teaching concepts
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Here is a presentation about teaching concepts.TRANSCRIPT
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Teaching ConceptsKim Wartschow
Information taken from the book, Instructional Design, by Smith & Ragan (2005).
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What is a concept?
According to the article, a concept is “a set of specific objects, symbols, or events which are grouped together on the basis of shared characteristics and which can be referenced by a particular name or symbol” (Merrill & Tennyson, 1977, p. 3).
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Examples of concepts:
Similar triangles
The backhand stroke (tennis)
Adhesion
Computers
And so much more!
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Types of concepts:
As the article tells us, there are types of concepts.
Concrete concepts (known by their physical characteristics)
Abstract concepts (know only as they fit a particular definition
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What learners need to do:
When learning a concept, one needs to generalize
Learners can overgeneralize; or
Learners can under-generalize
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Overgeneralization:
Learners who overgeneralize do not discriminate between examples.
From the article: a young girl may learn what a cow is and then call, “cow,” to pictures of any large, four-legged animal (moose, horse, zebra, etc.)
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Under-generalization:
Learners who under-generalize, as the article tells us, may see a cow and think that only black-and-white animals with cow features are cows
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Inquiry Strategy:
“an exploratory strategy or a discovery approach”
Learners discover the answers (often with “yes” or “no” choices
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Expository Approach:“presents the concept, its label, and its criterial attributes earlier in the lesson sequence”
“presents many examples and non-examples; however, these instances follow a discussion of a best example and how it embodies the characteristics of the concept.”
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Attribute Isolation:
“Pointing out the criterial attributes”
“Providing visual clues may be helpful”
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Feedback:
“Feedback should include and explanation of why an instance is classified as an example or non-example”
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Tips:
Analogies, mnemonics, imagery, and the transfer of knowledge help learners to remember
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What does this mean?
How does all of this information apply to Physical Education?
How can I use teaching concepts in my classes?
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The Pass:
Passes are used in almost all team sports
Basketball passes are used to create movement and opportunity within the game
Soccer passing is also used in the same way
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The Pass:
For the sake of basketball and soccer, we will say that a pass is the action of one person sending the ball to another person on their same team who is in a different location on the court/field
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How to teach it:
Give audio and text definitions
Give video examples
Give live demonstrations and practice
Provide opportunity for application of knowledge
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Application of Knowledge:
Why use a pass?
What is its purpose?
How could it be used?
What else could it look like/different types of passes
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The Presentation:
Create an interactive presentation with a character/characters that will pique students’ interest
Give them opportunities to make choices (“yes” or “no”)
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And that’s a wrap!
I hope you enjoyed learning about concepts and how to teach them