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NanosilverSilver Bullet to Cure HIV

NanosilverSilver Bullet to Cure HIV

The DragoonsEaton FongKushal AgarwalMahon

KhoshzabanPrachet BhattPreksha Naik

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HIVHIVo Virus identified about 25 years agoo Originated from infected chimpanzeeso HIV causes AIDS

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeHIV destroys healthy T-cellsHigh genetic variability causes fast replication cyclesImmune system fails, leads to life-threatening

infections

o ~25 million people have died of HIV/AIDSo ~40 million people are living with HIV

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV#Origin_and_discovery

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www.sfaf.org/aids101/virolo5fin.gif

HIV and its Attack on T-Cells

HIV and its Attack on T-Cells

Structure of HIV Virus attaches to healthy T-cell

Virus injects its core

gp120 tentacles attach to T-cells and destroy it

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www.sfaf.org/aids101/virolo5fin.gif

Structure of HIVStructure of HIV

gp120 tentacles attach to T-cells and destroy it

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HIV’s Attack on T-CellsHIV’s Attack on T-Cells

Virus uses T-cell for replication

Nanosilver attaches to gp120 and blocks virus from attacking T-cell

Virus attaches to healthy T-cell Virus injects its core(RNA and reverse transcriptase)

With Nanosilver

With Nanosilver

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HIV’s Attack on T-CellsHIV’s Attack on T-Cells

Virus uses T-cell for replication

Virus injects its core (RNA and reverse transcriptase)

Virus attaches to healthy T-cell

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Silver Nano-particle Blocks the HIV Attack on T-Cell

Silver Nano-particle Blocks the HIV Attack on T-Cell

Nanosilver attaches to the gp120 and blocks virus from attacking the T-cell

gp120

gp1

20

Ag

Ag

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Properties of NanosilverProperties of Nanosilver

oAntibiotic and antibacterial propertiesDestroys the enzyme needed for

metabolism

oEffective against virus, bacteria and fungi

oBetter than other antibiotics since the microbes do not develop resistance

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Nanosilver and HIV Nanosilver and HIV

o Nanosilver can kill the HIVShown by Prof. Yacaman of the University of

Texas They incubated HIV-1 virus with nanosilver at

37oC and after 3 hours, all the HIV cells died

o How does the nanosilver kill the HIVThe nano silver particles bond through the

gp120 glycoprotein knobs on HIV-1 by reacting with the sulfur residues on the walls

The particle size of the nanosilver has to match the ~10 nm size of the gp120 glyco-protein knobs of HIV

http://www.futurehi.net/archives/000751.html

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Nanosilver ManufacturingCurrent Methods & Limitations

Nanosilver ManufacturingCurrent Methods & Limitations

o Several methods described in scientific literatureLocally heating dilute silver nitrate using laser to

create a localized reactionHeating a dilute solution of silver chloride with

glucose as the reducing agentMixing silver nanoparticles with capping agents like

foamy carbon

o Limitations of current methods to manufactureHigh costLab-scale only, not large scale manufacturingUse of toxic or poisonous chemistryUncontrolled or large particle sizehttp://www.jnanobiotechnology.com/content/3/1/8

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The ProblemThe ProblemoWhat

Create uniform ~10 nm sized silver nano-particles using a controlled, low-cost and scalable method

oWhy~10 nm silver particles have been

proven to destroy the HIV-1 by binding to the sulfur residues on the gp120 glyco-protein knobs on the HIV

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The SolutionThe SolutionoA novel solution

Utilizes well known science and existing technologies

o Inkjet technology to generate liquid droplets of dilute silver chlorideLow-cost, controlled and scalable

oHeated glucose for the reducing reaction to create ~10 nm silver nano-particles

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2. Controlled 1ng droplet spray of dilute 1 ppm silver chloride using an inkjet device

1. Moving substrate coated with glucose to form and collect nanosilver

4. Nanosilver formed by the many localized reducing reactions between silver chloride droplets and heated glucose

5. Brush and collect the nanosilver off the substrate

3. ~200C heat to cause the reducing reaction to form silver from silver chloride

Our MethodCH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO+2AgCl+H2O CH2OH-(CHOH)4-

COOH+2HCl (gas)+2Ag

Our MethodCH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO+2AgCl+H2O CH2OH-(CHOH)4-

COOH+2HCl (gas)+2Ag