Technical Perspective

Scott SchnollMCT • MCSE • MCSA • MCP • Microsoft MVP

Product Support Manager • TNT Software (http://www.tntsoftware.com)President – NOBUG (http://www.nobug.org)

Technical Perspective

Windows Server 2003 Family OOBE IIS 6.0 Feature Highlights Upgrading .NET Framework XML Web Services Q & A

DISCLAIMER:

INFORMATION CURRENT AS OF JAN 2003

BUT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE

Windows Server 2003

Upcoming Windows Server Family Products Windows Server 2003 Web Edition Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition

Compare Editions at:http://www.microsoft.com/windows.netserver/evaluation/features/compareeditions.mspx

Anticipated Release: April 24, 2003 (S.F., CA)

System Requirements

Minimum CPU: Pentium 133* RAM: 128MB** Disk: 1.5GB (x86), 2.0GB (Itanium)

Recommended CPU: 550MHz or greater RAM: 256MB or more Disk: 2.5GB or more

*Datacenter requires minimum of 400Mhz for x86 systems. Datacenter and Enterprise require minimum of 733MHz for Itanium systems.

**Datacenter requires 512MB RAM minimum.

Web Edition

New SKU targeted at ISPs/ASPs/Web Farms Only available via selected Partner channels;

Not available via Retail channel Native ASP.NET & .NET Framework 2-way SMP 2GB Memory Network Load Balancing Single VPN connection SMB Connection Limit – 10 concurrent

Per seat No CALs required

Blocks mainstream messaging, database apps

Disabled/Unavailable Services and Features Enterprise UDDI Services Removable and Remote Storage FAX Service Services for Macintosh (File/Print) DCPromo Certificate Services Terminal Services – Application Mode Windows Media Service Itanium/64-bit support Cluster Service MMS RIS Internet Connection Sharing/Internet Connection Firewall PKI/Smart Cards (client-side only)

Web Edition

Standard Edition

Includes features in Web Edition, plus Enterprise UDDI Services

Requires MSDE or SQL Server 2000 w/SP3 or later Directory used by applications to locate web services

Internet Authentication Service (50 RADIUS servers max; unlimited users)

Internet Connection Firewall (LAN, VPN & PPPoE)

Internet Connection Sharing Network Bridge 4-way SMP 4GB memory Can be DC/GC

Disabled/Unavailable Services & Features Itanium/64-bit support Cluster Service Terminal Server Session Directory MMS

Standard Edition

Enterprise Edition

Moving from ‘Advanced’ back to ‘Enterprise’ Includes features in Standard Edition, plus

Server Clusters (8 nodes!) Supports Itanium Processors 8-way SMP 32GB memory (x86); 64GB memory (Itanium) Integration with Microsoft Metadirectory Services Hot-Add Memory* Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA)* Terminal Services Session Directory (NLB, F5, Radware) Windows System Resource Manager

*Requires OEM hardware support

Datacenter Edition

Only available from Datacenter OEMs Includes features in Enterprise Edition, plus

64-way SMP 64GB memory (x86); 512GB memory

(Itanium) Windows Sockets: Direct access for SANs

(Winsock Direct)

OOBE

Windows XP-style Setup Wizard Compatibility checks Dynamic Update

Some familiar Windows 2000 dialogs DCPromo after setup

Need to run ADPrep tool (/forestprep and /domainprep) to prepare Windows 2000 AD

IIS NOT installed by default GetVersionEX() API identifies as NT 5.2

OOBE

OOBE

Additional Configuration Elements Remote Assistance/Remote Desktop Automatic Updates Themes/Appearance Windows Update .NET Framework Configuration FPSE 2002/SharePoint Administration

Product Activation Volume license customers do not activate Non-volume license customers have 30

days

OOBE

More secure out of box Services run with Limited User Access

(instead of admin) Significantly Reduced Attack Surface

Many things turned off by default More conservative default settings

Reliability improved across the board Every single line of code reviewed

IIS 6.0

Nearly 100% completely re-written Stack Overrun detection Components added/removed via Add or

Remove Programs in Control Panel IIS Lockdown Tool built-in and called

‘Web Service Extensions’ .NET Passport Integration

IIS 6.0 – WWW Service

Includes health monitoring, fault-tolerance and error detection

Request Processing IIS 5.0 has a single process (inetinfo) that farms

out requests to out-of-process applications (dllhost’s)

IIS 6.0 splits this functionality across two new components: HTTP.SYS (kernel-mode listener) WWW Service Administration and Monitoring (user-

mode admin tool) On a test server w/8CPUs, IIS 6.0 showed a 100%

performance gain over IIS 5.0 on the same hardware

IIS 6.0 – WWW Service

Web Administration Service (WAS) Part of core WWW Service Handles configuration changes and process

management Loads configuration from IIS metabase on startup

Responsible for life cycle of worker processes When to start When to recycle When to restart

IIS 6.0 – HTTP.SYS/KM Queuing

Uses Worker Processes and Application Pools Worker process executable (w3wp.exe) loads

WWW service DLL into its working set to perform loading/unloading of ISAPI modules and for authorization and authentication

HTTP.sys listens for requests and routes them to the appropriate application pool queue

Application Pool is nothing more than an HTTP.sys queue and at least one worker process. Application pools serve requests for a unique Web application

IIS 6.0 – HTTP.SYS/KM Queuing

Prevents third-party code from crashing IIS

Failed worker processes automatically restarted

There may be a temporary disruption in the processing of a request, but the request will be processed, and end-user experience is preserved

IIS 6.0 – Worker Process Isolation

Isolation mode introduced in IIS 4.0 No more in-process applications Admins create Application Pools

Set of web applications that share one or more worker processes

Application pools separated by process boundaries

Can move running applications between application pools

Application Pool ≈ Namespace Group

IIS 6.0 – Worker Process Isolation

Prevents worker process from harming IIS Eliminates lots of reboots Enables live debugging/development Self-healing (checks for faults, leaks, hangs,

etc.) Treats ‘applications’ as unit of administration Patches can be applied without interruption in

service IIS 5.0 Isolation Mode

Backward compatibility Same as IIS 5.0, but shoehorns into IIS 6.0

HTTP.SYS model

IIS 6.0 – Worker Process Isolation

HTTP.sysHTTP.sys

WWWService

Administrationand

Monitoring

Worker Worker ProcessProcess

ISAPI FiltersISAPI Filters

ISAPIISAPIExtensionsExtensions

Worker Worker ProcessProcess

ISAPI FiltersISAPI Filters

ISAPIISAPIExtensionsExtensions

Application PoolApplication Pool Application PoolApplication Pool

IIS 6.0 – FTP Service

FTP User Isolation Like a ‘home directory’ for FTP users Isolates their folder from other users’

folders User’s top-level folder appears as root of

FTP Configurable PASV Port Range

PASV requires add’l connection (formerly ephemeral port but now configurable)

IIS 6.0 – Security

Ships in locked down state – only static content can be served

New lower privilege service account (low privilege user context)

ASP more secure (always run as a low-privileged account – anonymous user)

Auto-rejects requests for unknown file extensions

More aggressive timeouts, limits on uploads, etc. to further harden against attacks

Buffer overflow protection File verification before passing file requests to

request handler (e.g., ISAPI extension)

IIS 6.0 – Metabase

XML format Can be edited while IIS is running Improved backup/restore Extensible schema Backward compatible with metabase APIs

and ADSI Smaller footprint, faster reading Configuration rollback

IIS 6.0 – Command Line Tools

iisweb.vbs: Create, delete, start, stop, and list Web sites iisftp.vbs: Create, delete, start, stop, and list FTP sites iisvdir.vbs: Create and delete virtual directories, or display

the virtual directories of a given root iisftpdr.vbs: Create, delete, or display virtual directories

under a given root iisconfg.vbs: Export/import IIS configuration to XML file iisback.vbs: Backup and restore IIS configuration iisapp.vbs: List process IDs and application pool IDs for

currently running worker processes (W3WP.EXE) iisext.vbs: Configure Web service extensions

IIS 6.0 – Developer Enhancements

ASP.NET and Passport integration Specify an arbitrary set of buffers/file handles in

one client send call: HSE_REQ_VECTOR_SEND (call ServerSupportFunction() )

Worker process recycling (tell IIS to recycle process): HSE_REQ_REPORT_UNHEALTHY

Create dynamic request response and serve from kernel: DYNAMIC CACHING (FLAG)

Identify final send in response to reduce kernel/user transitions: FINAL SEND (FLAG)

ISAPI support for custom errors Improved ISAPI Unicode support COM+ services in ASP

IIS 6.0 - Performance

20,000 pooled applications in IIS6 vs < 3,000 in IIS5

1,000 isolated apps on a single machine, each with its own security identity on IIS6 vs maximum of 100 on IIS5

Support for Web Gardens Where a set of equivalent processes on a

computer each receive a share of the requests that are normally served by a single process

IIS 6.0 – Other

Other services mostly same as IIS 5.0 FTP, SMTP, NNTP still contained within

Inetinfo.exe Disabled after upgrading from NT4 or

Windows 2000 Group Policy can be used to prevent

rogue IIS installations Includes MSDE

Feature Highlights

Installation Can be deployed via Remote Installation

Services Setup Manager Wizard – Create Answer Files Recovery Console can be delivered from RIS Greater flexibility for answer files (image install

can have multiple answer files) Disk Duplication Improved SysPrep Tool Create DCs from replicas (e.g., backup

tape) – dcpromo /adv

Feature Highlights

POP3 Service RPC over HTTP Web-based Server Administration OOB 10-20% faster than Windows 2000 Core Improvements

Better scaling for 16 & 32 CPUs Fewer & shorter locks Better process cache alignment

Improved memory allocator (needs to be turned on by app in code)

True 64-bit Address space increased from 4GB to 16TB

Feature Highlights

Active Directory Functional Levels Determines what OS DCs can run

Forest Windows 2000 (NT/2000/2003) – Default Windows Server 2003 interim (NT/2003) Windows Server 2003 (2003)

Domain Windows 2000 mixed (NT/2000/2003) – Default Windows 2000 native (2000/2003) Windows Server 2003 interim (NT/2003) Windows Server 2003 (2003)

To raise forest functionality, you must be a member of Enterprise Admins

To raise domain functionality, you must be a member of Domain Admins or Enterprise Admins

Feature Highlights

Active Directory Forest-to-Forest Kerberos transitive trusts Groups

5000 member limit gone Group membership replication improved to per-change level

Attribute added to GC does not trigger full GC replication (Windows Server 2003 forest mode)

DC’s can cache Universal Group membership (Site level option – only in Sites without GC)

Quotas on number of objects that can be owned (Domain Admins & Enterprise Admins exempt)

DNS configuration for DCPromo improved (error-checking, error messages, self-healing)

Feature Highlights

Feature Highlights

Active Directory Schema Version 30 (RC2) Domain rename (including forest root) DC rename Bulk load via multi-threaded utility Reset DS Restore password while DC online ADUC Improvements

Object-oriented searches Saved Queries support in ADU&C Multi-select and edit in ADU&C Drag and Drop in ADU&C

Feature Highlights

Active Directory Support for inetOrgPerson class (RFC 2798) as a security

principal with UI support Application Partitions provide administrator defined

contexts for replication of data used by applications, on targeted DC’s (e.g., DNS, DHCP, RAS, RADIUS, etc.)

ADMT v2 in the box: provides user, group, computer migrations to Windows 2003 AD from NT 4, Win2k AD, or Windows 2003 AD. Includes passwords, scriptable, great cookbook and training docs.

Lingering Objects Removal – scavenger for garbage AD entries

Option to disable site-site replication compression (reduces CPU usage on DCs)

Major KCC-ISTG performance improvements (Windows Server 2003 forest level)

Feature Highlights

Active Directory Dynamic Entries w/TTL values (RFC 2589) LDAP connections over TLS (RFC 2830) Digest authentication for LDAP connections

using DIGEST-MD5 SASL (RFC 2829) Virtual List Views (as defined by IETF LDAP

extensions working group) Schema Objects can be deactivated

Feature Highlights

Active Directory in Application Mode (AD/AM) AD outside of LSASS process (e.g., not an OS service)

Is not deployed on DC Supports multiple instances on single box Still uses Windows security (NT/NOS AD domain)

Targeted at specific deployment scenarios Applications that need simple app directory For directory developers, quick build/destroy Extranets Migrations

Enables apps to store private directory data relevant only to that app without configuration in a NOS directory

Runs on Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter

Feature Highlights

High-Availability Automated System Recovery (w/cluster support) –

F2 Last resort, but could save your system (not your data) Creates backup + ASR floppy for recovery

Hot-plug PCI (limited) Memory mirroring (Datacenter) Reboot Reason Collector (Shutdown Event

Tracker) Emergency Management Services

Out-of-band, headless management

Feature Highlights

Clustering 8 nodes in Enterprise/Datacenter Models

Single Node (Local Quorum) Single Quorum Device (Traditional Server Clusters) Majority Node Set

Print Drivers install for all nodes Kerberos support for Virtual Servers Multicast heartbeat WMI support for management and events NLB

Per virtual server/ip port rules (affinity, etc.) NLB manager allows central config of NLB settings across a cluster

Feature Highlights

File System / Storage Performance Improvements

Chkdsk 2x faster than Win2K File system I/O 100% - 139% faster than Windows

2000 Diskpart (command line disk management) Simple web-UI management NTFS read-only volumes WebDAV Redirector Improved SAN Support

SAN support (iSCSI) Boot, pagefile, system disks on single HBA

Feature Highlights

Volume Shadow Copy Snapshot Technology

Shadow Copy Service Shadow Copy Restore Hardware (Transportable) Shadow Copies Virtual Disk Service Open File Backups

Data Freighting Clone volumes and move to another host on a SAN

Application Recovery Manifest Apps register info on how to backup and restore

Feature Highlights – VSS

Feature Highlights

Group Policy Many new settings (as in Windows XP Pro) RSOP – Resultant Set of Policy Cross-Forest Support Modeling (calculate net effect of multiple GPOs) WMI Filters GPMC Coming Soon – Enables

Backup and restore of Group Policy objects (GPOs) Import/export and copy/paste of GPOs Reporting of GPO settings and Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) data Use of templates for managed configurations All GPMC operations to be scripted Management of all sites and domains and multiple forests Drag-and-Drop support

MSI, MMC and Web (ActiveX) Full client included with Windows XP

Improved usability Full screen connection bar Save connection settings from same UI Enhanced client error messages (40+ new

messages) High color (up to 24-bit), 1600x1200 Resource redirection

Audio output, Windows key combos, Disk drives and printers (local and network), Serial devices, Smart card, Clipboard (+files)

Full desktop or specific application Network and Performance Improvements

Increased network bandwidth savings over RDP 5.0 Remote ‘experience’ turns off wallpaper, visual

styles etc depending on network connection Auto-reconnect

Enhanced security 128-bit bi-directional RC4 User prompted if redirections enabled

Feature Highlights – Terminal Services

Feature Highlights

Networking IPv6 (requires reboot after installing; command line only

configuration – no UI yet) DNS

Stub zones (contains only enough resource records to identify authoritative name server)

Conditional forwarding (forwards queries based on domain name) Auto-configuration of forest root _msdcs domain as a forest wide

DNS partition for all DNS servers DHCP

Client Alternate Configuration Improved backup and restore

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE – RFC 2516) routing and outbound only; cannot accept inbound PPPoE

IPSec over NAT (IKE protocol auto-detects NAT and switches to UDP-ESP encapsulation per IETF’s IP Security Working Group)

Feature Highlights

Networking RADIUS failover, proxy load balancing Wireless passwords sent over 802.1x VPN

VPN Quarantine Works over NAT

Feature Highlights

Message Queuing MSMQ 3 clients use LDAP to talk to AD – MSMQ can

be installed on NON-DC’s. Queue aliases and distribution lists allow mail

subscriptions to include queues, including private ones through the use of an alias.

Triggers are built-in – no longer an SDK add-on Internet messaging – URL access to submit to

queues using HTTP Messaging over SOAP/HTTP in XML Load balancing Firewall friendly

Feature Highlights

Manageability Improved ACL Editor Software Update Services Enhanced WMI

Event Correlation Components Event Forwarding Components WMIC (WMI Command Line) Added namespace providers Improved WMI Security

Improved Help & Support ntcMds.chm – Command line utilities

documentation All tools fully remotable: /S ServerName

Feature Highlights

Distributed File System Multiple roots on a single server Ability to control FRS staging location on

non-DC’s Ability to filter links for large DFS roots Ability to define scheduling per-link for

replication Ability to define replication topologies Uses AD site metrics to locate closest DFS

share

Feature Highlights

Windows Media Services 9 Series Fast

Fast Stream – Stream data to WMP9 faster Fast Cache – Stream data ahead to counter drops in network Fast Recovery – Uses Forward Error Correction to provide

redundant packets to wireless clients Fast Reconnect – Auto reconnects broken connections

New Plug-In Architecture > 1,000 interfaces

Usage Scenarios 7x24 Internet radio Terrestrial radio with AFTRA support (ad replacement) Corporate TV

Feature Highlights

Windows Media Services 9 Series Other

Server-side playlistsOn-demand streaming to PCs and devicesAd loggingContent in playlists adjustable on the fly

Performance Enhancements2x faster than Windows 20004x faster than Real Server2x faster than Apple

Feature Highlights

For Developers Fusion – Side-by-Side DLL support

Applications use manifest which detail which DLL versions they need

DLL Loader uses SxS Manager to load proper version Comctrl32.dll v5 versus Comctrl32.dll v6 (XP)

Component Services (COM+ 1.5) Enhanced Isolation levels Application pooling (like IIS 6 web gardens) Pause/Disable/Dump applications

Features Missing – 32-bit

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) NetBEUI Network Interface Cards – MSKB 317594 Modems – MSKB 320892 Visual Basic 5.0 Runtime – MSKB 327063

Features Missing – 64-bit 16-bit Support ACPI (except for 64-bit fixed tables) ASP.NET State Service Compressed (zipped) Folders DirectMusic DVD video playback support Enterprise Memory Architecture Fast User Switching Fax support Hot Add Memory IEEE 1394 audio support Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) Internet Locator Service (ILS)

IPX (incl. SNMP over IPX) Client for NetWare Services for Macintosh NetBIOS OSPF .NET Framework NetMeeting Network Bridge Network Setup Wizard Recovery Console (as startup option;

can still be used from CD) Remote Assistance Server Appliance Kit (SAK) Speech recognition Themes Windows Media Player Windows Media Services Windows Product Activation

Upgrading from NT 4.0

In-Place Upgrade Configure DNS on PDC Upgrade PDC to Windows Server 2003 Prevent PDC Locator Overload Synchronize FRS with directory replication master Verify AD configuration and functionality Add additional DCs to Windows 2003 Domain

Domain at Windows 2003 Functional Level

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Configure DNS on PDC Two methods:

Install and configure DNS on PDC. Do this if: The domain that you are upgrading is the root domain

of the Windows 2003 forest. The domain is going to exist in your system for a long

period of time. The domain must maintain its own DNS operations.

Reference a DNS server in the parent domain. Do this if you have already configured DNS for Active Directory in your environment, and the domain that you are upgrading is a temporary domain.

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Upgrade PDC to Windows 2003 Use winnt32.exe NT4 SAM copied into AD

After AD overhead is added, this could result in too much data being replicated to NT4 BDCs in the domain.

As long as you have NT4 BDCs, limit AD to fewer than 40,000 objects

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Prevent PDC Locator Overload Feature for NT domains with a lot of Windows 2000 and

Windows 2003 servers and XP Pro clients Windows 2003 DCs may not be able to authenticate all

clients initially If your domain has Win2000/XP clients, configure

Windows 2003 DC to emulate Windows NT to enable these clients to authenticate.

Upgrading clients in the domain without upgrading more than one DC eliminates load balancing and fault tolerance on the DC.

Even if your domain includes only a few Windows 2000 or Windows 2003 clients, it is best to configure the Windows 2003 domain controller to emulate NT4.

Configure DC to emulate NT4 DC after installing Windows 2003 but before running DCPromo.

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Synchronize FRS with directory replication master After upgrading the NT4 PDC to Windows

2003, configure a script file to copy the files in the Sysvol folder to the BDC that provides export services to other NT4 BDCs in your domain.

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Verify AD configuration & functionality Examine the event log on the BDCs for events that

confirm that objects that were created after you completed the upgrade process replicated to the BDCs.

Event ID 5715 in the System event log indicates that the BDCs synchronized with the Windows 2003 DC.

Make sure you can: Add users to the domain Log on to the domain from a client workstation Replicate changes throughout the environment Run services in the domain

Upgrading from NT 4.0

Add additional DCs to Windows 2003 Domain Do this for redundancy:

Install Active Directory on a Windows 2003 member server

Upgrade Windows NT 4.0 BDCs

Upgrading from Windows 2000

In-Place Upgrade or DCPromo (promote) Windows 2003 member server

ADPrep (copies the files 409.csv and dcpromo.csv from the i386 directory to the local computer to prepare the AD forest and domain) /Forestprep /Domainprep Logs to \system32\debug\adprep

Upgrading from Windows 2000

Install AD on a Windows 2003 member server Wait for replication to complete

Complete upgrade of first domain Upgrade remaining domains

Run ADPrep /domainprep in other domains first Raise forest and domain functional levels

After upgrade, forest is at Windows 2000 functional level

If all Windows 2000 domains are in native mode, domain functional level is automatically raised to Windows 2000 native after you upgrade the first DC to Windows 2003.

.NET Framework

What’s the relationship between Windows Server 2003 and the .NET Framework? Hidden components that cannot be removed! RC2 ships with .NET Framework 1.1

Platform within a Platform Object-oriented programming environment Code execution environment

.NET Framework includes four components: Smart Clients XML Web Services Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers Developer Tools & Environments

.NET Framework

Smart Clients Windows XP Professional Windows XP Embedded Microsoft CE.NET Smart Devices: Tablet PCs, PocketPCs,

PocketPC Phone Edition, Windows Powered Smartphone

XBox

.NET Framework

XML Web Services Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) used to expose

useful web services to users Web Services Description Language (WSDL) provides

web services with a way to describe themselves Universal Discovery Description & Integration (UDDI)

used to register web services so users can find them You create web-based applications where you define an

XML Web service as a software service exposed on the Web through SOAP, describe it with a WSDL file, and register it in UDDI.

XML/SOAP/WSDL/UDDI all Industry Standards, defined by W3C

.NET Framework

Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers Application Center 2000 BizTalk Server 2000 Commerce Server 2000 Content Management Server 2001 Exchange 2000 Host Integration Server 2000 ISA Server 2000 Mobile Information Server 2001 SharePoint Portal Server 2001 SQL Server 2000 Windows Server 2003

.NET Framework

Developer Tools & Environments Microsoft Visual Studio .NET

Visual Basic Visual C++ C#

Versions RC1 = v1.0 RC2 & RTM = v1.1 Upgrading from RC1 to RC2 discussed in

MSKB 330046

XML Web Services

Image courtesy Microsoft Corp.

XML Web Services

Image courtesy Microsoft Corp.

XML Web Services

Image courtesy Microsoft Corp.

XML Web Services

Image courtesy Microsoft Corp.

Links

Windows Server Historyhttp://www.microsoft.com/windows/WinHistoryServer.mspx

Windows Server 2003 Product Homehttp://www.microsoft.com/windows2003

Windows Server 2003 Developershttp://msdn.microsoft.com/nhp/default.asp?contentid=28001691

IIS 6.0 Technical Overviewhttp://www.microsoft.com/windows.netserver/docs/IISOverview.doc

Downloads

IIS 6.0 Monitorhttp://www.microsoft.com/windows.netserver/downloads/iismon.mspx

Windows System Resource Managerhttp://www.microsoft.com/windows.netserver/downloads/wsrm.mspx

Group Policy Management Console Beta 2http://www.microsoft.com/windows.netserver/gpmc/gpmcdownload.mspx

Exchange 2003 Beta 2 (plus Outlook 11)http://www.microsoft.com/exchange/evaluation/ti/beta.asp

Windows Application Toolkit 2.6http://download.microsoft.com/download/.NetStandardServer/Install/2.6/NT5XP/EN-US/act26.exe

Questions?

Technical Perspective

Scott SchnollMCT, MCSE, MCSA, Microsoft MVP

Product Support Manager - TNT SoftwarePresident – NOBUG

© Copyright 2002-2003 Scott Schnoll – All Rights ReservedMicrosoft, Windows, and other referenced marks are property of Microsoft

Corporation and used herein with permission