teachers training material impact on food education · 40,4 40,4 47,6 35,7 38,1 0 0 2,4 9,5 16,6...

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TEACHERS TRAINING & MATERIAL IMPACT ON FOOD EDUCATION WFD of kindergarten staff including education & development of teacher training material Bent EgbergMikkelsen, Aalborg University, Denmark Sapere Scientific meeting, October 3, 2014 University of Turku Abstract: Meal programs in Danish kindergarten has undergone a rapid change over the past years and the new educational opportunities that meal provision offers have fuelled a new interest from the research community. Institutions for preschoolers offers a good infrastructure and skilled human resources that might contribute positively to active learning about life & health skills if food provision is linked to curricular activities in a creative way. The paper looks at lunch arrangements (LA) as a “window of opportunity” to promote kindergarten driven food and nutrition education and creation of food literacy through the implementation of taste education with the Sapere method. The paper is based on the case of the Dagmar intervention (Dannelse og sundhed gennem bedre madrammer i børnehaver: www.dagmar.plan.aau.dk) and the SoL program (www.solbornholm.dk). It discusses challenges and, It presents results from the Dagmar program on how workforce development (WFD) can be dealt with and discusses challenges to the permanent and long term anchoring of taste education on kindergarten.

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Page 1: TEACHERS TRAINING MATERIAL IMPACT ON FOOD EDUCATION · 40,4 40,4 47,6 35,7 38,1 0 0 2,4 9,5 16,6 23,8 19 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1st picture 2nd picture 3rd picture 4th picture

TEACHERS TRAINING & MATERIAL IMPACTON FOOD EDUCATION

∙ WFD of kindergarten staff including education& development of teacher training material

Bent Egberg Mikkelsen, Aalborg University, Denmark

Sapere Scientific meeting, October 3, 2014University of Turku

Abstract:Meal programs in Danish kindergarten has undergone a rapid change over the past years and the new educational opportunities that meal provision offers have fuelled a new interest from the research community. Institutions for preschoolers offers a good infrastructure and skilled human resources that might contribute positively to active learning about life & health skills if food provision is linked to curricular activities in a creative way. The paper looks at lunch arrangements (LA) as a “window of opportunity” to promote kindergarten driven food and nutrition education and creation of food literacy through the implementation of taste education with the Sapere method. The paper is based on the case of the Dagmar intervention (Dannelse og sundhed gennem bedre madrammer i børnehaver: www.dagmar.plan.aau.dk) and the SoL program (www.sol‐bornholm.dk). It discusses challenges and, It presents results from the Dagmar program on how workforce development (WFD) can be dealt withand discusses challenges to the permanent and long term anchoring of taste education on kindergarten.

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Food literacy defined as the

“ relative ability to basically understand the nature of food and how it is important 

to you, and how able you are to gain information about food, process it, analyse 

it and act upon it”(Vidgen & Gallegos 2011).

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Hypothesis

that children who are involved in cooking and are allowed to see, touch and taste the food during cooking is more curious and open to trying new 

foods (neophilia).

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Research Questions• Can taste workshops increase children'sknowledge and liking for selected fruits and vegetables ?

• Can exposure to fruits and vegetables increaseawareness, liking and intake of fruit and vegetables?

• Can sensory workshops and exposure to fruitsand vegetables reduce neofobi ?

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The Danish Kindergarten foodscapes

Example: SE & FI Example: Kindergarten, DK Example: Schools, DK

Institution with meals for all

Institution with nomeals for all

Institution with meals for some

Collective Semi‐Collective Non‐Collective

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Healthy kindergarten foodscapesA window of opportunity

Impact

Life years

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Prevalence of LA

• Approximately 30 % of preschools have a lunch arrangement in operation either as an in house system or a delivery system (Glavind, 2013).

• 62 % of DK children live in a municipality where one or more kindergartens ha “official” luncharrangements (FOA, 2013)

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Workforce development (WFD)

a holistic concept that integrates workforce analysis and planning, human resource 

management and capability development to strengthen organisation success by 

aligning the workforce to both current and future service demands.

Staron (2009)Staron M (2009) Workforce development – a whole‐ofsystem model for workforce development. In Public Health Workforce Developments Literature Scan, Review & Literature [IL Bourgeault, C Demers and S Donovan, editors]. http://www.peelregion.ca/health/resources/pdf/ Ivy‐Bourgeault‐Workforce Development.pdf (accessed December 2011).

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What is WFD(workforce development)

Kugelberg, 2014Leavitt

People

System

Technology (LA)Tasks

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Tasteshop

(Sapere)

Intervention

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The Taste Workshop picturegram

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MethodsSample Image questionnaire

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Sapere in Sol programCase of the SoL project

Control

Village Case ControlSchools Kindergarten School

Nexø 200 52 50Hasle 100 25Allinge 100 48

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DatacollectionBaseline og Post test (case & control)

• Knowledge (picturegram)• Liking. Smiley scale• Parent reported neophobia. Questionnaire

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ChildrenEating & learning

TeacherTeaching & pedagogy

KitchenstaffFood & Cooking

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Two professions

• Food • Pedagogy

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Taste WorkshopsBased on an idea catalog. Developed in coop between teachers, educators and researchers (co‐creation)

1. The five basic tastes. Here we are talking only about the taste in general , how to taste sour, sweet , bitter , salty , umami , and the food tastes like it . We taste the five foods : Sweet : peach canned Sur : lemon slice , Umami : sun‐dried tomatoes , salt : cucumber with salt , Bitter : Brussels sprouts

2. Super Tasters.We look at how many taste buds we have on the tongue , thus you can get an idea of   whether you are a super taste or not. The tongue painted blue with safe color to improve contrast. Then you look at your own tongue in a small mirror. 

3. Olfactory impact on the 'taste‘. The children hold their noses while eating a piece of fruit / vegetable. You can not taste so very first ( maybe a little sweet and sour or ) , but when you release the nose , coming all the flavors and fragrances of expression. 

4. Guess a scent. The children 's eyes to the glass with spices , you can not see through (such as cinnamon , oregano , pepper , etc.) . What it smells like what it would taste good with what gets the kids to think about ; for example . cinnamon � Christmas baking. 

5. Guess what you eat. We also use the sight when we eat . The children are blindfolded and must guess what they taste on ( eg . Blueberry , pineapple , carrot , avocado ) . This is a good motor challenge and the children express themselves 

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The profession gap

• Pedagogues and kitchen staff, thinks differently• But agree on opportunities related to  working on preferences, neophobia and liking:

I think it's an advantage if we could seek out more knowledge about it,  or have the opportunity to gain 

some more knowledge about it.

We do not have the same knowledge about food as kitchen staff members. We do not have the training.  

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Language as a mediator

Exciting having to put the different basic tastes into words, and exciting to experience the 

flavours could change the combined basic tastes.

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Taste lessons and the creating of language

• Both pedagogues and kitchen staff felt that they could communicate the diversity in taste for the children. 

• One preschool pedagogue added the following comment:I have focused on taste and it gives me the 

opportunity to bring my own knowledge to light ‐ and use it with the new knowledge from 

Dagmar.

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Results:Preferences, veggies

31

23,8

16,7

0

14,311,9

9,5 9,57,1 7,1

0 0

4,82,4

35,738,1

28,5

14,3

42,9

35,7

42,9

19

35,7

19

14,311,9

7,1

11,9

Baseline image‐based questionnaire Follow up image questionnaire

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Results: Knowledge, F+V

0

40,4 40,4

47,6

35,7

38,1

00

2,4

9,5

16,6

23,8

19

00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1st picture 2nd picture 3rd picture 4th picture 5th picture 6th picture 7th picture

Wrong answer in the baseline image‐based questionnaire

Wrong answer in the follow up image‐based questionnaire

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Conclusion• Need for dual track WFD• Need for integration in LA • SFS accompanying measures offers new avenues

• Need for evidence based outcome measures incl effect on determinants and uptake

• Need for long term tracking measures• Need for a participatory approach

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AAU‐MENU kindergartenfoodscape research

• Dagmar (www.dagmar.plan.aau.dk)

• FRIDA (www.frida.plan.aau.dk)

• SoL project (www.sol‐bornholm.dk)

bemi@plan. aau.dk