tecnologia
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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ENERGY
Antonio López and Paula Moralo
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INDEX● Energy definition● Types of energy● Energy sources● Renewable energy● Non-renewable energy● Types of power stations
● Wind turbine
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ENERGY DEFINITIONThe energy
is the capacity of an object to doing a
work.
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TYPES OF ENERGY
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MECHANICAL ENERGYThere are two types of mechanical energy:Kinetic energy: is the energy that objects have when they are in motion. For example the wind mill.Potential energy: is the energy that the objects have when they are moved from their stable position of equilibrium. For example an arch.
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ELECTRICAL ENERGYIt is the energy associated with an electrical current. For example high voltage network.
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ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGYThis energy is transported by electromagnetic waves.For example a television or a radio.
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SOUND ENERGYIt is associated with sounds waves that are transmitted through vibrations. For example a megaphone.
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CHEMICAL ENERGYChemical energy is stored in substances. It can be realasedor absorbed during chemical processes. For exampe a battery.
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NUCLEAR ENERGYIts contained in the nuclei of atoms. It realised by a nuclear reaction. Also it can be called atomic energy.For example a nuclear power plant.
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THERMAL OR CALORIFIC ENERGYIt comes from the vibration of particles in matter.For example a thermometer.
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ENERGY SOURCES
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ENERGY SOURCES
Energy sources are natural resources that provides different formes of energy.This energy is transformed for especific uses.Energy sources are classified into renewable and non-renewable sources.
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NON-RENEWABLE SOURCESNon-renwable energy sources come from natural resources that are limited and we only can use them once. The main sources of energy that we use are:-Nuclear energy-Fosil fuels
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NUCLEAR ENERGYProduction: this energy is stored in the nuclei of atoms, it is realised in the nuclear reaction that occurs in certain atoms. There are two kinds-Nuclear fusion: when two light nuclei joints two form a hevier nucleus.-Nuclear fission: When a heavy nucleus is divided into two lighter nuclei by bombarding it with neutrons.Transformation: nuclear power stations use fission energy.
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COALExtraction: there are two methods for extracting it:-Open cast mines when the coal is close to the surface.-Underground mines when the mineral is burried deep below the surface.Transport: by sea, by land and by road.Uses:-For energy: to generate electricity.Nowadays: For central heating systemsIn the past: For street lighting
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PETROLEUMIt is formed from the buried remains of plants and animals that have descomposed.Extracting: From land or under the sea, using pumps and the extraxted petroleum contains salt water, rock, mud and gas, so it is then purified.Storage and transport:-Oil tankers-Oil pipelines
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NATURAL GASIt is a mixture of gases formed from descomposed plants and animals.Extraction: It is expenses to extract and it is extrated by drilling.Storage and transport:1.Natural gas is transported from gas fields by gas piperlines to a liquefaction plant2. It is convert into liquid.3.It is transformed in LNG carries.4.Then its returned to a gaseus state and it is transported once again through gas piperlines.Uses: It is used in industry and in homes to produce thermal energy and in thermal power station to obtain elecrtical energy.
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RENEWABLE ENERGYIt comes from unlimited natural resources.There are differnet types:-Hydraulic energy-Solar energy-Wiind energy-Marine energy-Geothermal energy-Biomass energy-Energy produced from municipal solid waste
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HYDRAULIC ENERGYThis is the mechanical energy produced by the movement of water.Production: We build dams to store river water.Transportation: Mos hydraulic energy is used to produce electricicy in hydroelectric power stations.Advantages: It is cheap, clean and non-pollutid.Desadvantages: Building power station is very expensive, if the dams breaks, there is a risk of a catastrophe...
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SOLAR ENERGYIt is capable of taking advantage of light to convert it into chemical energy. Solar energy is produced by thermonuclear radiation from inside the sun.Advantages: It is clean, big power statioons are not needed and itś unlimited.Disadvantages: its variable source of energy, solar pannels are very expensive.
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WIND ENERGYIt has used since ancient times to move sailing ships.Production and transportation: It is produced by the effect of radiation on the atmosphere. The wind's kinetic energy is converted into electricity.Advantages: It is unlimited and non-polluting, the cost of manteining at wind farms is low.Desadvanteges: It is a variable source of energy, wind turbines produce noise pollution...
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MARINE ENERGYThere are several means for generating energy from the sea:Tidal energy can be extracted from the tides.
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POWER STATIONSA power station is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power.At the center of nearly all power stations is a generator, a rotating machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power.There are many types:-Nuclear Power Station-Thermal Power Station-Solar Power Station-Heolic Power Station-Hidraulic Power Station
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NUCLEAR POWER STATIONA nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is one or more nuclear reactors.
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THERMAL POWER STATION
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven.
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HYDRAULIC POWER STATIONIt´s generated by the pressure of falling water.
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SOLAR POWER STATIONIt´s where the light is converted into chemical energy.
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WIND POWER STATIONIt´s where the wind is transformed into energy.
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Wind turbines have long produced renewable energy but a French engineering firm has discovered another eco-purpose for the towering structures. One turbine can produce up to 1,000 liters of water every day, depending on the level of humidity, temperature an
wind speeds.
WIND TURBINES
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One turbine can produce up to 1,000 liters of water every day, depending on the level of humidity, temperature an
wind speeds.
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REFERENCEwww.wikipedia.orgwww.tecno12-18.comtocnologies 1ºESO
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BYE!