Technology and Communication

Alys Maynord and Ann-Houston Campbell

Industrialism

Industrial Revolution

• Eighteenth Century.• Opened up trade and made it much easier and

faster.• Half a century altered both life styles and

attitudes.• Alsace-Lorraine – industrialization was

concentrated before 1850

Technology

Technology

• Interchangeable parts – if a part breaks it can be replaced

• Mid 18th century – power loom• Joseph Marie Jacquard• Produced different patterns of cloth

Technology•German industries grew on Ruhr and Saxony •French manufactures could create small amounts of high quality luxury items•By 1847 a telegraph equipment company was established•With production of steel, first skyscraper•With skyscrapers, needs for elevators

Technology

• 1866 linotype machine – More illustrations in newspapers/magazines– Artist could create drawings, etchings and make

multiple copies• 1879- The light bulb

Types of Citizens

• Proletariat – Industrial workers• Capitalists- Wealth in money, not land. Income

comes from capital.• White collar- Employment that does not

involve physical labor

Communication

The Telegraph

• Allowed stories around the world to be reported much faster

• Used cheap paper from wood pulp

• Later produced by the Siemens family Telegraph Construction Company (1847)– Siemens brothers

• News could travel faster

The Morse Code

• Telegrams were sent using Morse code.

• This required skilled operators who could translate Morse code.

• .... . .-.. .-.. ---• .-- . / .-.. --- ...- . /

.--- . ... ..- ...

The Telephone

• Invented in 1879• Invented by Alexander

Graham Bell• Some world leaders refused

to talk on the telephone• In 1912 there were five

telephones in the United States, three in Scandinavia, and two in Germany.

• Théâtrophone

Science

Sociology

• Created in the 19th century• The “science of society”• It claimed that the society of humans could be studied

and understood like any other part of the natural world.

• Auguste Comete• Émile Durkheim– empiricism

• Friedrich Tönnies and Georg Simmel• Max Weber

Max Weber

Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete

Biology

• Charles Darwin• Evolution – theory that diverse animal and plant species

developed over time through a combination of genetic mutation and environmental influence

• Darwin believed in natural selection, the theory that better-adapted species survive (and reproduce) while others are eliminated.

• Gregor Mendel• Darwin’s theories had a HUGE impact on the scientific

community.• Social Darwinists

– Eugenics

Max Weber

Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete Gregor Mednel

Charles Darw

in

Biology

• Anthropology – Olga Semyonova Tian-Shanskaia

Chemistry

• Dmitri Mendeleev– Rearranged the Periodic Table of Elements

Max Weber

Émile DurkheimAuguste Comete Gregor Mednel

Charles Darw

in

Dimitri Mendeleev

Physics

• Newtonian Physics• James Clerk Maxwell• Wilhelm Röntgen• Albert Einstein– Special theory of relativity

• Max Planck

James Clerk Maxwell

Max Planck

Albert Einstein

Wilholm Röntgen