teaching the basics of can with information at the dlc

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VISION 2015 Presents…. By: Al San1ni ConsuLab Teaching The theory and Diagnosis of a Mul>ple CAN System “Mostly” at the DLC

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Page 1: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

                     

VISION  2015    

       Presents….  

By:    Al  San1ni    ConsuLab  

Teaching  The  theory  and  Diagnosis  of  a  Mul>ple  CAN  System  “Mostly”  

at  the  DLC    

Page 2: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

WHO  AM  I?  

•  Al  San>ni  •  Taught  technicians  for  years  at  CC  level  

•  Former  electrical  and  emission  instructor  at  College  of  DuPage  

•  Independent  Trainer  now  with  ConsuLab  

•  alsan>[email protected]  

Page 3: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

What  are  we  going  to  do?  •  Generalize  CAN  as  a  communica>on  thingy  •  Discuss  requirements  of  equipment  •  Go  thru  typical  low  speed  •  Go  thru  typical  high  speed  •  Go  thru  both  types  of  mul>ple  CAN  •  Show  basic  diagnos>c  tes>ng  at  the  DLC  and/or  module  

–  DMM  –  DSO  

•  Look  at  some  typical  LIN  (linear  interconnect  network)  •  Give  you  something  you  may  be  able  to  use  tomorrow  •  Think,  discuss,  digest,  BS  and  learn….  •  Keep  track  of  what  you  do  and  when….  

Page 4: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Some  “Pre”  Thoughts  •  CAN  is  here  to  stay.    Virtually  all  2008+  •  Mul>ple  high  speed  CAN  on  many  2010+  •  CAN  is  a  source  of  frequent  MIL  on  (emission  failures?)  •  CAN  is  a  source  of  frequent  DTC’s  (“U”  Codes)  •  You  MUST  understand  the  basics  or  you  will  be  screwed  !!  •  You  MUST  have  equipment  to  communicate  with  a  CAN  

equipped  vehicle  •  You  MUST  have  up-­‐to-­‐date  scanner  sobware  to  

communicate  with  a  CAN  equipped  vehicle  •  You  MUST  have  access  to  a  communica>ons  wiring  

diagram  

Page 5: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

What  is  CAN  ??  •  Controller  Area  Network  (CAN)  

–  Local  communica>on  similar  to  connec>ng  various  devices  along  an  Ethernet  

•  Linear  Interconnect  Network  (LIN)  –  New  to  the  network  (2011  ish)  

•  Defini>ons:  –  Gateway  =  the  device  that  communicates  with  the  “outside”  world  and  between  mul>ple  CAN  Networks  

–  Bus  =  a  big  rolling  device  that  carries  people  –  Bus  =  the  connec>on  between  devices  –  Termina>on  =  usually  the  two  ends  of  the  system  –  Wake-­‐up  =  a  signal  sent  out  by  the  gateway  to  begin  communica>on  

–  Roll-­‐call  =  the  gateway  asks  “Are  you  here  and  do  you  have  problems?”    

Page 6: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

History  (stay  awake….)  •  1983  Bosch  introduces  CAN  (on  paper)  •  1987  protocol  released  •  1987  first  CAN  chips  made  by  Intel  •  Aber  ‘87  CAN  (called  Mul>plex)  starts  to  show  up  •  1996  CAN  becomes  one  of  OBD-­‐II  protocols  •  By  2008  virtually  everything  is  CAN  (even  trucks  !!)  •  Low  speed  CAN  up  to  125Kbits/sec  (125,000)  •  High    speed  CAN  up  to  1Mbit/sec  (1,000,000)  •  8  >mes  faster….    And  we  are  not  done  •  Flexray  (BMW  8X)  up  to  10Mbit/sec  (10,000,000)  •  Or  80  >mes  faster  than  low  speed  •  Future???      

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So…  What  Is  Important?  •  Communica>on  errors  are  the  

most  common  -­‐  U  codes  •  Different  protocols  •  Single  wire  vs  two  wire  •  Low  speed  vs  High  speed  •  Mul>ple  high  speed  CAN  

networks  becoming  common  •  LIN  becoming  more  common  •  Equipment  requirements  •  Wiring  diagram  details  •  Simple  diagnos>c  procedure  

Page 8: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Demo….  

•  I  am  the  gateway  •  5  modules  in  network  •  Wake-­‐up  •  Roll  call  •  Problems?  •  Analysis  and  communica>on  with  outside  world  

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Check  the  Diagram….  

All  Data  would  be  proud  

Page 10: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Gateway  Ques>ons  

•  Wake  up  •  Roll  call  

–  SIR  –  PCM  –  TCM    – An>-­‐lock  

•  Problems  (DTC’s)  

Page 11: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

1St  Example  

•  During  roll  call  •  Each  module  answered  “here  with  no  DTC’s”  •  What  does  this  mean?  

– Communica>on  is  possible  along  Bus  – Modules  are  present  and  communica>ng  – No  module  has  any  problems  

•  You  will  seldom  see  this  example  on  a  vehicle  with  MIL  on  

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2nd  Example  

•  SIR  =  Here  and  communica>ng  with  no  DTC’s  •  An>-­‐Lock  =  here  and  communica>ng  with  1  DTC  – We  need  to  look  at  the  DTC  –  duh….  

•  TCM  =  here  and  communica>ng  with  the  gateway  but  no  one  else  

•  PCM  =  here  and  communica>ng  and  “seeing”  problems  with  other  modules  

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3rd  Example  

•  SIR  =  no  communica>on  and  not  on  line  •  An>-­‐Lock  =  no  communica>on  and  not  on  line  •  TCM  =  no  communica>on  and  not  on  line  •  PCM  =  no  communica>on  and  not  on  line  •  Odds  are  the  communica>on  bus  is  down  

–  Vehicle  probably  dead…  –  There  may  be  hidden  DTC’s  – Get  the  CAN  Bus  up  and  re-­‐scan  –  Tough  to  es>mate  cost  

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Conclusion  and  Choices  

•  Each  module  should  be  able  to:  –  Communicate  

•  To  both  the  Gateway  and  each  other  to  share  informa>on  

–  Indicate  DTC’s    –  Indicate  if  it  is  not  on  line  (How?  By  NOT  waking  up)  

•  Only  accomplished  if  the  CAN  Bus  is  func>oning  correctly        

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What  is  the  Gateway  here?  

Page 16: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

“Required”  BreakOut  Box  

•  2  types  – Allow  scanner  connec>on  or  not  –  Indicate  various  parameters    or  not  

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What  LED  Is  On  and  What  does  it  Mean  (AES  WAVE  Line  Spi)  

Page 18: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

CAN  Remains  Ac>ve  For  Many  Seconds  

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With  This  In  Mind….  

•  Use  the  BOB  or  MP  1918  to  show  students  that  the  system  is  awake  

•  Show  how  long  system  stays  awake  aber  no  inputs  

•  Emphasize  to  not  disconnect  anything  with  CAN  awake  

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Single  wire  system  

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Dual  wire  CAN  

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MP-­‐1918  CAN  Bus  

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Mul>ple  CAN  may….  

•  Actually  be  available  in  DLC  •  Second  set  of  high  speed  (+  and  -­‐)  •  Common  module  (Gateway)  within  2  different  CAN  networks  

•  Power  and/or  ground  supplied  in  usual  manner  

Page 25: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

2012  GMC  Terrain  Low  Speed  1  of  2  

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Low  Speed  2  of  2  

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High  Speed  1  of  2  

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High  Speed  2  of  2  

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Enable  Serial  Data  (LIN)  

Page 30: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

BCM  Linear  Interconnect  (LIN)  

Page 31: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Radio/HVAC  Linear  Connect  

Page 32: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Chassis  Expansion  Module    (2nd  High  Speed  CAN)  

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Ford  High  Speed  CAN  Present  

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Medium  CAN  Present  Pins  3  and  11  Module  Communica>ons  Network  

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Mul>ple  CAN  Systems  

•  Usually  have  one  module  common  to  both    •  This  module  may  even  be  the  gateway  

– Responsible  for  communica>on  – Wake  up  system  

•  In  some  cases  – More  than  one  module  present  in  both  CAN  – Tough  to  figure  what  is  gateway  

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Basic  Diagnos>cs  

•  For  a  no  communica>on  or  no  start/crank  •  Pull  barery  •  Ohm  out  high  speed  •  Look  for  wake-­‐up  signal  (DSO)  

– May  be  either  low  speed  or  high  speed  

•  Look  for  communica>on  •  Scan  for  available  modules  (module  status)  

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Page 38: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

•  Disconnect  the  barery  picture  

The battery must be disconnected

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Resistance  Values  •  If  circuit  has  

–  two  resistors  in  parallel  •  *Measured  with  the  baDery  

disconnected  –  Or  “poof”  

•  Measuring  the  “bus”  resistance  

•  Communica>on  pathway  –  No  pathway  =    –  No  communica>on  

•  Key  is  wiring  diagram  

Page 40: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Some  Diagrams  Might  Not  Show  Resistors  –  Ohm  meter  tells  story  

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Bat  Disconnected.    Pins  6  &  14  Ohmmeter  Reading  Ford  Focus  ‘08  

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Why  Do  an  Ohmmeter  Test??  

•  Basic  info  on  opens  and  shorts  •  Does  the  system  have  the  path  for  communica>on  

•  Communica>on  wiring  integrity  •  “might”  be  cause  of  no  monitors  •  Aber  DMM  test,  reconnect  barery  and  scan  •  “Possibly”  shut  down  monitor  system  •  Switch  to  DSO  and  look  for  wake  up    

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Wake  Up  Sig  Low  Speed  

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Low  Speed  CAN  Bus  Pin  1  

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CAN  High  (+)  Pin  6  

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CAN  Low  (-­‐)  Pin  14  

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Pins  6  and  14  

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Mul>ple  CAN  may….  

•  Actually  be  available  in  DLC  •  Second  set  of  high  speed  (+  and  -­‐)  •  Common  module  within  2  different  CAN  networks  

•  Power  and/or  ground  supplied  in  usual  manner  

Page 49: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

2012  GMC  Terrain  Low  Speed  1  of  2  

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Low  Speed  2  of  2  

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High  Speed  1  of  2  

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High  Speed  2  of  2  

Page 53: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Enable  Serial  Data  (LIN)  

Page 54: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

BCM  Linear  Interconnect  (LIN)  

Page 55: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Radio/HVAC  Linear  Connect  

Page 56: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Chassis  Expansion  Module    (2nd  High  Speed  CAN)  

Page 57: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

DLC  PinOut  2012  GMC  Terrain  

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Pins  12  and  13  Chassis  Expansion  Module  2012  GMC  Terrain    

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Pin  12  KOER  2012  GMC  Terrain  

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Pins  12  &  13    

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Proof  of  High  Speed  CAN    Mirror  Image  Pins  12  &  13  

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Pinging  the  Modules  

•  AutoEnginuity  •  Request  module  status  •  Part  of  start  up  

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Or…  Handheld  Scanner  and  Simpler  Vehicle  

•  Try  to  determine  what  you  have  prior  to  actually  connec>ng  

•  Use  the  BOB  and  scanner  in  parallel  

•  Have  the  wiring  diagram  in  front  of  you  

•  Hood  DOWN  •  Pay  aren>on  to  details  

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The  Wake-­‐up  Call  

•  Hello,    hello,  •  Communica>on  taking  place?  –  Is  anyone  listening  –  Is  anyone  talking  

•  Is  anyone  having  problems  (DTC’s)  

•  Pinging  the  modules  

Page 67: Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC

Module  Status  or  “Hello  Out  There  !!’  

•  Indicates  that  communica>on  is  occurring  –  Roll  call  

•  8  modules  present  –  Same  as  wiring  diagram?  

•  No  DTC  

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2008  Pon>ac  Sols>ce  

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Let’s  Back  Out  of  Single  Wire  CAN  

•  Select  Dual  Wire  CAN  •  Enter  •  Look  at  wiring  diagram  •  Will  communica>on  occur?  •  What  modules  might  be  on  

the  bus?  •  What  DTC’s  are  present?  

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Complete  Roll  Call  

•  Indicates  that  communica>on  is  occurring  

•  5  modules  present  –  Same  as  wiring  diagram?  

•  One  has  a  DTC  –  Radio    

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Dual  Wire  CAN  2008  Sols>ce  

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Tes>ng  Sequence  Reviewed  •  With  a  no  high  speed  communica>on  vehicle  

– Disconnect  barery  – Measure  resistance  between  pins  6  and  14  

•  It  must  be  correct  !!  •  Fix  it  !  

– Check  for  wake  up  signal  (maybe  low  speed)  – DSO  KOEO  or  KOER  

•  Both  high  and  low  signal  – Check  for  module  communica>on  

•  If  no  –  go  to  individual  module  B+  B-­‐  and  signal  •  Repair  as  needed  or  replace  module  –  re-­‐program?  

– Check  modules  vs  wiring  diagram  

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Communica1on  Enable  and  Linear  Interconnect  “CAN”  Network  (LIN)  Not  in  DLC  

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STOP  and  look  at  a  LIN  •  Linear  interconnect  network  •  Usually  NOT  in  DLC  •  Usually  a  B+  or  ground  switch  from  a  CAN  module  •  Supplies  power  to  other  modules  (some>mes  addi>onal  other  than  main  power  

•  Sequence:  –  Gateway  wake  up  signal  –  CAN  comes  alive  –  LIN  turns  on  addi>onal  components  or  modules  –  Everyone  starts  talking  

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Communica1on  Enable  and  Linear  Interconnect  “CAN”  Network  (LIN)  Not  in  DLC  

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Fair  Winds  

•  Hope  to  see  you  at  •  NACAT  2015  in  Joliet,  IL  •  Or  

–  On  the  water  •  Thanks  for  arending  •  Don’t  forget  to  thank  our  hosts  for  a  great  conference