techspecs liscop updated

Section V. Technical Specifications

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Standard

Technical

Specifications

For LLDA-LISCOP Subproject

Laguna Lake Development Authority 2007


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Standard Technical Specifications for LISCOP-LLDA as part of the bidding documents for works under procurement, adapts internationally accepted standards and appropriate national standards as specified to ensure full consistency of the requirements and definition of terms with the provisions of the General Conditions of Contract (GCC) of the Philippine Bidding Documents for Infrastructure Projects consistent with R.A. 9184 (GPRA) otherwise known as Government Procurement Reform Act of 2003. The initiatives taken by the Project was largely referred from the DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume I & II (Blue Book 2004v) which was adapted for LISCOP sub-projects and LLDA initiated environmental sub-projects, acknowledging the significant contribution of the agency to public works. LGUs undergoing DAED on the pipeline are planned to be issued of this Specifications for the sub-project by LLDA before finalizing for use by the Project. As far as possible, it is the intent to standardized the requirements for materials, equipment, quality and workmanship across sub-projects for implementation. The definitions on measurements and quantification in relation to the pay items have been clearly stated with the BOQ and the Plans to avoid conflicts during construction. Finally, my appreciation is reserved for all those currently helping to make the Project a direct contribution in advancing our collective contribution to environment protection.

(SGD.) DOLORA N. NEPOMUCENO

Officer-in-Charge, as Project Manager-LISCOP Laguna Lake Development Authority


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TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM NO. Page No. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................2 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...........................................................................10 VOLUME I TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS for HIGHWAYS, DRAINAGE, SLOPE PROTECTION and Miscellaneous Structures ......................................................11 PART A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................12 PART B EARTHWORK ...............................................................................................17 ITEM 100 - CLEARING AND GRUBBING .................................................................17

100.1 Description .....................................................................................................17 100.2 Construction Requirements............................................................................17 100.3 Method of Measurement ................................................................................18 100.4 Basis of Payment............................................................................................19

ITEM 102 - EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND DISPOSAL ............................19 102.1 Description .....................................................................................................20 102.2 Construction Requirements............................................................................20 102.3 Method of Measurement ................................................................................21 102.4 Basis of Payments ..........................................................................................22

PART C - SUB-BASE AND BASE COURSE...................................................................23 ITEM 200 AGGREGATE SUB-BASE COURSE .......................................................23

200.1 Description .....................................................................................................23 200.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................23 200.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................24 200.4 Method of Measurement ...............................................................................25 200.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................25

PART D SURFACE COURSES......................................................................................26 ITEM 311 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT .................................26

311.1 Description .....................................................................................................26 311.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................26 311.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................29 311.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................47 311.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................47

PART E SUPER STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION.................................................49 ITEM 403 METAL STRUCTURES ............................................................................49

403.1 Description .....................................................................................................49 403.2 Materials Requirements .................................................................................49 403.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................49 403.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................52 403.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................54

ITEM 404 REINFORCING STEEL.............................................................................55 404.1 Description .....................................................................................................55 404.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................55 404.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................55 404.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................56 404.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................56


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ITEM 405 STRUCTURAL CONCRETE ....................................................................57 405.1 Description .....................................................................................................57 405.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................57 405.3 Sampling and Testing of Structural Concrete ................................................58 405.4 Production Requirements ...............................................................................59 405.5 Method of Measurement ................................................................................63 405.6 Basis of Payment............................................................................................63

ITEM 409 - WELDED STRUCTURAL STEEL..............................................................63 409.1 Description .....................................................................................................63 409.2 Materials Requirements .................................................................................63 409.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................64 409.4 Measurement and Payment ............................................................................70

ITEM 411 PAINTINGS................................................................................................70 411.1 Description .....................................................................................................70 411.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................71 411.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................71 411.4 Preparation of Surfaces ..................................................................................73 411.5 Measurement and Payment ............................................................................75

PART F DRAINAGE AND SLOPE PROTECTION.........................................................76 ITEM 500 PIPE CULVERTS AND STORM DRAINS...............................................76


ITEM 502 MANHOLES, INLETS AND CATCH BASINS .......................................81 502.1 Description .....................................................................................................81 502.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................81 502.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................82 502.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................82 502.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................83

502 (3) Catch Basins Each............................................................................................83 ITEM 505 RIPRAP AND GROUTED RIPRAP ..........................................................84


ITEM 506 STONE MASONRY .........................................................................................87 506.1 Description .....................................................................................................87 506.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................87 506.3 Construction Requirement .............................................................................87 506.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................89 506.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................89

PART G MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES.............................................................90 ITEM 604 - FENCE............................................................................................................90

604.1 General ...........................................................................................................90 604.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................90 604.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................91


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604.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................91 604.5 Basis for Payment ..........................................................................................91

ITEM 605 ROAD SIGN ..................................................................................................92 605.1 Description .....................................................................................................92 605.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................92 605.3 Construction Requirements............................................................................93

ITEM 611 TREE PLANTING.........................................................................................94 611.1 Description .....................................................................................................94 611.2 Material Requirements ...................................................................................94 611.3 Construction Method......................................................................................95 611.4 Method of Measurement ................................................................................96 611.5 Basis of Payment............................................................................................96

PART H MATERIALS DETAILS ................................................................................97 700 HYDRAULIC CEMENT...............................................................................97 703 AGGREGATES .............................................................................................97 704 MASONRY UNITS.......................................................................................98 709 PAINTS..........................................................................................................99 710 REINFORCING STEEL AND WIRE ROPE..............................................101 711 FENCE AND GUARDRAIL.......................................................................102 712 STRUCTURAL METAL.............................................................................103 714 WATER........................................................................................................104

VOLUME II TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION for BUILDINGS, FLOOD CONTROL, LANDFILL and Miscellaneous Structures .......................................................................106 PART A - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................108 PART B - EARTHWORK .........................................................................................108

800 Clearing and Grubbing.................................................................................108 801 Removal of Structures and Obstruction .......................................................108 802 Excavation....................................................................................................108 803 Structural Excavation...................................................................................108 804 Embankment ................................................................................................108

PART C - PLAIN AND REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS..............................109 ITEM 900 - REINFORCED CONCRETE .....................................................................109

900.1 Description ...................................................................................................109 900.2 Materials Requirements ...............................................................................109 900.3 Construction Requirements.........................................................................111 900.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................114 900.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................114

ITEM 901 MASONRY WORKS ...............................................................................115 901.1 Description ...................................................................................................115 901.2 Materials Requirements ...............................................................................115 901.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................116 901.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................117 901.5 Basis for Payments.......................................................................................117

PART D - BUILDINGS FINISHES...........................................................................118 ITEM 1000 TERMITE CONTROL WORK ....................................................................118

1000.1 Description ...................................................................................................118 1000.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................118 1000.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................118 1000.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................119


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1000.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................120 ITEM 1001 STORM DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM ..................................120

1001.1 Description ...................................................................................................120 1001.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................120 1001.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................121 1001.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................122 1001.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................122

ITEM 1002 PLUMBING..................................................................................................123 1002.1 Description ...................................................................................................123 1002.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................123 1002.2.3 Approved Alternate Pipes and Fittings ................................................123 1002.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................126 1002.4 Method of Measurement .............................................................................129 1002.5 Basis of Payment.........................................................................................129

ITEM 1003 CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS ....................................................130 1003.1 Description ...................................................................................................130 1003.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................130 1003.3 Construction Requirements.........................................................................132 1003.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................133 1003.5 Basis of Payments ........................................................................................133

ITEM 1004 HARDWARE................................................................................................134 1004.1 Description ...................................................................................................134 1004.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................134 1004.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................136 1004.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................137 1004.5 Basis of Payment.........................................................................................137

ITEM 1005 STEEL WINDOWS ......................................................................................138 1005.1 Description ...................................................................................................138 1005.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................138 1005.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................139 1005.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................140 1005.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................140

ITEM 1006 STEEL DOORS AND FRAMES..................................................................140 1006.1 Description ...................................................................................................140 1006.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................141 1006.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................141 1006.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................143 1006.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................143

ITEM 1007 ALUMINUM GLASS DOORS ....................................................................143 1007.1 Description ...................................................................................................143 1007.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................143 1007.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................144 1007.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................145 1007.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................145

ITEM 1008 ALUMINUM GLASS WINDOWS..............................................................145 1008.1 Description ...................................................................................................145 1008.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................145 1008.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................146 1008.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................147


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1008.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................147 ITEM 1009 JALOUSIE WINDOWS ...............................................................................147


ITEM 1010 WOODEN DOORS AND WINDOW ..........................................................149 1010.1 Description ...................................................................................................149 1010.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................149 1010.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................150 1010.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................153 1010.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................153

ITEM 1011 ROLLING UP DOORS.................................................................................154 1011.1 Description ...................................................................................................154 1011.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................154 1011.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................155 1011.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................155 1011.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................155

ITEM 1012 GLASS AND GLAZING..............................................................................156 1012.1 Description ...................................................................................................156 1012.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................156 1012.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................157 1012.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................158 1012.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................158

ITEM 1013 CORRUGATED METAL ROOFING..........................................................159 1013.1 Description ...................................................................................................159 1013.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................159 1013.3 Construction Requirements.........................................................................159 1013.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................162 1013.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................162

ITEM 1014 PREPAINTED METAL SHEETS................................................................163 1014.1 Description ...................................................................................................163 1014.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................163 1014.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................164 1014.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................165 1014.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................165

ITEM 1015 CLAY ROOF TILES ....................................................................................165 1015.1 Description ...................................................................................................165 1015.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................166 1015.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................166 1015.3 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................167 1015.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................167

ITEM 1016 WATERPROOFING.....................................................................................167 1016.1 Description ...................................................................................................167 1016.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................167 1016.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................168 1016.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................171 1016.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................171


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ITEM 1018 CERAMIC TILES.........................................................................................171 1018.1 Description ...................................................................................................171 1018.2 Material Requirement ..................................................................................171 1018.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................172 1018.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................173 1018.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................173

ITEM 1020 VINYL FLOOR TILES ................................................................................173 1020.1 Description ...................................................................................................173 1020.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................174 1020.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................174 1020.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................175 1020.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................175

ITEM 1021 CEMENT FLOOR FINISH ..........................................................................175 1021.1 Description ...................................................................................................175 1021.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................175 1021.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................176 1021.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................177 1021.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................177

ITEM 1027 CEMENT PLASTER FINISH ......................................................................178 1027.1 Description ...................................................................................................178 1027.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................178 1027.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................178 1027.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................179 1027.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................179

ITEM 1030 ACCOUSTICAL CEILING..........................................................................180 1030.1 Description ...................................................................................................180 1030.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................180 1030.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................180 1030.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................180 1030.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................180

ITEM 1032 PAINTING, VARNISHING AND OTHER RELATED WORKS...............181 1032.1 Description ...................................................................................................181 1032.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................181 1032.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................183 1032.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................185 1032.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................185

PART E ELECTRICAL WORKS..............................................................................186 ITEM 1100 CONDUITS, BOXES & FITTINGS.........................................................186

1100.1 Description ...................................................................................................186 1100.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................186 1100.3 Construction Requirement ...........................................................................186 1100.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................188 1100.6 General Specifications .................................................................................188 1100.7 Specifications on: .........................................................................................188

ITEM 1101 WIRES AND WIRING DEVICES...........................................................189 1101.1 Description ...................................................................................................189 1101.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................189 1101.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................190 1101.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................191


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1101.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................191 ITEM 1102 POWER LOAD CENTER, SWITCHGEAR AND PANELBOARDS ........192


PART F MECHANICAL WORKS............................................................................196 ITEM 1200 AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEM....................196


ITEM 1201 - WATER PUMPING SYSTEM..................................................................200 1201.1 Description ...................................................................................................200 1201.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................200 1201.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................201 1201.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................201 1201.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................201

ITEM 1204 - WELL WATER SYSTEM..........................................................................202 1204.1 Description ...................................................................................................202 1204.1.2 Geologic Mapping and Water Point Inventory .....................................202 1204.1.3 Georesistivity Survey............................................................................202 1204.1.6 Well Drilling .........................................................................................202 1204.2 Construction Requirements..........................................................................202 1204.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................209 1204.5 Basis of Payment..........................................................................................209

PART G MISCELLANEOUS WORKS .....................................................................211 ITEM 1300 SANITARY LANDFILL ...........................................................................211

1300.1 Description ...................................................................................................211 1300.2 Material Requirements .................................................................................211 1300.3 Construction Requirements..........................................................................213 1300.4 Method of Measurement ..............................................................................219 1300.5 Basis for Payment ........................................................................................220

List of Tables

Table 200.1 Grading Requirements................................................................................................................. 23 Table 311.1 Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregates ............................................................................... 27 Table 311.2 Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregate............................................................................. 27 Table 311.3.22 Strength Deficiencies of Concrete Specimens....................................................................... 45 Table 311.3.22 Payment Adjustments per Deficiency in Average Thickness Per Lot.................................... 47 Table 405.1- Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregate ........................................................................... 57 Table 714.1 Acceptance Criteria for Questionable Water Supplies ............................................................. 104 Table 900.1 Maximum Permissible Water-Cement Ratios for Concrete (Method 1) ................................... 112


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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transport Officials ACI American Concrete Institute AISC American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification ASTM American Standard for Testing of Materials AWS American Welding Society BOQ Bill of Quantities DAED Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design ESWMA Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 PSA Product Standards Agency LGU Local Government Unit LISCOP Laguna de bay Institutional Strengthening and Community Participation Project


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VOLUME I TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS for HIGHWAYS, DRAINAGE, SLOPE PROTECTION and Miscellaneous Structures

VOLUME I TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

for

DRAINAGE, SLOPE PROTECTION and MISCELLANEOUS STRUCTURES


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PART A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS A1.1 Scope of Work

This section shall include the mobilization and demobilization of Contractors plant, equipment, materials and employee to the site; construction of Contractors office and facilities; compliance with the contract requirements; providing and maintaining the facilities for the Engineer.

This section shall include the furnishing of labor, materials, transportation, tools, supplies, plant, equipment and appurtenances to complete satisfactorily the construction of the proposed subproject.

A1.2 Mobilization and Demobilization

The Contractor upon receipt of the Notice to Proceed shall immediately mobilize and transport his plant, equipment, materials and employees to the site and demobilize or remove the same at the completion of subproject.

A1.3 Contractors Field Office and Facilities A1.3.1 Field Office

During the performance of the contract, the Contractor shall construct and maintain a field office and facilities at the site of the work at which he or his authorized agent shall be holding office at all times, while the work is in progress. The location, dimensions and layout of such field office shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer and local authorities having jurisdiction thereof. Construction shanties, sheds and temporary facilities provided as required for the Contractors convenience shall be maintained in good condition and neat appearance including finishes as required by the Engineer. Also, a medical room together with all necessary supplies shall be located in the Contractors field office. The medical room could be a building or room designated and used exclusively for this purpose.

A1.3.2 Temporary Light and Power

The Contractor shall provide and maintain temporary electrical service including installation of temporary power and lighting within the construction site. The electrical services shall be adequate in capacity to supply power to construction tools and equipment without over-loading the temporary facilities and shall be made available to supply power, lighting and construction operations of all trades. All temporary equipment and wiring for power and lighting shall be in accordance with the applicable provisions of the local governing codes. At the completion of the construction work all temporary wiring, lighting, equipment and devices shall be removed.

A1.3.3 Temporary Toilet

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Part A


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The Contractor shall provide and maintain in sanitary condition enclosed toilet for the use of all construction personnel located within the contract limits, complete with fixtures, water and sewer connections and all appurtenances. Installation shall be in accordance with ESWMA and all applicable codes and regulations of the local authorities having jurisdiction thereof. Upon completion of the work, temporary toilet and their appurtenances shall be removed.

A1.3.4 Temporary Water Service

The Contractor shall provide and maintain temporary water supply service, complete with necessary connections and appurtenances. Installed water supply shall be used as a source of water for construction purposes subject to the approval of the Engineer. The Contractor shall pay the cost of operation, maintenance and restoration of the water system. All temporary water service including equipment and piping shall be removed upon completion of the work and all worn out and damaged parts of the permanent system shall be replaced and restored in first class condition equal to new.

A1.3.5 Security

The Contractor shall provide sufficient security in the construction site to prevent illegal entry or work damaged during nights; holidays and other period when work is not executed; and during working hours. The Contractor shall take ample precautions against fire by keeping away flammable materials, and ensure that such materials are properly handled and stored. Fires shall not be built within the area of construction, except when permitted by the Engineer.

A1.4 Facilities for the Engineer

The Contractor shall provide and maintain a field office and temporary utilities for the Engineer to include but not limited to the following items:

A1.4.1 Field Office

The field office shall be located at a site designated by the Engineer. The field office shall be of wooden construction with 19mm thick plywood flooring and 12mm thick plywood sidings and partitions. Roofing shall be a gauge 26 corrugated G.I. sheet. It shall be furnished with at least office table one (1) drafting table, chairs, one (1) blackboard, filing cabinet, shelves for plans and office supplies. The field office shall be elevated to avoid flooding during wet season. The field office shall be used by the Engineer for the duration of construction.

A1.4.2 Site Utilities

Site utilities including potable water supply, light and power, drainage, temporary toilet, temporary fence, barricades and refuse collection.

A1.5 Compliance with Contract Requirements A1.5.1 Control of on Site Construction

Prior to the start of any definable feature of the work, the Contractor must perform the necessary inspection to include as follows:

(1) Review of Contract Documents to make sure that materials, equipment and products have

been tested, submitted and approved. (2) Physical examination of materials and equipment to assure its conformity to the specifications,

plans, shop drawings and other data.


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(3) As soon as the work has been started the Contractor shall conduct initial inspection to check

and review the workmanship in compliance with the contract requirements for a particular item of work.

(4) The Contractor shall perform these inspections on a regular basis to assure continuing

compliance with the contract requirements until completion of a particular type of work. A1.5.2 Preconstruction Meetings

Prior to the start of construction, Contractors material men or vendors whose presence is required, must attend preconstruction meetings as directed for the purpose of discussing the execution of work.

A1.5.3 Progress Meetings

Progress meetings shall be called upon by the following for the purpose of discussing the implementation of the work.

(1) When called upon by the Engineer or the Procuring Entity or his representative for the

purpose of discussing the execution of work. Contractors material men or vendors whose presence is necessary or requested must attend progress meetings. Each of such meeting shall be held at the time and place designated by the Engineer or his representative. Decisions and instructions agreed on these meetings shall be binding and conclusive on the contract. Minutes of this meeting shall be recorded and reasonable number of copies shall be furnished to the Contractor for distribution to various materials men and vendors involved.

(2) The Contractor may also call for a progress meeting for the purpose of coordinating, expediting and scheduling the work. In such meeting Contractors material men or vendors, whose presence is necessary or requested are required to attend.

A1.5.4 Progress Reports and Construction Logbook

The Contractor shall prepare and submit progress reports to the Engineer weekly and every 30 days for each month from the start of the sub-projects mobilization up to its completion, showing the work completed, work remaining to be done, the status of construction equipment, labor, and materials at the site and deliveries. Construction logbook shall be available showing actual works in daily basis including other information such as weather conditions, truck delivery, visitors, etc.

A1.5.5 Survey Data

The Contractor shall layout his work from established based lines and bench mark indicated in the drawing and shall be responsible for all measurement in connection therewith. The Contractor shall furnish, at his own expense, all stakes, templates, platforms, equipment, tools, materials and labor as may be required in laying out any part of the work, out of established base lines and bench mark. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to maintain and preserve all stakes and other marks unit he is authorized to remove them. If such marks are destroyed by the Contractor through his negligence prior to the authorized removal, they shall be replaced at the expense of the Contractor.

A1.5.6 Shop Drawings

The Contractor shall submit and furnish shop drawings and samples accompanied with transmittal forms in accordance with the provision of the Conditions of Contract. The term Shop Drawings as


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used herein shall be understood to include detailed design calculations, construction drawings, lists, graphs, and others.

(1) Transmittal forms shall be filled out in typewritten or ink with no alterations or interlineations

unless initialed and dated before submittal. Shop drawings shall be submitted as the same size as the contract drawings when practicable, but in no case it shall exceed dimension of the contract drawings. The Contractor shall make preliminary check of all shop drawings for compliance with the contract documents and he shall stamp each print with statement of compliance with the requirements. The contractor may authorize his supplier to deal directly with the Engineer with regard to shop drawings, however ultimate responsibility for accuracy and completeness in the submittal shall remain with the Contractor.

(2) The said shop drawing and transmittal shall be submitted at a time sufficiently early, to allow

review of the same by the Engineer and to accommodate the rate of construction progress required under the contract. The contractor shall submit print copies of shop drawings with transmittal forms, and copies of brochures with transmittal forms, as required by the Engineer.

(3) Any shop drawings and samples, submitted not accompanied by transmittal forms or where all

applicable items on the forms are not completed will be returned for resubmittal. The Engineer who will check and evaluate mentioned shop drawings will retain print copy for his file and return the rest to the Contractor with notation. Returned shop drawings marked No Exceptions Taken or Make Corrections Noted, means formal revision of said drawings will not be required. If it is marked Amend-Resubmit or Rejected-Resubmit, the Contractor shall revise said drawing and shall submit revised drawing to the Consultant.

(4) The Engineer shall process the submission and indicate the appropriate action on the shop

drawings and transmittal forms. Construction of an item shall not be commenced before the Engineer has reviewed the pertinent shop drawing and returned it to the Contractor, marked as mentioned above. Revisions indicated on shop drawing shall be considered as changes necessary to meet the requirements of the contract drawings and specifications, and shall not be taken as the basis of claims for extra work. The Contractor shall have no claim for damages or extension of time due to any delay, resulting from having Contractors make the required revisions, unless review by the Engineer was delayed beyond reasonable period of time and unless the Contractor can establish that such delay in revision resulted in delay of the project.

(5) Resubmittal procedure shall follow the same procedure as the initial submittal.

A1.5.7 Construction Photographs

The Contractor shall take photographs during the progress of the work once a month, all taken where directed by the Engineer. At the completion of one project final photographs shall be taken by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer. Two prints of each photographs shall be sent to the Procuring Entity and one print to the Engineer The photographs shall be neatly labeled, dated, and identified in a little box in the lower right hand corner, showing the date of exposure, project name, location and direction of view.

All negatives and/or electronic copies shall be retained by the Contractor until completion of the work at which time they shall become the property of the Procuring Entity.

A1.5.8 Cleaning-up

The Contractor shall at all times keep the construction area including storage area used by him free from accumulations of waste material or rubbish. Upon completion of construction, the Contractor


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shall leave the work and premises in clean, neat and workmanlike conditions satisfactory to the Procuring Entity.

A1.5.9 Documents to be Submitted

The following documents shall be submitted by the Contractor to the Engineer and Procuring Entity prior to final payment and before issuance of final certificate of payment in accordance with the provisions of the Conditions of Contract.

(1) The guarantee required by the Conditions of Contract and any other extended guarantees

stated in the technical sections of the specifications.

(2) A set of As-Built drawings shall be submitted showing accurate record of changes or deviations from the contract documents and the shop drawings indicating the work as actually installed. Records shall be arranged in order, in accordance with the various sections of the specifications and properly indexed with certifications of endorsement thereof, that each of the revised print of the drawings and specifications are complete and accurate. Prior to the application for final payment, and as a condition to its approval by the Engineer and the Procuring Entity, the Contractor shall deliver the records, drawings, and specifications arranged in proper order, indexed and endorsed as herein specified.

A1.6 Method of Measurement

Work prescribed in this Section shall be measured as follows:

(1) This item shall be quantified in term one (1) unit item to include the cost of construction of Contractor and Engineer field office including its furniture and accessories.

(2) Cost incurred in providing and maintaining Contractors field office, temporary light and power,

temporary toilet, water and security services, including cost of mobilization and demobilization, and cost incurred in the compliance of contract requirements shall not be measured and paid separately, same shall be deemed to be included in the cost of other items of work, as part of the Contractors construction overheads.

A1.7 Basis of Payment

The accomplished work item shall be paid for at the appropriate contract price of the particular pay item shown in the Bill of Quantities which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and maintaining such items.


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PART B EARTHWORK ITEM 100 - CLEARING AND GRUBBING 100.1 Description This item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing and disposing all vegetable and debris as designated in the Contract, except those objects that are designated to remain in place or are to be removed in consonance with other provisions of this Specification. The work shall also include the preservation from injury or defacement of all objects designated to remain. 100.2 Construction Requirements 100.2.1 General

The Engineer will establish the limits of work and designate all trees, shrubs, plans and other things to remain. The Contractor shall preserve all objects designated to remain. Paint required for cut or seared surface of trees or shrubs selected for retention shall be an approved asphaltum base paint prepared especially for tree pruning. 100.2.2 Clearing and Grubbing All surface objects and all trees, stumps, roots and other protruding obstructions, not designated to remain, shall be cleared and/or grubbed, including mowing as required, except as provided below:

(1) Removal of undisturbed stumps and roots and non-breakable solid objects with a minimum of 900mm (36

inches) below sub grade or slope of embankments will not be required. (2) In areas outside of the grading limits of cut and embankment area, stumps and non-breakable solid

objects shall be cut off not more than 150mm (6 inches) above the ground line or low water level. (3) In areas to be rounded at the top of cut slopes, stumps shall be cut off flush with or below the surface of

the final slope line. (4) Grubbing of pits, channel changes and ditches will be required only to the depth necessitated by the

proposed excavation within such areas.

Except in areas to be excavated, stumps holes and other holes from which obstructions were removed shall be backfilled with suitable material and compacted to the required density.

EARTHWORK

Part B


Page 18

If perishable material is burned, it shall be burned under the constant care of competent watchmen at such times and in such a manner that the surrounding vegetation, other adjacent property, or anything designated to remain on the right of way not be jeopardized. If permitted, burning shall be done in accordance with applicable laws, ordinances, and regulations. The Contractor shall use high intensity burning procedures, (i.e. incinerators, high stacking or pit and ditch burning with forced air supplements) that produce intense burning with little or no visible smoke emission during the burning process. At the conclusion of each burning session, the fire shall be completely extinguished so that no smoldering debris remains. In the event that the Contractor is directed by the Engineer not to start burning operations or to suspend such operations because of hazardous weather conditions, material to be burned which interferes with subsequent construction operations shall be moved by the Contractor to temporary locations clear of construction operations and later, if directed by the Engineer, shall be placed on a designated spot and burned. Materials and debris, which cannot be burned and perishable materials, may be disposed of by methods and at locations approved by the Engineer, on or off the project. If disposal is by burying, the debris shall be placed in layers with the material so disturbed to avoid nesting. Each layer shall be covered or mixed with earth material by the landfill method to fill all voids. The top layer of material buried shall be covered with at least 300mm (12 inches) of earth or other approved material and shall be graded, shaped and compacted to present a pleasing appearance. If the disposal location is off the project, the Contractor shall make all necessary arrangements with property owners in writing for obtaining suitable disposal locations, which are outside the limits of view from the project. The cost involved shall be included in the unit bid price. A copy of such agreement shall be furnished to the Engineer. The disposal areas shall be seeded, fertilized and mulched at the Contractors expense. Woody material may be disposed of by chipping. The wood chips may be used for mulch, slope erosion control or may be uniformly spread over selected areas as directed by the Engineer. Wood chips used as mulch for slope erosion control shall have a maximum thickness of 12 mm (1/2 inch) and faces not exceeding 3900 mm2 (6 square inches) on any individual surface area. Wood chips not designated for use under other sections shall be spread over the designated areas in layers not to exceed 75 mm (3 inches) loose thickness. Diseased trees shall be buried or disposed of as directed by the Engineer. All merchantable timber in the clearing area, which has not been removed from the right of way prior to the beginning of construction, shall become the property of the Contractor, unless otherwise provided. Low hanging branches and unsound or unsightly branches on trees or shrubs designated to remain shall be trimmed as directed. Branches of trees extending over the roadbed shall be trimmed to give a clear height of 6m (20 feet) above the roadbed surface. All trimming shall be done by skilled workmen and in accordance with good tree pruning practices. Timber cut inside the area staked for clearing shall be felled within the area to be cleared. 100.2.3 Individual Removal of Trees or Stumps Individual trees or stumps designated by the Engineer for removal and located in areas other than those established for clearing and grubbing and roadside cleanup shall be removed and disposed of as specified under Subsection 100.2.2 except trees removed shall be cut as nearly-flush with the ground as practicable without removing stumps.

100.3 Method of Measurement


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Measurement will be by one or more of the following alternate methods:

1. Area Basis The work to be paid for shall be the number of hectares and fractions thereof acceptably cleared and grubbed within the limits indicated on the Plans or as may be adjusted in field staking by the Engineer. Areas not within the clearing and grubbing limits shown on the Plans or not staked for clearing and grubbing will not be measured for payment.

2. Lump-Sum Basis When the Bill of Quantities contains a Clearing and Grubbing Lump Sum Item; no measurement of area will be made for such item.

3. Individual Unit Basis (Selective Clearing) The diameter of trees will be measured at a height of 1.4m (54

inches) above the ground. Trees less than 150 mm (6 inches) in diameter will not be measured for payment. When Bill of Quantities indicated measurement of trees by individual unit basis, the units will be designated and measured in accordance with the following schedule of sizes.

Diameter at height of 1.4m Pay Item Description Over 150 mm to 900mm Small Over 900 mm Large

100.4 Basis of Payment The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 100.3 shall be paid for at the contract unit price for each of the Pay Item listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities, which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under: Pay Item No. Description Unit of Measurement 100 (1) Site Preparation Square meter

including clearing and grubbing

100 (2) Individual Removal of Each Trees, Small

100 (3) Individual Removal of Each

Trees, Large

ITEM 102 - EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND DISPOSAL


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102.1 Description The Contractor shall perform all earthworks both for roadway, structures, drainage and borrow excavation and the disposal of material in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer. 102.2 Construction Requirements 102.2.1 General When there is evidence of discrepancies on the actual elevations and that shown on the Plans, a pre-construction survey referred to the datum plane used in the approved Plan shall be undertaken by the Contractor under the control of the Engineer to serve as basis for the computation pf the actual volume of the excavated materials. All excavations shall be finished to reasonably smooth and uniform surfaces. No materials shall be wasted without authority of the Engineer. Excavation operation shall be conducted so that material outside of the limits of slopes will not be disturbed. Prior to excavation, all necessary clearing and grubbing in the area shall have been performed in accordance with Item 100, Clearing and Grubbing. The Contractor shall furnish, place and maintain all supports and shoring that may be required for the sides of the excavations, and all pumping, ditching or other approved measures for the removal or exclusion of water, including taking care of storm water and waste water reaching the site of the work from any source so as to prevent damage to the work or adjoining property.

102.2.2 Conservation of Topsoil Where provided for on the Plans or in Special provisions, suitable topsoil encountered in the excavation and on areas where embankment is to be placed shall be removed to such extent and to such depth as the Engineer may direct. The removed topsoil shall be transported and deposited in storage piles at locations approved by the Engineer. The topsoil shall be completely removed to the required depth from any designated area prior to the beginning of excavation or embankment work in the area and shall be kept separate from other excavated materials for later use. 102.2.3 Utilization of Excavated Materials

All suitable material removed from the excavation shall be used in the formation of the embankment, subgrade, shoulders, slopes, bedding and backfill for structures, and for other purposes shown on the Plans or as directed. The Engineer will designate as unsuitable those soils that can not be properly compacted in the embankments. All suitable materials shall be disposed off as shown on the Plans or as directed without delay to the Contractor. Only approved materials shall be used in the construction of embankments and backfills. All excess material, including rock and boulders that can not be used in embankments shall be disposed off as directed. Materials encountered in the excavation and determined by the Engineer as suitable for topping, road finishing, slope protection, or other purposes shall be conserved and utilized as directed by the Engineer. 102.2.4 Excavation of Ditches, Gutters, etc.


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All materials excavated from side ditches and gutters, channel changes, inlet and outlet ditches, and such other ditches as may be designated on the Plans or staked by the Engineer, shall be utilized as provided in Subsection 102.2.3. The Contractor shall furnish, place and maintain all supports and shoring that may be required for the sides of the excavations, and all pumping, ditching or other approved measures for the removal or exclusion of water, including taking care of storm water and waste water reaching the excavation to prevent damage. Ditches shall conform to the slope, grade, and shape of the required cross-section with no projections of roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. The contractor shall maintain and keep open and free from leaves, sticks and other debris all ditches dug by him until final acceptance of the work. 102.2.5 Removal of Unsuitable Materials Where the Plans show the bottom portion of the disposal cell bed to be selected, all unsuitable materials shall be excavated to the depth necessary for replacement of the selected clay liner to the required compacted thickness. Where excavation to the finished graded section results in a subgrade or slopes of unsuitable soil, the Engineer may require the Contractor to remove the unsuitable material and backfill to the finished graded section with approved material. The Contractor shall conduct his operations in such a way that the Engineer can take the necessary cross-sectional measurements before the backfill is placed. 102.3 Method of Measurement The cost of excavation of material which is incorporated in the works or other areas of fill shall be deemed to be included in the Items of work where the material is used. For measurement purposes, surplus suitable material shall be calculated as the difference between the net volume of suitable material required to be used in embankment or cover material corrected by applying a shrinkage factor or swell factor in case of rock excavation, determined by laboratory tests to get its original volume measurement, and the net volume of suitable material from excavation in the original position. Separate pay items shall be provided for surplus common, unclassified and rock material. The Contractor shall be deemed to have included in the contract unit prices all costs of obtaining land for the disposal of unsuitable or surplus material.


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102.4 Basis of Payments The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 102.3, shall be paid for the contract unit price for each of the particular pay items listed below that are included in the Bill of Quantities which price and payment shall be full compensation for the removal and disposal of excavated materials including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this item.

Pay Item No. Description Unit of Measurement 102 (1) Unsuitable Excavation m3 102 (2) Surplus Common Excavation m3 102 (3) Surplus Rock Excavation m3

102 (4) Surplus Unclassified Excavation m3


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PART C - SUB-BASE AND BASE COURSE ITEM 200 AGGREGATE SUB-BASE COURSE 200.1 Description This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting an aggregate sub-base course on a prepared sub-grade in accordance with this specification and the lines, grades and cross sections shown on the Plans, or as directed by the Engineer.

200.2 Material Requirements Aggregate for sub base shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter. The composite material shall be free from vegetation and lumps or balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm, stable sub-base.

The sub- base material shall conform to Table 200.1. Table 200.1 Grading Requirements

Sieve Designation Standard mm Alternative US Standard

Mass Percent Passing

50 2 100 25 1 55-85

9.65 3/8 40-75 0.075 No. 200 0-12

The fraction passing the 0.075 mm (No.200) sieve shall not be greater than 0.66 (two thirds) of the fraction passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40) sieve. The fraction passing the 0.425 (No.40 sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than 35 and plasticity index not greater than 12 as determined by AASHTO T 89 and T 90, respectively. The coarse portion, retained on a 2.00 mm (No. 10) sieve, shall have a mass percent of wear not exceeding 50 by the Los Angeles Abrasion Tests as determined by AASHTO T 96. The material shall have a soaked CBR value of not less than 25 percent as determined by AASHTO T 193. The CBR value shall be obtained at the maximum true density as determined by AASHTO T 180, Method D.

SUB-BASE AND BASE COURSES

Part C


Page 24

200.3 Construction Requirements 200.3.1 Preparation of Existing Surface

The existing surface shall be graded and finished as provided under Subsection 12.2, Sub-grade Preparation, before placing the sub-base material. 200.3.2 Placing

The aggregate sub-base material shall be placed as a uniform mixture on a prepared sub-grade in a quantity, which will provide the required compacted thickness. When more than one layer is required, each layer shall be shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is placed. 200.3.3 Spreading Compacting

When uniformly mixed, the mixture shall be spread to the plan thickness, for compaction.

Where the required thickness is 150 mm or less, the material may be spread and compacted in one layer. Where the required thickness is more than 150 mm, the aggregates sub-base shall be spread and compacted in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness, and the maximum compacted thickness of any one layer shall not exceed 150 mm. All subsequent layers shall be spread and compacted in a similar manner.

The moisture content of sub-base material shall, if necessary, be adjusted prior to compaction by watering with approved sprinkles mounted on trucks or by drying out, as required in order to obtain the required compaction. Immediately following final spreading and smoothening, each layer shall be compacted to the full width by means of approved compaction equipment. Rolling shall progress gradually from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road, and shall continue until the whole surface has been rolled. Any irregularities or depressions that develop shall be corrected by loosening the material at these places and adding or removing material until the surface is smooth and uniform. Along curbs, headers, and walls, and at all places not accessible to the roller, the sub-base material shall be compacted thoroughly with approved tampers or compactors.

If the layer of sub-base material, or part thereof, does not conform to the required finish, the Contractor shall, at his own expense, make the necessary corrections.

Compaction of each layer shall continue until a field density of at least 100 percent of the maximum dry density determined in accordance with AASHTO T 180, Method D has been achieved. In place density determination shall be made in accordance with AASHTO T 191. 200.3.4 Trial Sections

Before sub-base construction is started, the Contractor shall spread and compact trial sections as directed by the Engineer. The purpose of the trial sections is to check the suitability of the materials and the efficiency of the equipment and construction method, which is proposed to be used by the Contractor. Therefore the Contractor must use the same material, equipment, and procedures that he proposes to use for the same main work. One trial section of about 500m2 shall be made for every type of material and/or construction equipment/procedure proposed for use.


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After final compaction of each trial section, the Contractor shall carry out such field density tests and other tests required as directed by the Engineer. If a trial section shows that the proposed materials, equipment or procedures in the Engineers opinion are not suitable for sub-base, the material shall be removed at the Contractors expense, and a new trial section shall be constructed. If the basic conditions regarding the type of material or procedure change during the execution of the work, new trial sections shall be constructed.

200.3.5 Tolerance

Aggregate sub-base shall be spread with equipment that will provide a uniform layer, which when compacted will conform to the designed level and transverse slopes as shown on the Plans. The allowable tolerance shall be as specified hereunder.

Permitted variation from design

THICKNESS OF LAYER 20mm Permitted variation from design LEVEL OF SURFACE 10mm -20mm

Permitted SURFACE IRREGULARITY MEASURED by 3m straight edge 20mm Permitted variation from design CROSSFALL or CAMBER 03% Permitted variation from design LONGITUDINAL GRADE over 25m length 01%

200.4 Method of Measurement

Aggregate Subbase Course will be measured by the cubic meter (m3). The quantity to be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted in the completed course. No allowance will be given for materials placed outside the design limits shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be included in the quantity of subbase herein measured. 200.5 Basis of Payment The basis of payment shall be lump sum as shown on the bill of quantities under each item for the access road with site improvement, Aggregate Subbase Course in the Bill of Quantities. This includes supply of granular material as specified.

Pay Item No. Description Unit of Measurement

200 Aggregate Subbase cubic meter Course


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PART D SURFACE COURSES ITEM 311 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT 311.1 Description This item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete, with or without reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section shown on the Plans. 311.2 Material Requirements 311.2.1 Portland Cement

It shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 700 of ASTM, Hydraulic Cement. Only Type 1 Portland Cement shall be used unless otherwise provided for in the Special Provisions. Different brands or the same brands from different mills shall not be mixed nor shall they be used alternately unless the mix is approved by the Engineer. Cement, which for any reason, has become partially set or which contain lumps of caked cement will be rejected. Cement salvaged from discarded or used bags shall not be used. Samples of cement shall be obtained in accordance with AASHTO T 127.

311.2.2 Fine Aggregates

It shall consist of natural sand, stone screenings or other inert materials with similar characteristic, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong and durable particles approved by the Engineer. Fine aggregate from different sources of supply shall not be mixed or stored in the same pile nor used alternately in the same class of concrete without the approval of the Engineer. It shall not contain more than three mass percent of material passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200 sieve) by washing nor more than one mass percent each of clay lumps or shale. The use of beach sand will not be allowed without the approval of the Engineer. If the fine aggregate is subjected to five cycles of the sodium sulfate soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed 10 mass percent.

SURFACE COURSES

Part D


Page 27

The fine aggregate shall be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities and if a color darker than the standard is produced, it shall be rejected. However, when tested for the effect of organic impurities of strength of mortar by AASHTO T 71, the fine aggregate may be used if the relative strength at 7 and 28 days is not less than 95 mass percent. The fine aggregate shall be well graded from coarse to fine and shall conform to Table 311.1.

Table 311.1 Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregates

Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing 9.5 mm (3/8 in) 100 4.75 mm (No. 4) 95-100 1.18 mm (No. 16) 45-80 0.300 mm (No. 50) 5-30 0.150 mm (No. 100) 0.10

311.2.3 Coarse Aggregate

It shall consist of crushed stone, gravel, blast furnace slag, or other approved inert materials of similar characteristics, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong, durable pieces and free from any adherent coatings. It shall contain not more than one mass percent of material passing the 0.075mm (No. 200) sieve, not more than 0.25 mass percent of clay lumps, nor more than 3.5 mass percent of soft fragments. If the coarse aggregate is subjected to five cycles of the sodium sulfate soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed 12 mass percent. It shall have a mass percent of wear not exceeding 40 when tested by AASHTO T 96. If slag is used, its density shall not be less than 1120kg/m3 (70 lb/cu.ft.). The gradation of the coarse aggregate shall conform to Table 311.2. Only one grading specification shall be used from any source.

Table 311.2 Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregate

SIEVE DESIGNATION MASS PERCENT PASSING Standard

mm Alternate US

Standard Grading A Grading B Grading C

75.0 3 in 100 - - 63.0 2 in 90-100 100 100 50.0 2 in - 90-100 95-100 37.5 1 in 25-60 35-70 - 25.0 1 in - 0-15 35-70 19.0 3/4 in 0-10 - - 2.5 1/2 in 0-5 0-5 10-30 4.75 No. 4 - - 0-5


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311.2.4 Water

Water used in mixing, curing, or other designated applications shall be reasonably clean and free of oil, salt, acid, alkali, grass or other substances injurious to the finished product. Water will be tested in accordance with and shall meet the requirements of Item 714, Water. Water which is drinkable may be used without test. Where the source of water is shallow, the intake shall be so enclosed as to exclude silt, mud, grass, or other foreign materials.

311.2.5 Reinforcing Steel

It shall confirm to the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel. Dowel and tie bars shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 31 or M 42, except that rail steel shall not be used for tie bars that are to be bent and re-straightened during construction. Tie bars shall be deformed bars. Dowels shall be plain round bars. Before delivery to the Site of work, one-half of the length of each dowel shall be painted with one coat of approved lead or tar paint.

311.2.6 Joint Fillers

Poured joint fillers shall be mixed asphalt and mineral or rubber filler conforming to the applicable requirements of Item 705, Joint Materials. Performed joint filler shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 705 of ASTM. It shall be punched to admit the dowels where called for in the Plans. The filler for each joint shall be furnished in a single place for full depth and width required for the joint.

311.2.7 Admixtures

Air-entraining admixtures shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 154. Admixture should be added only to the concrete mix to produce some desired modifications to the properties of concrete where necessary, but not as partial replacement of cement.

311.2.8 Curing Materials

Cotton mats, burlap clothe, waterproof paper, liquid membrane forming compounds, or sheeting (film) materials shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 708, Concrete Curing Materials and Admixtures.

311.2.9 Calcium Chloride

It shall conform to AASHTO M 144, if specified or permitted by the Engineer.

311.2.10 Storage of Cement and Aggregate All cements shall be stored, immediately upon delivery at the Site, in weatherproof building, which will protect the cement from dampness. The floor shall be raised from the ground. The buildings shall be placed in locations approved by the Engineer. Provisions for storage shall be ample, and the shipments of cement as received shall be separately stored in such a manner as to allow the earliest deliveries to be used first and to provide easy access for identification and inspection of each shipment. Storage buildings shall have capacity for storage of a sufficient quantity of cement to allow sampling at least twelve days before the cement is to be used. Bulk cement, if used, shall be transferred to elevated air tight and weatherproof bins. Stored cement


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shall meet the test requirements at any time after shortage when wrested is ordered by the Engineer. At the time of use, all cements shall be free of lumps. The handling and storing of concrete aggregates shall be such as to prevent segregation or the inclusion of foreign materials. The Engineer may require that aggregates be stored on separate platforms at satisfactory locations. In order to secure greater uniformity of concrete mix, the Engineer may require that the coarse aggregate be separated into two or more sizes. Different sizes of aggregates shall be stored in separate bins or in separate stockpiles sufficiently remote from each other to prevent the material at the edges of the piles from becoming intermixed. 311.2.11 Proportioning, Consistency and Strength of Concrete The Contractor shall prepare the design mix based on the absolute volume method as outlined in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Standard 211.1 Recommended Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal and Heavy Weight Concrete. It is the intent of this Specification to require approximately 9.0 bags of cement per cubic meter of concrete based on a 40 kg per bag of cement. However, richer mixes may be used in order to meet the minimum strength requirements. The Engineer shall determine from laboratory test of the materials to be used, the cement content and the proportions of aggregate and water that will produce a workable concrete having a slump of between 40 and 75 mm (1- and 3 inches) if not vibrated or between 10 and 40 mm (1/2 and 1 inches if vibrated, and a flexural strength of not less than 3.8 MPa (550 psi) when tested by the third point method or 4.5 MPa (650 psi) when tested by the midpoint method; or a compressive strength of 24.1 MPa (3500 psi) when tested at fourteen days in accordance with AASHTO T 97, T 177 or 22, respectively.

Slump shall be determined using AASHTO T 199. The designer shall consider the use of lean concrete (econocrete) mixtures using local materials or specifically modified conventional concrete mixes in base course and in the lower course of composite, monolithic concrete pavements using a minimum of 75 mm (3 inches) of conventional concrete as the surface course. The mix design shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval and shall be accompanied with certified test data from an approved laboratory demonstrating the adequacy of the mix design. A change in the source of materials during the progress work may necessitate a new design mix. 311.3 Construction Requirements 311.3.1 Quality Control of Concrete 1. General

The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality control of all materials during the handling, blending, mixing and placement operations.

2. Quality Control Plan


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The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer a Quality Control Plan detailing his production control procedures and the type and frequency of sampling and testing to insure that the concrete he produces complies with the Specification. The Engineer shall be provided free access to recent plant production records, and if requested, informational copies of mix design, material certifications and sampling and testing reports.

3. Qualification of Workmen

Experienced and qualified personnel shall perform all batching or mixing operations for the concrete mix, and shall be present at the plant and job site to control the concrete productions whenever the plant is in operation. They shall be identified and duties defined as follows:

a. Concrete Batcher The person performing the batching or mixing operation shall be capable of accurately conducting aggregate surface moisture determinations and establishing correct scale weight for concrete materials. He shall be capable of assuring that the proportioned batch weight of materials is in accordance with the mix design.

b. Concrete Technician The person responsible for concrete production control and sampling

and testing for quality control shall be proficient in concrete technology and shall have a sound knowledge of the specifications as they relate to concrete production. He shall be capable of conducting tests on concrete and concrete materials in accordance with these specifications. He shall be capable of adjusting concrete mix designs for improving workability and specification compliance and preparing trial mix design. He shall be qualified to act as the concrete batcher in the batchers absence.

4. Quality Control Testing

The Contractor shall perform all sampling, testing and inspection necessary to assure quality control of the component materials and the concrete.

The Contractor shall be responsible for determining the gradation of fine and coarse aggregates and for testing the concrete mixture for slump, air content, water-cement ratio and temperature. He shall conduct his operations so as to produce a mix conforming to the approved mix design.

5. Documentation

The Contractor shall maintain adequate records of all inspections and tests. The records shall indicate the nature and number of observations made, the number and type of deficiency found, the quantities approved and nature of any corrective action taken. The Engineer may take independe

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