technology briefing
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2. COIS11011 P/O WEEK 4. Technology Briefing. Information Systems Software. Learning Objectives. Key IS Software Components. Software Programs Sets of instructions Allow the hardware components in the computer system to communicate Two basic types: Systems Software/Operating System - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Information Systems Today: Managing in the Digital World TB2-1
2Technology Briefing
Information Systems Software
COIS11011 P/O WEEK 4
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Learning Objectives
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Key IS Software Components• Software
o Programs o Sets of instructionso Allow the hardware components in the
computer system to communicate
• Two basic types:o Systems Software/Operating Systemo Application Software
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Systems Software• Controls the basic operations of computer
hardware
• Common functions:•Booting
•Reading programs into memory
•Managing program and file storage
•Maintaining the structure of directories
•Formatting disks
•Controlling the computer monitor
•Sending documents to the printer
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Operating System• Coordinates:
o peripheralso application softwareo users
• Also used in embedded devices
• Written in assembly language
• Performs day-to-day operations
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The OS Acts as a Manager
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Interfaces: Command vs. GUI• Provided by operating system
• Interface Types:o Command-based interface o Menu interface
• list of options
o Graphical user interface (GUI)
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Graphical User Interface
• Examples:o Windows Vista
o Mac OS X
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Common Operating Systems
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Utility Programs
•Manage computer resources and files
•Examples:oBackup
oData compression
oAntivirus
oMedia players
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Learning Objectives
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Application Software• For performing specific user tasks
o Writing a business letter o Processing payroll
• Two Typeso Customized (proprietary) software
•Developed specifically by or for a particular organization
o Commercial software •Purchased off the shelf
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Customized Application Software
• Software developed “in-house”
• Advantages:o Customizability
•A kiosk in a retail store to help shoppers o Problem specificity – the company pays only
for specific features •Unique types of required reports
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Off-the-Shelf Application Software
• A.K.A. packaged software
• Support common business processes
• Advantages:o Less costly
o Faster to produce
o Higher quality
o Less risky
• Customized and off-the-shelf applications can be combined
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Examples of IS Application Software
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Productivity Software• Word Processor
o MS Word, OpenOffice Writer
• Spreadsheeto MS Excel, OpenOffice Calc
• Database management o MS Access, OpenOffice BASE
• Presentation Softwareo MS PowerPoint, OpenOffice Impress
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Productivity Software (II)• Email
o MS Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird
• Web browsero MS Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox
• Chato MS Live Messenger, Yahoo! Messenger
• Calendar and contact managemento Lotus Notes, MS Outlook
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Open-Source Software• Source code is freely available for
o use and/or o modification
• Examples:o Operating systems – Linuxo Web browsers – Firefoxo Secure connection standard – OpenSSLo Personal productivity software – OpenOffice
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OSI Certification• Author of source code cannot collect royalties
• Source code accessible to users
• Modifications under original name allowed
• No one denied access to program
• Rights attached to program must not depend on it being part of a particular software distribution
• Software cannot place restrictions on other software that is distributed with it