teck-realschule, kirchheim, germany comenius project 2012-2014: “free to move – transports as a...
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Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
COMENIUS PROJECT 2012-2014:
“Free to move – Transports as a motor for youngsters’ mobility”
German Partner:
TECK-REALSCHULE, Kirchheim/Teck
„History of the automobile“
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
Our topics are
2. 19th century
3. 20th century
5. Future
1. Introduction
4. Present
Once upon a time …
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
… a German engineer named Karl Benz
invented a horseless carriage.
The Benz-Patent Motorwagenwas patented in 1886.
It was the first automobile with a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine.
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY1
9th
cen
tury
In 1888 Karl Benz‘ wife, Bertha, wanted to show to the general public that the automobile was very useful.
Together with her two sons (14 and 15) she drove the first long distance trip ever –104 km.
A pharmacy was the world‘s firstfilling station. She solved technical problems by using her hatpin and hergarter.
The first car trip
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY1
9th
cen
tury
Within a few years many technologies were being produced by different producers all over the western world. Some are:
Rudolf Diesel 1893
John Boyd Dunlop 1888
Louis Renault 1903
Robert Bosch 1901
Diesel engine
drum brake
pneumatic tyre
sparking plug
New technologies
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
19
th c
en
tury
Foundation of worldwide famous companies
- 1896 Peugeot (Audincourt, Lille)
- 1898 Renault (Boulogne-Billancourt) - 1899 Opel (Rüsselsheim)
- 1899 Fiat (Turin)
Fiat 3 ½ HP (1899)
Voiturette of Renault (1898)
- 1890 Daimler (Stuttgart)
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
20
th c
en
tury
This changed when Henry Ford devoloped the assembly line in 1908. The automobile became available for the middle class.
Assembling limousines at individual stations was not veryefficient so the cars were very expensive and affordable only for rich people.
The first mass produced car:Ford Model T „Tin Lizzy“- 850 $- 20 hp, 4 V- v max 64-72 km/h- till 1972 the most sold car in the world, > 15 mio
Mass production
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
1900191019201930194019501960197019801990200020100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Global production of motorvehicles
Pro
du
cti
on
in
million
s
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY2
0th
cen
tury
Oldies but Goldies
Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost, 1920
Maserati 8C-3000, 1933
Cadillac Type 34-A Town Sedan, 1928
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY2
0th
cen
tury
Toyota Corolla
Volkswagen Käfer
Citroën 2CV
Likable „baby“
Most sold car ever Darling of a nation
Car of the 20th centuryFiat 500Bugatti Veyron 16.4
Most expensive and fastest car ever
Records all over the world
Porsche 911Dream of any sportive driver
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
20
th c
en
tury
Epicentre of emotions…
MINI-AII4-14 at Dakar rally, 181 hp, V4 in 2013
Mercedes „Silberpfeil“ W25, 280 hp, V8 in 1934
Ferrari GG 50, 540 hp, V12 in 2005
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYP
resen
tCars and energy
During the last decades cars used less fuel - although their weight increased.
This is a consequence of a permanent improvement of technology:
- Leightweight materials (duraluminium and carbon fiber instead of steel)
- Fuel saving tyres
- Fuel-injection system
- Aerodynamic design
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYP
resen
tCars and safety
Fatal accidents decreased to a high grade during the past decades.
- Airbags
- Automatic Braking Systems (ABS)
- Electronic Stability Control (ESC)
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
- Highly resistant materials
One reason is the improved technology in cars:
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
Fatal accidents in Europe
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYFu
ture
Three Wheel Hybrid-Electric Vehicle
Requirements for sustainability in the future
- Energy efficient and CO2 neutral
- Low emission- Quiet
1. Concerning new engine types
Zero emission F-Cell Hydrogen Electric car: In the fuel cell, hydrogen is directly transformed into electrical energy.
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYFu
ture
- Consumer-friendly and comfortable (e.g. self-driving, self-parking)
- High safety standard
2. Concerning safety
Requirements for sustainability in the future
Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication V2V
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication V2I
Alternative driving concepts:
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
Just some of so many who participated in this story
Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY
Thank you very much for going with usalong our journey through time. We hope you have enjoyed yourselves.Bye, bye…
Alina
Elfriede
Johannes
KatjaLilith
Sebastian
Stefan