i

TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING WRITING USED BY THE

TEACHER AT SMAN 4 MALANG

THESIS

by:

HJ. HASANAH

201410100311062

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY LANGUAGE TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2019

i

TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING WRITING USED BY THE

TEACHER AT SMAN 4 MALANG

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Language Education Department

by:

Hj. Hasanah

201410100311062

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY LANGUAGE TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2019

ii

iii

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Like I said when I was in Elementary School, all happen to me I CAN pass it 😊

I dedicated this thesis to my beloved parents H. Rusdi and Rabiatul Adawiyah,

and my sisters Lasmini, Mustika and Jamilah, and every person which have

become my motivation in achieving my bachelor degree with their love and effort

who always pray and supporting me. Last, my lovely Jabbaril Kharis Nasution

thanks for the love and everything.

v

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, on this moment, the researcher would to say Alhamdulillah to

all gratefulness and praise to Allah S.W.T because of His bless and grace, the

researcher can finish it very well. The researcher realized without his intervention

the researcher could not complete this far and progress to another stage.

Second, the researcher would special gratitude and big thanks to my

advisors Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si and Triastama Wiraatmaja, S.S., M.Si who are

sincere, patient and cooperative for guiding me to finish my thesis. They have

contributed a lot to the development of my thesis. This thesis will not be possible

without their help too. They gave suggestion, their time to guide me, and shown

me how to do a good research properly.

Moreover, the researcher delivers my gratitude to all lecturers in English

Language Education Department in University of Muhammadiyah Malang who

had taught, motivated and inspired me become a great person with knowledge and

guide me better in academics.

Also, no one has been important to me in the accomplish of this thesis than

my parents and sisters. They support me until now, financially giving me the best

to support my academic life. They give me all strengthen that they have. They

never made me feel down because the researcher late to graduate, and always said

never give up on hard situation. Without them the researcher no one, Thank mama

and abah. The researcher still owes them a lot. Thank my old sister and younger

sister for all the laugh and smile who is always present from the past until now.

In addition, the researcher wants to thanks to all of my colleague in

University, thank you for being a accompany during my academic year.

Especially C small class, you all are amazing. The researcher very happy to meet

you all during 4 years. The researcher most grateful to M. Nurul M who always

giving advice for my writing’s idea. Also, the researcher wants to thank for

Himpunan Mahasiswa Tanah Bumbu (HIMATANBU MALANG), to all the

experience that you give to me. Then, the researcher wants to thanks my best

friend Elvera Rosa Oktaviani, Yuliana, Susi Susanti, and my Lambe Lamis (Shinti

viii

Deta Kurnia, S.Pd and Zamara Muslim D), my JomJom Manjalita group (Zizhi

Meyrteha P, S.Pd., Halidah Dio Della D, S.Pd., Nimas Ayu R, S.Pd., M. Sha’roni,

S.Pd., dan Dimas M. Ikhsan, S.Pd), also Dewi KK, Tyas Nirmala D, S.Pd., Sufi

Haryati, S.Pd., Auliarinda N, S.TP., Noer Putri W, S.E, Rina Apria, S.Pd, Erika

Wahyu N, Riska Lolitha for their support in time of frustration during the

researcher facing the revision. The researcher also would like to thank the UMM

central library which the researcher worked there for a while as a part-time,

although it was not long, the researcher learnt to create a discipline on myself and

generate work ethic in a brief.

Last but not least, the greater appreciation delivered to SMAN 4 Malang

and bu Riska for allowing the researcher to conduct the research in that school.

And the last, Jabbaril Kharis Nasution, the researcher want to say thanks to person

since I was freshman until now always support me and everything.

Malang, January 16th

, 2019

HJ. Hasanah

ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Approval ........................................................................................................... iii

Motto and Dedication ....................................................................................... iv

Author’s Declaration Originality………..........................……………………v

Abstract… ........................................................................................................ vi

Acknowledgements .......................................................................................... vii

Table of Contents ............................................................................................. ix

List of Appendices ........................................................................................... xi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1

1.1 Research Background ..................................................................... 1

1.2 Research Problems ......................................................................... 4

1.3 Research Objectives ....................................................................... 5

1.4 Research Significances ................................................................... 5

1.5 Scope of Limitation ........................................................................ 6

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ................................................................. 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE ..................................... 8

2.1 Teaching Techniques ....................................................................... 8

2.2 Nature of Writing ............................................................................. 9

2.3 Teaching Writing ............................................................................. 10

2.4 Techniques in Teaching Writing ..................................................... 12

2.4.1 Using Pictures ........................................................................ 14

2.4.2 Using Reading ....................................................................... 14

2.4.3 Using Controlled Writing ...................................................... 15

2.4.4 Teaching Organization ........................................................... 16

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................... 19

3.1 Research Design .............................................................................. 19

3.2 Research Subject ............................................................................. 20

3.3 Data Collection ............................................................................... 20

3.3.1 Research Instrument .............................................................. 20

3.3.2 Procedure ............................................................................... 24

3.4 Data Analysis ................................................................................... 24

x

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSING ..................... 26

4.1 Research Findings ............................................................................. 26

4.1.1 The Techniques Used by the Teacher in Teaching Writing .................. 26

4.1.2 The Implementation of Techniques in Teaching Writing ..................... 26

4.1.3 The Reason the Teacher used the Technique in Teaching

Writing .................................................................................. 28

4.1.3.1 Technique in Using Reading .............................................. 28

4.1.3.2 Technique in Using Pictures .............................................. 29

4.2 Discussion ........................................................................................ 29

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS .................................. 32

5.1 Conclusion ....................................................................................... 32

5.2 Suggestions ...................................................................................... 33

5.2.1 Suggestion for the English Teacher .............................................. 33

5.2.2 Suggestion for the Further Researcher ......................................... 33

REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 34

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 36

xi

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX I Document Analysis (Lesson Plan) ........................................... 37

APPENDIX II Observation ............................................................................. 55

APPENDIX III Interview Question ................................................................. 59

APPENDIX IV Transcript of Interview .......................................................... 60

APPENDIX V Letter ....................................................................................... 62

xii

REFERENCES

Amin, J. (2016). Redefining the role of teachers in digital era. International

Journal of Indian Psychology. Volume 3, No. 6.

Anastasio, C. (2016). Writing through reading. http://yale.edu

Arikunto, S. (2006). Prosedur penelitian suatu pendekatan praktik. Jakarta:

Rineka Cipta.

Arumi, S. (2015). Alternative techniques for teaching writing. Journal of register

language Teaching IAIN Salatiga

Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorencen, C., Razavieh, A (2010). Introduction to research

in education (8th

ed.). Belmont: Wadworth, Cengage Learning, Ltd.

Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by princple an interactive approach to language

pedagogy. San Francisco:Longman

Brown, H. D. (2008). Prinsip pembelajaran dan pengajaran bahasa.

Jakarta:Person Education

Cali, K. (2003). Organization. http://www.laernnc.org

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and

qualitative research. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.

Defazio, J., Josette, J., Felisa, T., Sara, A K., (2010). “Academic literacy. The

importance and impact of writing across the curriculum – A case study”.

Journal of Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.

Elturki, E. (2013). Controlled writing: An effective traditional practice for

developing ell’s composition. Journal of the Humanizing Language

Teaching. Year15; Issues 2; April 2013, ISSN 1755-9715.

Friedland, S. (2008). Pair participation in large classes, in techniques for

teaching Law. 2-9-2018. http://scholarlycomman.law.cwsl.edu/

Hamid, R. K. Yusof, M. Osman, S.A., Rahmat, O.K., (2009). Improvement of

delivery methods in teaching materials technology. WSEAS Transactions

on advantage in Engineering Education. Volume 6(3) 77-86.

Harmer, J. (2007). How to teach writing English. UK: Pearson Education.

Hermilah, A. (2016). An analysis on teaching techniques used by the teacher in

teaching writing at the 1st year of SMP 8 Muhammadiyah Batu.

34

xiii

Knapp, P and Watkins, M. (2013). Genre, text, grammar: Technologies for

teaching and assessing writing. Volume 17, No. 2. Publisher: University

of New South Wales Press Ltd.

Lingenfelter, M. (2013). Using picture books to elicit creative writing. 26-11-

2018. http://www.cpalms.org.

Maxwell, J A. (2012). A realist approach for qualitative research. London: SAGE

Publication.

Megawati, A. (2014). Student’s response toward teaching technique used by

teacher in teaching writing to the 8th

grade class of SMPN 01 Kepanjen.

Patel, Dr. M. F and Jain, P M. (2008). English language teaching: Method, tools

and technique. Jaipur: Sunrise Publishers and Distributors.

Powell, A R., P Lynee, H., & Symbaluk., G D., (2013). Introduction to learning

and behavior 4th

edition. Belmont:Wadworth Cengage Learning.

Rahman, A. (2012). A study on techniques in teaching writing at SMA

Kertanegara Malang.

Raimes. (1983). A technique in teaching writing. New York: Oxford University

Siahaan, J. (2013). An analysis of student’s ability and difficulties in writing

Descriptive Texts.

Silberman, M. (2006). 101 ways to make training active 2nd

edition. United

Stated of America: Pfeiffer.

Supiani (2017). Teaching writing skill through collaborative writing technique:

From theory to practice. Journal of English Education and Linguistics

Studies.

Ulfatin, N. (2013). Metode penelitian kualitatif di bidang pendidikan: Teori dan

aplikasinya. Malang: Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri

Malang.

Vlack, Van S. (2007). Techniques in using all language skills. 10-02-2018.

http://www.books.google.co.id

Weinberger, A., Fischer, F., & Mandl, H. (2002). Fostering individual transfer

and knowledge converge in text-based computer-mediated communication.

In G. Stahl (Ed.), computer support for collaborative learning: Foundations

for CSCL community. Proceedings of CSCL 2002. Mahwah, NJ:

Lawrence Erlbaum

35