technologies used in pet-constar international
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TECHNOLOGIES USED
IN POLYETHYLENE
TEREPHTHALATE, PET(CONSTAR
INTERNATIONAL)
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WHAT IS PET ?PET is polyester of terephthalic acid and ethylene
glycol that can be obtained by the condensation
of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol andalso terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol or
ethylene oxide.
It has a carboxyl group at one end and a
hydroxyl group at the other and it can condensewith another molecule of alcohol and acid.
This molecule can grow up to a molecular
weight of 20000.
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PROPERTIES OF PET
y Hard, stiff, strong, dimensionally stable material that
absorbs very little water
y Good gas barrier properties and a good chemical
resistance except to alkalis which will hydrolyze it
y Crystallize under certain controlled conditions
y During the glassy state (temperature below Tgwhere side motion is restrained), it can be oriented
by stretching while molding and extrusion in order
to increase its strength and stiffness.
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HOW PET BOTTLES ARE MADE?
y
There are two basic molding methods1. Two-step cold preform method
2. One-step hot preform method
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1. Two1. Two--stepstep
ColdCold PreformPreform Method Methody Two separate machines are used.
y The first machine injection molds thepreform which resembles a test tube with
the bottle-cap threads already molded intoplaces. The body of the tube is madesignificantly thicker as it will be inflated intofinal shape in the second step using stretch
blow molding.y Next, the preforms are heated rapidly and
then inflated against a two-part mold toform into the final shape of the bottle.
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2. One2. One--stepstep
HotHot PreformPreform Method Method
y The entire process from raw material to
finished container is conducted withinone machine, making it suitable for
molding non-standard shapes which
include jars, flat oval, flask shapes and so
on.
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CONSTAR INTERNATIONALCONSTAR INTERNATIONAL
1. Barrier technology (employ oxygen
scavengers blended evenly throughout
the PET)
i. Oxbar
ii. MonOxbar
iii. DiamondClear
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2. Hot fill technology (develop PET
bottles and jars that can withstand hot
fill processes used in packaging shelf
stable food and beverages.)
i. Vertical Compensation TechnologyTM
(VCTTM)
ii. X4TM
iii. Wide Mouth Heat Set (Blowtrim)
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BARRIER TECHNOLOGY
Constar International
OxbarTechnology
MonOxbarTechnology
DiamondClear Technology
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TYPES OF BARRIER
1. Absolute
barrier
Ideal and have non-permeable wall,
blocking the
ingression of the gas
Glass and metal
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TYPES OF BARRIER
2. Passive
barrier
A barrier tooxygen built into
the bottle wall
and slows down
they permeation
across the bottle
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TYPES OF BARRIER
3. Active barrier
A physical barrier which
chemically reacts with
oxygen, slows downtheir permeation and
neutralizes them when
they try to enter the
bottle or those already
exist in the product
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Importance of Oxygen BarrierImportance of Oxygen Barrier
Protect food and beverage products
from excessive exposure to oxygen
To maintain products quality, flavour,
colour, mouth feel, and shelf life
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WHY USING PET?
PET Glass
Extremely light Heavy
Unbreakable Breakable (special care isneeded)
Lower transportation cost High transportation cost
Safe Safe
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1.1. OxbarOxbar TechnologyTechnology
For beer and many flavoured alcoholic beverages
Active barrier technology
Advantage: Oxygen-scavenging material re-
balances its rate of reaction to follow changestemperature - assures consistent, high-level
protection of the product during distribution.
Multi-layer; three layers where active oxygenscavenging materials are incorporated in the
middle layer.
Disadvantage: More susceptible to de-lamination
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2.2. MonOxbarMonOxbarTechnologyTechnology
Targeted for non-
carbonated oxygen
sensitive productsActive barrier technology
Monolayer
no de-lamination
more flexibility to easily
create custom shaped
packages
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High capacity for oxygen scavenging
Gives long-lasting protection even in theface of protracted storage or thermal
abuse during empty- or filled-distribution
Robust, enabling high filling speeds
Great clarity, provides a better
appearance
Recyclable PETE-1 plastic recycling
codes
Deliver freight savings and reduced
greenhouse emissions.
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3.3. DiamondClearDiamondClearTechnologyTechnology
Active barrier technology
Unique and delivers high level of shelf life, up to 2 years
Constar had conducted a shelf life study in a sided-by-side
juice. PET with DiamondClear outperformed thecompetition at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months
At each milestone, products protected by DiamondClear
were fresher, more vibrant in colour and better tasting.
This is because DiamondClears sophisticated oxygen
scavengers are blended evenly throughout the PET and
preventing oxygen from permeating the package and
hence ensuring the product quality.
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Graph above shows the protection strength among
the normal PET, competitive monolayer barrier, and
DiamondClears PET toward oxygen over time.
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High capacity for scavenging oxygen allows the
production of thinner walls PET bottles without
appreciable loss of barrierLess susceptible to oxygen ingress than other
PETs
Offers a glass-like clarity and higher
gloss, gives an unobstructed view of
the product
This helps to create a superior
shelf presentation and making a
compelling visual connection with
consumers who equate vivid
colours with product freshness and
quality.
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Monolayer structure bottles that optimizevisual aesthetics and flavour throughout an
extended shelf life.
Allows for significant design and processingfreedom for both performs and bottles,
without the haze and de-lamination
The monolayer structure retains its goodlooks even through rough handling and allow
faster running speeds on filling lines.
PET bottles with DiamondClear also are asustainable alternative to glass packaging.
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HOT FILLING TECHN0LOGY
y Constar International
Vertical Compensation TechnologyTM (VCTTM)
X4TMTechnology
Wide Mouth Heat Set (Blowtrim)
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IMPORTANCE OF HOT FILLINGIMPORTANCE OF HOT FILLING
TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY
y Allows production of innovative, value addingpackages
y Enables brand owners, private labelmanufacturers, and retailers to deliver value to
customers in the form ofsustainable
light weight
Unbreakable
attractive PET packagingthat withstands the rigors of the hot fill process.
y Allow for creative designs without the limitationsimposed by traditional vacuum compensationfeatures.
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1. Vertical Compensation1. Vertical Compensation
TechnologyTechnologyTMTM
(VCT(VCTTMTM
))
Delivering the clarity and rigidity whichemulates the feel of glass in lightweight
Environmental friendly PETUnique geometry eliminates the need for
vacuum panels and allows for weight reductionin the package.
CONSTruct advanced predictive engineeringemployed to optimize the design of thesecontainers, so that they feel more rigid withoutadded material.
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PET containers with VCT technologyPET containers with VCT technology
y Feature a monolayer structure, whicheliminates the threat of delaminating thatoccurs in multi-layer plastic container
y The panel-less round design also allowsfor more efficient high-speed labelapplication
y
The unique geometry of VCT technologyresults in more strength using lessmaterial
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For Example.For Example.
y Ready-to-drink
flavoured ice teas
and green tea-flavoured waters
in 20-ounce PET
bottles
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2. X42. X4TMTMTechnologyTechnology
y The vacuum is absorbed in the base rather than
in one of the six vacuum panels, with no change
in structural integrity
y
Helps to maintain a stable footprint after filling,when the bottom contracts, and again after
opening, when it returns to its original position.
y Run consistently and efficiently on filling lines.
y The panel-free design also improves labellingefficiencies.
y Lightweight, weighing as little as one-tenth that
of a comparably sized glass container.
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For exampleFor example
y The 20.5-ounce
PET bottles that is
supplied byConstar for
AriZona Beverage
Company for itsnew RESCUE
Water.
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3.3. Wide Mouth Heat SetWide Mouth Heat Set
((BlowtrimBlowtrim))
Lighter in weight than traditional glass-
based packagingUnbreakable during manufacturing,
distribution, stores and homes.
Have a robust structure which feelssturdy in-hand and is closer in feel to
glass than traditional vacuum panels.
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For exampleFor example....
A 24-ounce wide-mouth hot-fillPET jar, FrancescoRinaldi pastasauce