temperature and particle movement eq: how do i know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
TRANSCRIPT
Temperature and Particle Movement
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Matter and moving particles
• All matter is made of atoms
• Atoms are always in motion
• Motion of atoms give off energy
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Kinetic Theory of Matter
• All the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion
• Explains the different states of matter
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Kinetic Theory of Matter• Solid
– Particles are not free to move around very much
– Vibrate back in forth in the same position– Held tightly together by forces of attraction
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the
basis of temperature?
Kinetic Theory of Matter
• Liquid Particles– Move more freely than solids– Constantly sliding around and tumbling over
each other as they move
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the
basis of temperature?
Kinetic Theory of Matter
• Gas Particles– Are far apart– Move at high speeds– Might collide with one another, but otherwise
they do not interact
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the
basis of temperature?
Particle Speed
• Do not always move at the same speed even in the same object
• A fast moving particle may strike another particle and lose speed
• A slow moving particle may strike a faster one and pick up speed
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Temperature
• A measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object, not just speed
• If a liquid has a high temperature, the particles are…..
Moving faster
This means the kinetic energy is highEQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis
of temperature?
Temperature Scales• Degrees
– Used to measure temperatures
– Equally spaced units between two points
• To establish a temperature we usually use the freezing and melting points of water
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Celsius
• SI Unit for measuring temperature
• Freezing is 0
• Boiling is 100
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of temperature?
Why does a thermometer’s fluid go up?
• Measures temperature through the regular variation of some physical property of the material inside the thermometer
• Measures temperatures because the liquid inside the thermometer always expands or contracts by a certain amount in response to a change in temperature
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of
temperature?
Thermal Expansion
• Property that makes liquid filled thermometers work
All gases, many liquids and most solids expand when their temperature increases
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the
basis of temperature?
Expansion Joints• Used to build
highways and bridges
• Short segments with slight breaks in highways and bridges
• Allows the material to expand easily
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the basis of
temperature?
Class Work and Homework
• Fill In – What did I learn– Confused– Say
– Read pages 37 – 42– Answer questions 1-6– Questions 1 – 3, plus the challenge question
on page 43
EQ: How do I know kinetic energy is the
basis of temperature?