird migration routes pass over the Turkey.

• The project area is located on bird migration routes.

• Regular and recorded migration data of the location where the project

area is found are not available.

Some precautions are recommended in order to avoid adverse interactions

between the two turbines that are planned to be found and the local and

migratory bird species.

Mitigation Plan During construction and operational Phase of “Capacity increase project of

İstanbul–Büyükçekmece Tepe-WPP” there will be positive and negative impacts

to the environment, specifically to the followings:

• The risk of striking of the birds to the turbines.

• Transformations that will be occur in the turbine areas.

• Noise and vibration

• Risks that might be caused from the Electricity Transmission Lines (ETL)

• Effects on landscape

Some precautions should be taken for mitigating the potential negative impacts

that might be occur primarily on local and migratory bird species and the natural

habitats and landscape of the parts that turbines will be found during

construction and operational Phase of wind turbines. The company that

constructs and manages the turbines has the responsibility for the

implementation of these measures according to Turkish environmental

legislation and other relevant regulations and standards.

Monitoring Plan A monitoring plan is prepared in order to take the recommended measures and

to monitor during the construction and operational Phase. These measures are

to eliminate or mitigate the risks that might occur for the bird individuals that are

consistently available or that can be seen in migration seasons in the natural

environments and adjacent parts of the project area. In accordance to the

regulations, this monitoring plan shall be executed with the responsibility of

mainly Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks and the relevant

institutions and organizations by the company/companies that will take part in

construction and operation of the turbines.

Institutional Structuring The organizations and institutions responsible for implementation and

monitoring of the plan that is recommended after ornithological study are as the

following:

• Project Owner

• Construction Controller

• Creditor Institution

Recommendations on implementation of the mitigation measures, monitoring

and reporting responsibilities during planning, construction and operational

period are explained in this Chapter.

RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

Responsible parties for preparation, control and approval of the Ornithological

Report done under the scope of “Capacity Increase Project of İstanbul-

Büyükçekmece Tepe-WPP” are as follows:

• TEPERES ELEKTRİK ÜRETİM A.Ş

• Expert Ornithologist: Prof.Dr.S.Levent TURAN


Responsibilities for implementation and monitoring the Ornithological Report

after it prepared are as follows. The responsibilities about this subject are

detailed in Chapter 6.

• TEPERES ELEKTRİK ÜRETİM A.Ş

• Contractor

• Construction Controller


• Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs (DKMPGM)

TEPERES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION A.Ş As being stakeholder of “Capacity increase project of İstanbul–Büyükçekmece

Tepe-WPP”, TEPERES Elektrik Üretim A.Ş is responsible both for preparation

and implementation of the Ornithological Report. Consultancy service and

scientific support is received from an Ornithologist for preparing the

“Ornithological Report” and “Monitoring Plan”. With the assistance of the expert,

the main responsibilities of the TEPERES Elektrik Üretim A.Ş shall be as

follows:

• Providing required feasibility about the project to the Ornithologist;

• Providing support for the field studies that will be carried out in order to

assess the bird habitats and species that might be affected by the project;

• Providing support for obtaining data about especially local bird migration

movements and composition of migratory bird species and If possible, schedule

of migration movements;

• Providing commitment about putting the expert’s recommendations in

force both in the construction and operation Phase, if there will be forms that

are likely to be affected by the project;

• If required, training the personnel that will take charge in the construction

and operation Phase, institutional strengthening through additional training,

personnel or equipment.

THE CONSULTANCY FOR PREPARING THE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT (ORNITHOLOGIST PROF.DR.S.LEVENT TURAN) TEPERES Elektrik Üretim A.Ş receives consultancy service from

PROF.DR.S.LEVENT TURAN as “Consultant” during the preparation of the

“Ornithological Report”. The responsibilities of the consultant are as follows:

Preparing “the monitoring plan” in the same time of the preparation Phase of the

Project’s Ornithological Report

Within the scope of the Ornithological report, assessing possible effects of the

project on the habitats utilized by local and migratory bird species in the project

area, preparing mitigation measures and if required preparing monitoring plans

CREDITOR INSTITUTION As the financial organization, creditor institution has the following

responsibilities about preparing the ornithological report;

Review, comment or approve the Ornithological Report.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Definition And Objectives of the Project Within the scope of the project, two wind power turbines having 3 MW

capacities are planned to be found in İstanbul Province, Büyükçekmece district,

Kamiloba site by the TEPERES Rüzgar Elektrik Üretim A.Ş. Following the

constructing and operating the turbines, 21.635.200 kWh electric energy per

year is planned to be produced in İstanbul which is one of the busiest cities in

terms of energy demand.

By the studies carried out within the scope of the Ornithological Report, actions

for eliminating or minimizing the potential effects of the project on local and

migratory birds and on the habitats favored by these species both in

construction and the operation Phase shall be determined.

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT İstanbul province where the project will be carried out is the northern part of the

Marmara Region. The project area is located in Kurşuntepe site that is in

Kamiloba neighborhood of Büyükçekmece District in İstanbul province.

Kamiloba neighborhood Kurşuntepe site is in the east of the Silivri and 15 km

away the district. It has a connection with E-% highway in the north by a side

road having 700 meters long. Kurşuntepe neighborhood is surrounded by the

Marmara Sea in the south, Ortaköy in the north, Kumburgaz town of the

Büyükçekmece in the east and Selimpaşa town in the west. The district is

founded on a cliff having altitude of 56 m. The coordinates of the two turbines

that is planned to be found on approximately 180 m altitude are as follows:

No. 1 Turbine: 621249,634 4546393,841

No. 2 Turbine: 622137,300 4546395,722

There are not high mountains within the Büyükçekmece border. The topography

that also includes Silivri can be defined as slight wavy and has a few hundred-

meter height hills. There are not any significant river beds within and nearby the

project area.

Total population of the province has exceeded 15 million and its average height

above the sea level is about 10 m.

The project area is within the borders of İstanbul Province, Büyükçekmece

district and its location on Turkey (yellow arrow) is presented in Figure 1.

Figure.1 The Location of the Project area on the Turkey Map

ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IF THE PROJECT AREA AND ITS NEARBY The TEPERES project is generally consist of the areas used for agricultural

purposes and partly steppes and grasslands (Photograph-1). Stabilized roads

are also available within the area.

An anthropogenic activity caused from settlements that are mostly used in the

summer occurs close by the project area, especially at the south side parallel to

the Marmara Sea.

In the TEPERES project area there are one wind turbine that has been

constructed and operated about 6 years ago, a transformer building, a

personnel building and an electric transmission line used for transporting the

electric energy produced by the current turbine to the transformer building. In

addition, some stockyards are also available disconnectedly.

There are some important areas, which are preferred by birds within the

boundaries of Istanbul city, including the project area. They are generally

wetlands. More than 300 bird species have been recorded so far in the entire

province of Istanbul. There are any important habitats in and around the project

area, which are preferred by the birds. Therefore, it is a good choice to select

this section as a to set up wind power turbine.

Most common and dense bird species birds that can be seen in around the

project area and in the agricultural areas are Collared Dove (Streptopelia

decaocto), Crested lark (Galerida cristata), Corn Bunting (Miliaria calandra)

Bimaculated lark (Melanocorypha bimaculata), members of family Alaudidadae

and Magpie (Pica pica),Eurasian Jackdaw (Corvus monedula), Carrion crow

(Corvus corone)and House sparrow (Passer domesticus) which are cosmopolit

bird species in Turkey.

There are no wetlands having still water or permanent stream characteristic and

also not any mountainous rocky habitats or forests within the TEPERES project

area. In close parts, small-scale afforestation areas consisting of coniferous

trees are available and these areas are fenced by wire.

The most common species are pigeons (Columba livia) and some members of

skylark (Alaudidae) within the range of the area and in agricultural parts.

Photograph-1. General Habitat Structure of the TEPERES Area

Important areas in terms of Bird Species and Protected Areas There are not any protected areas within the range of the project area or in

adjacent parts. On the other hand, in the east side Büyükçekmece Lake is

located approximately 9 km air distance away from the project area (Figure-2).

The Büyükçekmece Lake is in a transition period from its natural state (having

bay characteristics) to freshwater characteristics by closure of the sea

connection of the lake. The lake has approximately 28.5 km2 surface area about

9 m maximum depth. The lake with its current state receives many species of

water birds in summer and especially winter period. In addition to the water

birds, some passerine species are also reproducing in the vegetative formation

of the coastal region.

Figure-2. Teperes Project Area and its Google-Earth Image

Ecological Structure Different ecological characteristics are available within the borders of İstanbul.

An important part of the city has lost its natural structure due to the urban

development. However, there are also some ranges in northern and

northwestern side of the city.

The parts including the project area have a rough topography. Agricultural

sections dominate the area that has approximately 150-200 m height. There is

not any woodland within the project area. But, some wooded parts are available

at some limited sized adjacent points that have lesser heights. There are

generally evergreen forms in these parts. Bush formations stand out on a

limited density within the area and in adjacent parts.

By our studies carried out for bird species that are seen regularly within the

borders of İstanbul and for vagrants (i.e. irregular visitor), a total of 315 bird

species has been recorded. This number can be assumed relatively high

because the number of species that have been recorded is either equal or

greater than those recorded in many countries. Therefore, İstanbul can be

defined as an important area in terms of bird species. The importance of the city

for bird species is owing to its location that found on an internationally important

bird migration route. In the spring, one of the most important bird migration

routes that lie between the Western Palearctic and Africa region enters into

Turkey from over the Thrace and leaves Turkey from over Hatay and

Mediterranean in the south. In the autumn this movement occurs at reverse

direction. The migration routes occurred in the area is demonstrated on a

Google-Earth image. In this process data, which have been collected for 25

years by us, are used (Figure-3). In the Figure, the routes with yellow bold lines

and red arrows show spring and autumn movements, red arrows in north-south

direction symbolize short-term transit winter visits that occur in the winter period

(December until the beginning of April) between southern latitudes and Büyük

Çekmece Lake and mostly exhibited by water birds. In the winter period arrived

ducks and goose species leaving B.Çekmece Lake after a short-term stay on

the Lake. Wintering bird species do not visit and pass through the Teperes-

Project area.

Figure-3. The Routes of the Migration Movements that Occur over TEPERES

Area

Migration movements do also occur over the TEPERES area that will be found

in İstanbul-Büyükçekmece, Kamiloba-Kurşuntepe site. Any findings have been

reached about whether a bird migration route passes over the TEPERES area.

This case is concluded by both the data obtained by us from the ornithological

studies carried out throughout the area up to date and by our observations and

questionnaire studies performed in this area within different projects. Beside the

Storks (Ciconia spp.) transiting the area, some members of Accipitridae and

passerine species generally continue their migration by following the coastline

pass over the sea. So that, they feel safe themselves. The air distance between

the coastline and the TEPERES area is about 2.5 km. Among the bird species

transiting these parts, any findings could be reached about bird species that use

the project area regularly or during intense covey transitions.

TECHNICAL COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT 2 pcs Vestas V90 with each installed capacity of 3 MW, a total of 6 MW wind

energy turbines are planned to be found within the scope of the project.

Currently, one wind turbine that has a production capacity of 0.85 MW is

available in the area. This turbine has continued to produce energy about 6

years.

Transmission Line An electric transmission line is already available within the TEPERES

management and serves for integrating the electricity produced by the turbine to

the interconnected system. This transmission line will also be used for

integrating the electric energy, which will be produced by the two new turbines

to the system.

MITIGATING PLAN

POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT MEASURES

During construction and operational Phase of “Capacity increase project of

İstanbul–Büyükçekmece Tepe-WPP”, there will be positive and negative effects

to the environment which are summarized as follows:

Negative Effects during Construction Waste Production Excavation soil shall be formed during the preparation the transformation and

turbine parts.

During the transformation construction; setting up the turbine body; installation

of the generator part and the wheels; and even it will be in underground

constructing the electricity transmission line, unused material, excavation,

cable, etc. left into the environment will disrupt and pollute natural habitat and

may be dangerous.

During the construction Phase fuel, oil, antifreeze, and suchlike liquids that may

spill from machines, cranes and bogies can lead to pollution of the natural

environment.

Solid waste and wastewater that have potential adverse effects on the natural

habitats will form in the construction site at least during the construction Phase

Traffic Native bird species and transit forms could be affected adversely due to the

intense traffic that will take place during the construction Phase at the roads and

in the area. In addition to hits the cars, disturbances could bring about stress

and may cause birds to fly away these parts.

Air Quality Even at small scale, dust may form due to the excavation process and material

handling during the preparation of the turbine feet.

Exhaust gas could be formed by the equipment that will be used in the turbine

construction Phase.

Noise and Vibration Noise and vibration shall be occurred sourced from the construction equipment

such as bogies and cranes.

Possible Damages (To Landscape, Archaeological & Historical Artifacts and to Current Installments) Vegetation or cultivar found in turbine feet may partly be damaged.

Excavation soil that will be formed during the arrangement of the turbine feet is

supposed to cause erosion, landslide or sedimentation.

Possible Negative Effects during Operation: The worst effects, which may occur during the operation Phase, on the local

bird species inhabiting in the turbine feet parts and on the migratory birds is the

collision (Collision Effect) risk. And there is a possibility negative affect from

present electrical transmission line that will be planned to use.

Positive Effects during Operation: Socio-Economical Electric energy is supposed to be used in healthier manner and without

interruption in the settlements found especially within the boundaries of

Büyükçekmece district.

MITIGATION PLAN AGAINST POSSIBLE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT Some potential effects on local natural habitats, bird species and migratory

birds may occur during the operational Phase of the some or all project related

structures such as turbines, transformer building and transmission lines. Steps

to be taken to mitigate or remove these effects is given as in below table:

Table-1. Negative Effects of the Project on Birds and Mitigation Plan

PHASE ISSUE COMMENTS MITIGATION MEASURES

INSTITUTIONAL RESPOSIBILITY

Habitat Destruction

-Damaging natural

habitats used by birds

for resting,

overnighting, feeding

and for reproducing

during transformer and

turbine preparation

phase.

-Wastes from various

sources may adversely

affect natural habitats

- Controlling related

parts intently and

determining the old and

the new nests before

the studies begin;

- If nests are found

determining whether or

not they are active;

- To not discharge

surplus material into

the habitats used by

birds;

- Clauses of related

regulations shall be

taken into consideration

about discharging and

storing the wastes.

-Contractor;

- Individual

Environmental

responsible who is

employed for this

purpose by the

company or an expert

who is procured for

consulting /service on

the subject.

CO

NST

RU

CTI

ON

(EST

AB

LISH

MEN

T) P

HA

SE

Potential Damages on

Bird Species

- Being affected

adversely by the

personnel or

equipment.

- Adult individuals

which continuously

available in the project

area or visitors that

come from close sites;

Ground nests, eggs

and nestlings of these

individuals

- If required, shifting

time of the study

schedule at these

parts;

- Providing the studies

to be initiated after or

before the reproduction

period;

- Marking these parts

and locating informing

plates.

- Assignment of

employees who will

follow these

procedures.

-Contractor;

- Individual

Environmental

responsible who is

employed for this

purpose by the


or team who are

procured for consulting

/service on the subject.


Individuals of Local

Bird Species

Potential accidents that

may occur by hitting

turbines and wheels.

Controlling an area of

100 m in diameter

every morning and

accordingly reporting

by a personnel who will

Company staff who will

be constantly taken in

charge for turbine

control and security or

Environmental

be taken in charge for

turbine control and

security.

responsible who is

employed for this

purpose by the


or team who are



OPE

RA

TIO

NA

L PH

ASE


Migratory Bird Species

Potential accidents that

may occur by hitting

turbines and wheels.

Local birds can be

damaged by the

existing electricity

transmission lines.

-Painting the turbine

bodies by the colors

that can easily be seen

in the nature;

-These colors provided

to be sensed from far

distances (as orange,

red, yellow-black strips)

- Enlightening the

generator part of the

turbine at day and

night;

- Carrying out

monitoring studies in

spring and autumn

periods at least for two

years. For this purpose,

visual control of turbine

surrounding area of

100 m in diameter shall

be done in the

mornings and

afternoon.

Company staff who will

be constantly taken in

charge for turbine

control and security or

Environmental

responsible who is

employed for this

purpose by the


or team who are



Responsible; Local

electric distribution

company (Bedas) and

Teperes

i-ozata

Text Box

-Use of bird spikes in the power transmission lines.

i-ozata

Text Box

i-ozata

Text Box

MONITORING

A monitoring process is recommended for following the precautions mitigating

or removing the potential effects emphasized in the study that may occur

between wind turbines and bird species. This monitoring plan shall ensure

that the construction and operation of the project is in conformance with both

Turkish law and other international relevant norms and standards.

INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURING

The organizations and institutions responsible for implementation and

monitoring of the mitigation measures are as the following:

Contractor Company Construction Phase of the Turbines

The contractor company is fully responsible to take all mitigation measures

prepared in the construction phase and emphasized in this Ornithological

Report.

Operational Phase

The contractor company is responsible to take all mitigation measures

prepared in the construction phase and emphasized in this Ornithological

Report.

Controller Unit Construction Phase of the Turbines

Controller unit is fully responsible to monitor/supervise the Contractor to

ensure the Contractor is taking all the mitigation measures emphasized in this

Ornithological Report.

Controller unit is responsible for reporting to the TEPERES A.Ş and the

Creditor institution regularly about implementation of the mitigation measures

emphasized in the Ornithological Report. These periodically prepared reports

shall include information about the mitigation measures emphasized in this

Ornithological Report.

Creditor Institution Creditor institution will investigate and approve the ornithological report that

will be prepared before the project and will be presented by the company; in

addition it will follow the implementations and processes about fulfillment of its

responsibilities and demanding monitoring reports accordingly.

If required, creditor institution shall visit the project area within the scope of

inspection of the project at certain times.

Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs: The objective of Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs are; environmental

protection and restoration, proper and efficient use and protection of urban

and rural areas and natural resources, protection of natural vegetation,

animals and the natural resources of the country and prevention of all

environmental pollution. The ministry considered as a stakeholder with high

importance and influence in terms of protection and sustainability of natural

environments, wild life components, bird species, migratory birds and the

habitats used by these components for various purposes. The ministry

performs this objective by the help of the Directorate of Nature Conservation

and National Parks and its provincial organizations

FINAL ASSESSMENT As a result of the assessments within the scope of this study, provided that

the following conditions shall be taken into consideration by the TEPERES

local and migratory bird species and habitats used for various purposes by

these components are not supposed to be affected negatively by the project.

These conditions are: the average wind speed in TEPERES area is 7.7

m/sec; the number of turbines will be two; the distance of the turbines to each

other will relatively large; having not another WPP project close to the area

that may act as a barrier; the two turbines will not positioned vertical to the

bird migration routes and thus not pose a risk; nowadays being Turkey’s

foreign-dependent in terms of energy supply.

Prof.Dr.S.Levent TURAN Ornithologist November, 2012



Annex 3. Documents of Public Participation

Meeting



Announcement Text of Meeting



Participation List of Meeting



Minutes of Meeting



Photos of Meeting



Avenue of Kamiloba District

Meeting Place: Eryılmaz Coffee House



Announcement Text of Environmental Management Plan Disclosure Process